Zowonjezereka za Multiple Sclerosis Treatments
Mankhwala othandizira matenda ndi sitepe yoyamba yosamalira MS. Ngakhale kuti sangakuthandizeni mwachindunji zizindikiro zanu, akugwira ntchito kumbuyo kwazithunzi kuti achepetse vuto lanu.
Izi zanenedwa, pali njira zingapo zothandizira kuthana ndi zizindikiro zanu zovuta za MS. Izi zikuphatikizapo mankhwala, njira zowonzetsera, ndi mankhwala othandizira, monga kusinkhasinkha ndi reflexology.
Ngakhale palibe mankhwala ochizira MS, mukhoza kukhala bwino ndi matendawa.
Kwenikweni, kukhala ndi kugwirizanitsa ndi MS kungangotulutsa mphamvu yamkati yomwe simunadziwe kuti muli nayo.
Mankhwala Owasintha Matenda
Maphunziro a sayansi pa mankhwala opatsirana ndi matenda a MS apeza kuti sikuti amachepetsa chiwerengero cha kubwereranso kwa munthu koma komanso momwe akubwerera mobwerezabwereza. Kuonjezera apo, kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti mankhwala opatsirana ndi matenda amachepetsa chiwerengero ndi kukula kwa zilonda (monga momwe zikuwonetsedwa pa MRIs za ubongo ndi / kapena msana wamtsempha) ndi kuchepetsa kukula kwa MS.
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Mmene Antibiotic Yamakono Amatha Kutengera Matenda Omwe Amakhala Amtundu Wachilendo
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N'chifukwa Chiyani Kukonzekera Mng'oma wa Myelin Ndizofunika Kwambiri pa MS Research
Chifukwa cha maphunzirowa, National MS Society imalangiza anthu omwe angotenga kachilombo ka HIV kuti ayambenso kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Zimakhulupirira kuti poyamba mutayamba, zimapangitsa kuti muthe kuchepetsa matenda anu.
Pakalipano pali mankhwala khumi ndi asanu omwe amavomerezedwa ndi United States Chakudya ndi Drug Administration (FDA) pochiza mawonekedwe obwereza a MS (anthu omwe ali ndi MS omwe akubwezeretsanso kachiwiri ndi anthu omwe ali ndi MS omwe amapita patsogolo kapena omwe akupita patsogolo). Imodzi mwa mankhwalawa imavomerezedwanso kuti anthu omwe ali ndi MS (Ocrevus) apamwamba komanso omwe amavomerezedwa ku MS (Novantrone).
Majekeseni
Pali mankhwala asanu ndi atatu omwe amalowa mkati mwa minofu (mkati) kapena pansi pa khungu mthupi lanu (subcutaneous). Mankhwala asanu mwawa mankhwalawa ndi interferon ndipo akuphatikizapo:
Mapiritsiteni ndi mapuloteni omwe amapangidwa ndi chitetezo cha munthu chifukwa cha matendawa. Zimakhulupirira kuti kwa anthu omwe ali ndi MS, mankhwala ochizira matenda opatsirana amachititsa kuti chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu chitengeke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepetsa kuukiridwa kwa myelin mkati mwa ubongo wa munthu ndi msana. Myelin amachititsa kuti mitsempha ya mitsempha iwonongeke, ndipo ikawonongeka kapena ikawonongedwa (yomwe imachitika ndi MS), mitsempha sitingathe kulankhulana.
Mankhwala a interferon amavomerezedwa bwino koma amatha kupweteka kapena kufiira pa khungu komwe mankhwala amayiramo. Kuonjezera apo, anthu ena amawona zizindikiro za chimfine ndi mankhwala awa, ngakhale kuti izi zimakhala bwino ndi nthawi.
Malingana ndi interferon yomwe mukuitenga, dokotala wanu akhoza kuyang'ana ntchito ya magazi (monga chiwindi kapena mayeso a maselo a magazi) kapena kukufunsani mafunso okhudza mbiri yanu yachipatala musanalongosole.
Mwachitsanzo, dokotala wanu angakufunseni ngati muli ndi mbiri ya kuvutika maganizo-zomwe zingawonongeke pa interferon mankhwala.
