Knee Osteoarthritis
Nyamakazi ya osteoarthritis ndiyo njira yofala kwambiri ya osteoarthritis. Anthu oposa 10 miliyoni a ku America ali ndi mafupa a bondo. Chimodzimodzinso ndi chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha ulemala wamisala ku United States. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kwa mafupa a mafupa kumadalira kuzindikira zizindikiro zoyambirira, kulondola molondola, ndi chithandizo choyenera.
Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro za Knee Osteoarthritis
Kachirombo ka osteoarthritis kawirikawiri kamadziwika ndi kuyamba kwachinyengo kwa kupweteka kwa mgwirizano , kuuma kwa mgwirizano , ndi kuyenda kochepa .
Osadziwa, mafupa a knee amayamba pang'onopang'ono kwa zaka zambiri ndipo amazindikira mosazindikira mpaka atakhala chizindikiro. N'chizolowezi kuti anthu omwe ali ndi mafupa a m'magazi amayamba kudandaula za ululu umene umachitika poyenda, kuphatikizapo zoperewera ndi kuyenda (mwachitsanzo, mtunda), kuchoka ku sitima ndi kuima , ndi kukwera masitepe. Zilombo zina zowonjezereka zimaphatikizapo kumverera kuti bondo lidzapereka , bondo lomwe lakhudzidwa likutsekedwa , kapena kugwedezeka kwina .
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Kodi Tricompartmental Osteoarthritis Ndi Chiyani?
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Kugwiritsira ntchito Viscosupplement Hyalgan Kuchitira Knee Osteoarthritis
Nthaŵi zambiri kutupa kumakhala komweko, koma nthawi zambiri sikugwirizana ndi kutentha kapena kufiira. Ndi zizindikiro zomwe tatchulazi, patapita kanthawi kochepa kuti muwone ngati zizindikiro zikugonjetsa kapena ngati chithandizo chowongolera chikuthandiza, anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti ayenera kufunsa dokotala wawo kuti adziwe bwinobwino kuti ali ndi matenda otani.
Ululu wokhudzana ndi mafupa a m'magazi nthawi zambiri umakhala wovuta kwambiri pakutsatira, makamaka ngati kugwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kwa bondo wathyoka. Kukhumudwa kungakhale kovuta pambuyo pokhala nthawi yaitali. Pamene mafupa a osteoarthritis akupita, zizindikiro zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Kupweteka kungakhale kosalekeza, osati kuwonetsa kokha pamene ntchito yolemetsa kapena yotsatira ikuchitika.
> Katemera wa mafupa amathyoka ndi osteoarthritis.
Kupweteka kosalekeza ndikumapweteka kumaphatikizapo zinthu zosaoneka bwino zomwe zimapezeka pamene khunyu imawonongeka kwambiri ndipo palibe chotupa chomwe chimachokera kumapeto kwa mafupa. Matupi omasuka mu malo olowa nawo angathandizenso kuvutika ndi kuuma. Khungu (kugwedeza) ndi kuwonjezereka kwa chizindikiro mwamphamvu zomwe zimapezeka ndi nyengo yamkuntho zimakhalanso ndi maonekedwe a mitsempha ya m'magazi-ngakhale kuti yotsutsanayo yatsutsana.
