Mankhwala otchedwa telangiectasia, omwe nthaŵi zina amadziwika kuti idiopathic juxtafoveal macular telangiectasia (ndipo amamasuliridwa kuti MacTel), ndi matenda omwe amachititsa mbali ya diso lotchedwa macula, kuonongeka kapena kutayika pakati pa masomphenya. Macula ndi gawo la retina, wosanjikizika bwino lomwe limayang'ana kutsogolo kwa diso. Macula imatilola kuti tikhale ndi masomphenya abwino, omveka bwino, omveka bwino.
Mankhwala a telangiectasia amachititsa matenda mkati mwa mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi yomwe imakhudza central fovea, pakati pa macula.
Mitundu
Pali mitundu iwiri ya telangiectasia ya macular, Type 1 ndi Type 2.
Gwiritsani ntchito telangiectasia ya macular 1, yomwe simukukhala yofanana, nthawi zambiri imakhudza diso limodzi. Mitsempha ya magazi mu macula imasungunuka ndi kupanga ma microaneurysms. Microaneurysms ndizochepa zomwe zimapezeka m'mitsempha ya mitsempha. Madzi akhoza kumanga m'dera la macular kuchititsa kutupa ndi kutaya masomphenya.
Mtundu wa telangectasia wa mtundu wa 2 ndi wofala kwambiri. Mitsempha ya magazi mu macula imasungunuka komanso imadzimadzimadzi amachititsa kutupa ndi kupweteka kumene kungachititse kuti masomphenya awonongeke. Nthawi zina mitsempha yatsopano imakula pansi pa macula, imakhudza macular photoreceptors ndi kuwonongeka kwa masomphenya. Mtundu 2 umakhudza maso onse ndi amuna awiri, mosiyana ndi mtundu woyamba, umene nthawi zambiri umakhudza diso limodzi.
(Mtundu wa 3 macular telangiectasia ulipo koma ndi wochuluka kwambiri.
Odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wa 3 amakonda kukhala ndi zombo zina zambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa mitsempha ya magazi.)
Zizindikiro
Odwala omwe ali ndi vutoli akhoza kukhala nawo kwa zaka zambiri popanda zizindikiro. Pamene matendawa akupita, mukhoza kuwona zotsatirazi:
- masomphenya olakwika
- masomphenya olakwika
- kusowa kwa masomphenya apakati
- kudumpha makalata kapena mawu
Kudziwa
Kuzindikira kwa telangiectasia ya macular kumapangidwanso pokhala ndi kafukufuku wamaso . Dokotala wanu wa diso adzayesa mayeso a Amsler Grid kuti aone ngati pali malo osokonezeka mu masomphenya anu apakati. Ophunzira anu adzasungunuka ndi madontho apadera a maso omwe amachititsa kuti macula ndi retina ziwonedwe. Angathenso kutenga zithunzi za digital retinal. Mayeso apadera a jekeseni ya jekeseni wotchedwa fluorescein angiography angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuti awone mmene magazi amayendera mkati mwa retina. Potsirizira pake, dokotala wanu adzachita mgwirizano wogwirizana ndi tomography (OCT), njira yatsopano yatsopano yoganizira momwe zimakhalire ndi maonekedwe a malo a macular.
Nkofunika kuti musasokoneze matendawa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa macular . Ngakhale zizindikiro zikhoza kukhala zofanana, zimachokera ku zinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Chithandizo
Chifukwa telangectasia ya macular imaonedwa kuti ndi yosavomerezeka, pali zambiri zomwe sitizimvetsa. Tikudziwa kuti odwala ena amafunika kuwunika mosamala ndipo sangasowe mankhwala. Ngati mitsempha ya mitsempha imayamba kutuluka mumadzimadzi ndipo imayambitsa kutupa ndi kupweteka, madokotala angagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ochizira kuti athetsere kutupa ndi kuchepetsa mavuto.
Nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito steroids pofuna kuchepetsa kutupa, ndipo mankhwala atsopano monga anti-VEGF (vasothe endothelial growth factor), akugwiritsidwa ntchito kuletsa kukula kwa zitsamba zamagazi.
MacTel Project
Palinso kafukufuku wamankhwala omwe akuyendetsedwa motchedwa MacTel. Cholinga cha polojekitiyi ndi chakuti chikhalidwechi chakhala chikukambidwa kwa zaka 25 zokha ndipo palibe zambiri zatsopano zomwe zilipo. Chifukwa ndi matenda osadziwika, nthawi zambiri amasowa ndi madokotala a maso. Tikuyembekeza kuti polojekiti ya MacTel idzatulutsa kuwala kwatsopano, ma genetic, kuzindikira, mankhwala atsopano komanso chithandizo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa.
Ophunzira mazana anayi awerengedwa ndikuyesedwa chaka ndi chaka, ndi achibale a anthu omwe akuyang'aniridwa.