Mpaka nditapezeka kuti ndili ndi nyamakazi, sindinaganizire mmene maselo a munthu amakhalira. Ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe anthu amazitenga kuti ndizochepa - kayendedwe kowonongeka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mpaka chinachake chikulakwika chomwe chimayambitsa kupweteka pamodzi, kuwonongeka kwa mgwirizano, kupunduka palimodzi, ndi kuyenda kochepa. Tiyeni tiyerekeze mgwirizano wamba ndi mgwirizano wa nyamakazi.
1 -
Chiyanjano ChachizoloweziMu thupi la munthu, mgwirizano umapangidwa kumene mapeto a mafupa awiri amasonkhana, kuti athe kuyenda. Kumene mafupa awiri amapanga mgwirizano wochuluka kwambiri, monga mchiuno kapena mapewa, amadziwika kuti diarthrosis, yomwe imagwirizana ndi mawu akuti "synovial joint". Malingana ndi mgwirizano wapadera, zochitika zogwirizana zowonjezereka zimaphatikizapo kutengako (kuchoka kutali pakati pa thupi la thupi); kutengeka (kuyenderera kumbali ya thupi); kulengeza (kuwongolera); kuyenda (kupindika); ndi kusinthasintha (kayendedwe kazitsulo). Mgwirizano wathanzi wa synovial ukhoza kusuntha mwaufulu mwa kuyenda kwake koyenera.
Mgwirizano wa synovial uli ndi kapule (wotchedwa capsule joint) yomwe ili ndi synovium (yomwe imatchulidwa kuti yowonjezera) ndipo imadzazidwa ndi synovial fluid. Mafupa a synovial joint amakhala ndi hyaline (articular) cartilage .
- Puloteni yamaguluyi ndi thumba lopangidwa mozungulira. Mawu akuti "ligamentous" amatanthauza mitsempha yokhudzana ndi mafupa. Puloteni wothandizirayi imapereka bata molimbika mwa kuchepetsa kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe kake, ndipo, kudzera mukumapeto kwa mitsempha yake, imakudziwitsani udindo wa mgwirizano wanu.
- Synovium (yomwe imatchedwanso synovial membrane) ndi memphane yothandizira yomwe imayendera mapangidwe a capsule wothandizira, komanso ma sheaths ndi bursae. Tendons ndi mitsempha yambiri yomwe imapangitsa mafupa anu. Bursae ndi matumba odzaza, odzaza madzimadzi omwe amapereka katemera komwe khungu, minofu, matope, ndi mitsempha zimagubuduza mafupa.
- Synovial madzi , opangidwa ndi synovium, amapereka chakudya kwa karotila ndipo amathandiza kuchepetsa kuthamanga pakapita.
- Katemera wotchedwa Articular cartilage ndi minofu yolimba koma yokhazikika yomwe imapangidwa ndi 85% madzi ndi matrikidwe okonzedwa bwino a collagen, mapuloteni, ndi shuga. Cartilage imapangitsa kuti mafupa azikhala osasunthika pang'onopang'ono akamachepetsa kukangana komanso kumangodabwa.
2 -
Kugwirizana kwa ArthriticPali mitundu yambiri ya nyamakazi . Mitundu iwiri yambiri ya nyamakazi ndi osteoarthritis ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi . Ndi matenda a osteoarthritis, akhala akuganiza kuti katsamba kakuwonongeka pamene ikutha, mtundu wa vuto la biomechanical. Panthawiyi, fupa la fupa lingapangitse ndipo madzi amchere amayamba. Ndi kusintha kumeneku, ziwalo zimakhala zovuta, zopweteka, ndipo zimakhala zochepa. Komabe, ochita kafukufuku ayamba kusintha maganizo awo ndikupereka chikhulupiliro chowonjezereka poyambitsa kutupa monga chifukwa cha osteoarthritis, nthawi zina.
Kuyamba kwa nyamakazi ya nyamakazi ndi njira yotupa . Ndi mankhwala otsekemera, synovium imakula. Maselo a Synovial akuwonjezeka pa chiwerengero panthawi yozizira. The synovium imakhala yokwanira (yamadzimadzi odzazidwa) ndipo imapindula ndi mapangidwe atsopano a zitsulo zamagazi. Kupanga madzi kwa synovial kumawonjezereka ndipo pulojekiti yowonjezera ikuphulika pamodzi ndi kusintha kumeneku. Kutulutsa maselo otupa kulowa mkati minofu yowumikizana. Njira zamakono zomwe zimachitika panthawi yotupa ndi kusintha kwasintha zimatchedwa synovitis yogwira ntchito. Ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito synovitis, kupsa mtima ndi kutukusira kwa mgwirizano wonyamulira, kuwonongeka kwa karotila, ndi kupuma kwa mafupa kungathe kuchitika.
> Zotsatira:
> Zophatikiza Zowonjezera: Chikhalidwe, Maonekedwe, > Kukalamba > ndi > Matenda >. > Journal of Anatomy. Ralphs JR et al. June 1994.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1259958/
> Zogwirizana. Merck Manual Home Health Handbook. Pekka Mooar, MD July 2007.
http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/bone_joint_and_muscle_disorders/biology_of_the_musculoskeletal_system/joints.html
> Kugwirizana Kwachibadwa. WorldOrtho. Gawo Part 1. Ndi Sarah Saw ndi Magdalena Mironowicz.
> Yachibadwa Synovium. Malcolm D. Smith. Open Rheumatology Journal, 2011, 5, (Suppl > 1: M2) > 100-106
http://benthamscience.com/open/torj/articles/V005/SI0098TORJ/100TORJ.pdf
> Matenda a Khunyu: Matenda Oyamba ndi Chithandizo. Matenda a RA. PP.16-19. Ndi John J. Cush MD, Michael E. Weinblatt, MD, ndi Arthur Kavanaugh, MD. Kusintha kwachitatu. Copyright 2010.