Mankhwala ena awiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi matendawa ndi Copaxone ndi Glatopa (Copaxone). Monga mankhwala a interferon, asayansi samadziŵa bwinobwino momwe Copaxone kapena Glatopa amagwirira ntchito, koma amakhulupirira kuti mankhwalawa amachititsa mapuloteni omwe amapanga myelin, potsirizira pake amasokoneza chitetezo cha mthupi kuti asamenyane ndi myelin yeniyeni.
Zotsatira zofala za Copaxone ndi Glatopa ndizochitika pa malo opangira jekeseni, mofanana ndi chithandizo cha interferon. Majekeseni oyendayenda ndi kugwiritsa ntchito compress yoyamba musanayambe jekeseni zingakhale zothandiza kuchepetsa zomwezo.
Komanso, pafupifupi 16 peresenti ya anthu omwe amatenga Copaxone kapena Glatopa amatha kuchitapo kanthu katemera komwe angayambitse zizindikiro zochititsa mantha monga mtima wothamanga kapena nkhawa. Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti zizindikirozi zimawoneka mkati mwa mphindi 15 ndipo sizikhala ndi zotsatira za nthawi yaitali.
Mankhwala ena othandizira matenda ndi Zinbryta (daclizumab).
Mankhwalawa ndi anti anti-molecular molekyu wotchedwa CD25 pa T-cells, omwe ndi maselo olimbana ndi matenda m'thupi lanu. Zinbryta akukhulupilira kuti amachepetsa matenda a MS mwa kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha T-maselo mu thupi lomwe amadziwika kuti amenyane ndi myelin mu MS. Zinbryta amaperekedwa kamodzi pa mwezi, pansi pa khungu. Chifukwa chakuti ali ndi vuto loopsa, matenda a chiwindi ndi matenda a chitetezo cha chitetezo cha m'thupi, Zinbryta akhoza kungoperekedwa kudzera pulogalamu yapadera.
Mankhwala Ochiritsira
Pali mankhwala asanu omwe amachititsa matenda a MS, omwe ndi njira yabwino kwa anthu omwe sangathe kulekerera jekeseni kapena anthu omwe MS akupitirizabe kupitilira ngakhale interferon therapy ndi / kapena Copaxone.
Gilyena (fingolimod) ndi mapiritsi atengedwa kamodzi patsiku. Amagwira ntchito makamaka poletsa ma chitetezo ena oteteza mthupi kuti achoke m'mimba. Popeza kuti T-maselo amamatira m'matumbo, sangathe kulowa mu ubongo ndi msana ndipo zimayambitsa zilonda .
Pali zotsatira zambiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi Gilyena monga mutu, chimfine, kutsegula m'mimba, ndi ululu wammbuyo.
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Mfundo pa Gilenya Osati Kukhala Woyamba MS Oral Therapy
Gilyena amachititsanso mavuto aakulu monga masomphenya, kupuma kapena chiwindi, ndi matenda. Chifukwa cha zomwe Gilyena angathe kuti adzichepetse mtima, kuyang'anitsitsa maola asanu ndi limodzi chiwerengero choyamba chikafunikila ku malo owonetsera thanzi.
Mankhwala ena omwenso amamwa mankhwalawa ndi Tecfidera (dimethyl fumarate) -mapiritsi amatengedwa kawiri tsiku ndi tsiku. Mankhwala awa amachititsa njira mu thupi lomwe nthawi zambiri limatsegulidwa pamene maselo akugwedezeka. M'mawu ena, zimateteza maselo, ngakhale kuti izi zikugwira ntchito mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi MS sizidziwika bwino.
Zotsatira zoyipa za Tecfidera zikuthawa, kunyowa, kutsekula m'mimba, ndi ululu wa mmimba. Zotsatira zovuta kwambiri zimaphatikizapo zotsatira zoopsa, kupititsa patsogolo kwa multifocal leukoencephalopathy (matenda oopsa a ubongo), ndi kuchepa kwa maselo ogonjetsa matenda.