Kuwonongeka kwa khungu (joint) kadotila , komwe kumawonekera pazidziwitso x-ray , ndichinthu chofunika kwambiri chodziŵika chokhudzana ndi mafupa a mitsempha. Katemera wotayika m'matumbo a bondo amatha kuyambitsa:
- kuvulaza kwa bondo lapitalo
- Kusinthasintha mobwerezabwereza pa bondo
- kupweteka, mitsempha yolema , ndi kuvulaza kwadzidzidzi, zilizonse zomwe zingakhudze kugwirizana kwa bondo ndi mwendo, kupititsa patsogolo kutaya ndi kuvunda
- chibadwa cha mafupa osakanikirana ndi odwalaostearthritis
- kunenepa kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri komwe kumawonjezera kupsyinjika ndi kulemetsa kwa mgwirizano wokhudzidwa; adipose minofu kumawonjezera proinflammatory cytokines ; ndipo leptin ikhoza kugwira ntchito
- mavuto ndi subchondral bone (fupa lapafupi pansi pa karoti pambali)
Kuzindikira Knee Osteoarthritis
Monga momwe ziliri ndi vuto lina lililonse la matenda a nyamakazi , kukambirana koyamba ndi dokotala kumayamba ndi kukambirana za zizindikiro zomwe mwakhala mukukumana nazo. Kubwereza mbiri yanu ya zamankhwala ndi kufufuza mwathupi kumatsatira. Muyenera kuyembekezera kuti mayesero amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, mayesero a magazi kuti awononge mitundu ina ya nyamakazi ndi ma x-ray kuti apeze umboni wowonongeka pamodzi.
Panthawi yoyezetsa magazi, dokotala wanu adzaona bondo lomwe lasokonezeka chifukwa cha kutupa, kufiira, kutentha, ndi kuwonongeka (mwachitsanzo, varus vs. valgus deformity). Dokotala wanu adzayang'ana njira zosiyanasiyana mosaganizira ndi mwakhama, ndipo muwone ngati pali chikondi kukhudza. Dokotala wanu adzaona zomwe mumachita, komanso zizindikiro za kuwonjezereka kopweteka ndi kulemera. Ndi mafupa a osteoarthritis, kawirikawiri bondo limodzi limakhudzidwa kwambiri kuposa lina, koma zonsezi zingakhudzidwe, makamaka nthawi zosiyana.
Mafupizidwe olingalira amafunika kuti apeze umboni wa kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe kogwirizana ndi matenda a osteoarthritis ndi kutulutsa zina.
Malasi ojambulidwa amatha kulamulidwa koyamba ndipo ngati chithunzi chofunika kwambiri, MRI kapena CT scan akhoza kulamulidwa. Kuchita opaleshoni ya mawondo ndi njira ina yowonekeratu.
Maphunziro a kufufuza ndi kujambula adzawulula mbali ina ya bondo. Mgwirizano wa patellofemoral ndi mgwirizano wapakati wa tibiofemoral nthawi zambiri umakhudzidwa ndi osteoarthritis. Mgwirizano wa tibiofemoral wothandizana nawo umakhala wochepa kwambiri ndi osteoarthritis. Monga momwe mungaganizire, malo a ululu amapereka chisonyezero chabwino chomwe chigawo cha mawondo chimakhudzidwa. Ululu mu mgwirizano wa patellofemoral nthawi zambiri umakhala woipitsitsa ndi nthawi yayitali, atayima kuchokera pa mpando wapansi, kukwera masitepe, kapena kutsika pansi. Kupweteka kwa bondo kumbuyo komwe kumayambira kutali kungakhale kosagwirizana ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi a maondo. Zowawa zapakati zomwe zimagwiridwa ndi kusokonezeka kugona nthawi zambiri zimasonyeza kuti mwapang'onopang'ono mafupa a osteoarthritis amatha. Kaŵirikaŵiri palibe kupweteka kumbuyo kwa bondo pokhapokha kugwirizanitsidwa ndi Baker's cyst .
Chithandizo cha Knee Osteoarthritis
Matenda a osteoarthritis sangathe kuchiritsidwa, koma pali mankhwala omwe angathandize kuthana ndi zizindikiro.
Pali mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
Mankhwala owonjezera, monga acetaminophen , amathandiza kupweteka. Odwala ena amapeza mpumulo wabwino kwambiri wochokera ku NSAID (antisteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) kapena Celebrex (celecoxib), yotsalayo COX-2 inhibitor yomwe imagulitsidwa ku US Palinso mankhwala opioid omwe amapezeka kwa odwala amafunikira mpumulo wopweteka kwambiri.
Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala amamwa, njira zina zothandizira mazira a bondo zimaphatikizapo jekeseni ya intra-articular ya steroids kapena viscosupplements . Mankhwala a Steroid amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwamsanga kuchepetsa ululu ndi kutupa . Mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena hyalruonates, ndi zinthu monga gel zomwe zimayikidwa mu bondo lomwe zakhudzidwa ndi cholinga chopatsa mafuta ndi kukonzera, monga zofanana ndi zida za synovial fluid mu mgwirizano wamba .
Pali njira zambiri zamaganizo zogwiritsira ntchito matenda a mitsempha:
- Zochita / zochitika zolimbitsa thupi / mankhwala opatsirana - Kuyenda ndi ntchito ndizofunika kuti pakhale bwino komanso kusunga mphamvu ndi kuyenda.
- Pitirizani kulemera kwanu kapena kuchepetsa thupi ngati muli olemera kwambiri - Mapaundi owonjezerapo amachititsa nkhawa ku bondo lanu, kotero kuonetsetsa kulemera kwanu n'kofunika kwambiri kuti musamayende bwino.
- Kuvala maondo kapena kuthandizira - Kuvala mawondo kumapereka chithandizo, mtendere, ndi ululu.
- kutentha ndi kuzizira - Kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kapena kuzizira (e..g, mapepala a gel) kungathandize kuthetsa ululu ndi kutupa.
- zokhazokha (zosagwiritsidwa ntchito) ndizo mwayi wopuma kupweteka; Mavitamini Voltaren (diclofenac) gel ndi ndondomeko ya NSAID
- Kuchita opaleshoni ya mawondo - njira yomaliza yoperekera mankhwala osamalidwa alephera kupereka yankho lokwanira
Komanso Werengani: 25 Zochiritsira Zothandiza kwa Hip ndi Knee Osteoarthritis
Mawu Ochokera
Pafupifupi 13 peresenti ya amayi ndi 10 peresenti ya amuna a zaka 60 kapena kuposerapo ali ndi matenda a knee osteoarthritis. Ngakhale kuti matenda a mitsempha ya bondo amakula ndi msinkhu, aliyense akhoza kuyamba matendawa.
Malinga ndi kufooka kwa matenda, mafupa a bondo amatha kufooketsa thupi ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito , ndipo chifukwa chake, zimakhudza kwambiri khalidwe la moyo. Mungadabwe kumva kuti osteoarthritis imayanjananso ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha imfa poyerekezera ndi anthu ambiri. Ndi mbiri ya matenda a shuga, khansara, kapena mtima ndi kudwala kwa kuyenda, pali ngozi yowonjezereka.
Kupeza mphamvu za mafupa a bondo kumafuna kuti muzindikire zizindikiro zoyambirira, funsani dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe bwino, khalani ndi dongosolo lokhala ndi njira zowonetsera ndi zothandiza, ndipo muzisamala kwambiri zomwe zingasokoneze matenda. ali wokondwa kukupatsani inu chidziwitso chomwe mukusowa kuti mumvetse kumvetsetsa kwa bongo wamagazi, kumvetsetsa malingaliro a dokotala wanu, ndi malangizo atsopano othandizira kugwiritsira ntchito mafupa a mitsempha.
Zotsatira:
Matenda a Knee. OrthoInfo. AAOS. June 2014.
Zochitika zachipatala za Osteoarthritis. Nelson ndi Jordan. Mutu 99. Kelley's Bookbook of Rheumatology. Elsevier. Kusindikiza kwachisanu ndi chinayi.
Mawonetseredwe Am'chipatala ndi Kuzindikira kwa Osteoarthritis. Doherty ndi Abhishek. Zaposachedwa. Idasinthidwa pa August 1, 2016.
Heidari B. Nthenda ya Osteoarthritis Kukula, Zoopsa, Pathogenesis, ndi Zizindikiro: Gawo I. Caspian Journal ya Internal Medicine. 2011 Spring 2 (2): 205-212.