Aubagio (teriflunomide) imatengedwa kamodzi pa tsiku ndipo ikhoza kupweteka mutu, kupukuta tsitsi, kutsekula m'mimba, kupweteka kwa magazi, kapena kuyesera magazi. Aubagio amagwira ntchito popondereza chitetezo cha mthupi, kotero chikhoza kukonzera anthu ku matenda.
Popeza Aubagio angayambitse chiwindi, dokotala wanu angayang'ane mayeso a magazi a chiwindi musanayambe kumwa mankhwala ndiyeno pambuyo pake. Aubagio ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a X, choncho sangagwiritsidwe ntchito pamene mayi ali ndi mimba kapena akukonzekera kutenga pakati.
Infusions
Lemtrada (alemtuzumab) ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa matenda a MS omwe amaperekedwa kwa masiku asanu mzere ndikutsatira masiku atatu mzere chaka chimodzi. Chifukwa chakuti pali machenjezo ambiri a FDA omwe amapezeka ku Lemtrada, angaperekedwe kudzera pulogalamu yapadera ndipo amasungidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi MS omwe sanayankhidwe mwamsanga mankhwala awiri kapena kuposa ena.
Wina wophatikizapo mankhwala ochiritsa matenda ndi Novantrone (mitoxantrone), mankhwala omwe amachititsa mankhwalawa omwe amaperekedwa miyezi itatu iliyonse. Kuphatikiza pa kuchiza mitundu ina ya MS , mitoxantrone ikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pochizira MS yowonjezera . Mitoxantrone ikhoza kuwononga mtima, kotero ikhoza kupatsidwa kangapo kangapo. Iyenso yathandizidwa ku chitukuko cha myeloid yamagazi a m'magazi (AML).
Njira yachitatu yomwe imaphatikizapo mankhwala ozunguza matenda a MS ndi Tysabri (natalizumab) , omwe amaperekedwa masiku 28. Zingathe kuchitidwa pokhapokha ngati zingakhale zovuta kuti pakhale vuto loti multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) ikhale yoopsa kwambiri .
Ocrevus (ocrelizumab) ndi mankhwala atsopano ovomerezeka a FDA, omwe amavomerezedwa kuti abwererenso MS ndi primary progressive MS (woyamba). Amapatsidwa ngati kulowetsedwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Monga anti-monoclonal anti-humanized antibody, Ocrevus amamanga molecule pa maselo a B omwe amatchedwa CD20, motero amachepetsa chiwerengero cha maselo B m'magazi a munthu. Kuwonjezera pa maselo a T, maselo B ndi mtundu wina wa maselo a chitetezo cha m'thupi omwe amakhulupirira kuti amachititsa kuti ineyo ndiwonongeke.
Zochiritso Zotsatira
Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti asayansi akuphunzira zambiri za MS tsiku lirilonse, lomwe limatanthauzanso kuti bukuli, mankhwala ochiritsira akuwoneka bwino. Mankhwala ena omwe angapangitse (ngati ma antibodies ena amodzi) ali m'maphunziro oyambirira. Njira zina zothandizira, monga kusamba kwa maselo osakanikirana ndi estriol , ndizovuta kwambiri chifukwa chakuti palibe maphunziro akuluakulu a sayansi omwe amayimitsa ntchito yawo.
Pomalizira, malo amodzi ofufukira ndi gawo la zakudya mu MS, kuphatikizapo vitamini D supplementation ndi mabatteria amtumbo . Ngakhale kuti palibe zakudya zenizeni (monga chakudya cha Swank) kuti anthu omwe ali ndi MS ayenera kutsatira mwatsatanetsatane, chakudya chopatsa thanzi chonse chomwe chimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri ndi ovomerezeka ndi National MS Society.
Kuchitira Zizindikiro
Pamene kuli kofunika kuti mukhale ndi mankhwala osinthidwa ndi matenda a MS wanu, nkofunikanso kuti mukhale otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito. Ndipotu, kulimbana ndi MS ndikochitika tsiku ndi tsiku kwa anthu ambiri, kufuna dongosolo loganiza bwino momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito bwino tsikulo polemera kwa zolephera zanu.
Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti pali mankhwala ochuluka othandiza munthu amene ali ndi MS kapena wokondedwa wake kumverera bwino ndi kusamalira zizindikiro zosasangalatsa kapena zolemetsa. Mankhwala awa ndi awa:
- Mankhwala
- Njira Zamoyo
- Njira zothandizira kukonzanso
- Njira zothandizira
Chizindikiro chimodzi chomwe chimapweteka kwambiri kwa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi MS ndikutopa -kuphatikizana konse, kosalekeza komwe kungapangitse ntchito zosavuta monga kuvala m'mawa kapena kuika maganizo pa filimu yovuta komanso yosasangalatsa. Koma pali njira zambiri zothana nazo, kuphatikizapo:
- Zochita zolimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse zowonjezera zosowa zanu mothandizidwa ndi wodwalayo
- Mankhwala othandiza maganizo monga yoga
- Kukhala ndi thanzi labwino la kugona monga kusunga ndendende mofanana tsiku lililonse
- Pewani kutentha
- Mankhwala monga Symmetrel (amantadine) , Provigil (modafinil) , kapena Ritalin (methylphenidate)
Monga kutopa, pali njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira zizindikiro zina zokhudzana ndi MS. Mwachitsanzo, kusinkhasinkha mankhwala othandizira angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza ululu wokhudzana ndi MS monga momwe zingathere mankhwala monga gabapentin chifukwa cha ululu wokhudzana ndi mitsempha ndi minofu yopumula kwa ululu wokhudzana ndi minofu ( spasticity ).
Kuwona katswiri kungathandizenso kuyang'anira zizindikiro zanu. Katswiri wa urologist kapena azimayi angathe kupereka uphungu kapena kupereka chithandizo chothandizira kusokoneza kugonana kwa MS, monga kupweteka kwa erectile kwa amuna kapena kuchepa kwa ubongo / clitoral sensation kwa akazi. Katswiri wa matenda a ubongo angathandize munthu amene akuvutika ndi chidziwitso . Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi MS omwe amafuna madivaysi othandizira kuyenda, wodwala komanso wathandi akhoza kuthandizira kupindula ndi kugwira ntchito panyumba panu ndi kuntchito.
Mawu Ochokera
Yesetsani kukhala oleza mtima pamene inu ndi gulu lanu lachipatala la MS mukutsatira njira yabwino yothetsera vuto-kuchepetsa kuchepa pakati pa MS pamene mukuchepetsa zotsatirapo ndi kukulitsa momwe mumamvera. Kumbukirani MS ndi matenda apadera, kotero chomwe chimagwirira ntchito kwa mnzanu kapena wokondedwa sichikhoza kukhala chabwino kwa inu.
Komanso, pamene matenda anu amayamba kapena kusintha pakapita kachiwiri, zizindikiro zanu komanso zosankha zanu zingasinthe. Yesetsani kukhala osasinthasintha komanso kulankhulana ndi katswiri wanu wamaganizo. Pitirizani kukhazikika mwamphamvu pa ulendo wanu wa MS.
> Zotsatira:
> Bloomgren G et al. Kuopsa kwa matenda a natalizumab omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi leukoencephalopathy. N Engl J Med . 2012 May 17; 36620): 1870-80.
> Burness CB & Deeks ED. Dimethyl fumarate: kubwereza kwa ntchito yake kwa odwala okhala ndi multiple sclerosis. CNS Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo . 2014 Apr; 28 (4): 373-87.
> Fazekas F et al. Kodi fingolimod (Gilyena) amawongolera bwanji njira yothetsera vutoli? Kutsogolo Neurol . 2013; 4: 10.
> Lycke J. Monoclonal antibody mankhwala ochizira kubwezeretsa-kutulutsa matenda ena ambiri: kusiyanitsa njira ndi zotsatira zachipatala. Adv Adv Neurol Disord . 2015 Nov; 8 (6): 274-293.
> National MS Society. Matenda othandiza kusintha kwa matenda a MS .
> Namjooyan, F., Ghanavati, R., Majdinasab, N., Jokari, S., & Janbozorgi, M. (2014). Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira komanso osakaniza mu multiple sclerosis. Journal of Medicine Complementary Medicine , Jul-Sep; 4 (3): 145-52.