Sialadentitis ndi kutupa kwa glands. Zili ndi zifukwa zambiri, kuphatikizapo matenda kapena obstructions. Sialadentitis ingakhale yachilendo (nthawi yayitali) chikhalidwe kapena matenda aakulu (nthawi yaitali). Nthawi zina zimapangidwanso ndi ndondomeko yeniyeni yomwe imakhudzidwa ngati submandibular kapena parotid.
Zovuta Sialadentitis
Zovuta kwambiri sialadentitis nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa matenda a bakiteriya.
Kawirikawiri zimakhudza chigoba cha parotid (chomwe chili patsogolo pa khutu) kapena submandibular gland (pansi pa khungu). Kutaya madzi m'thupi kapena pakamwa pakamwa ndizo zifukwa zazikulu zoopsa zomwe zimatsogolera ku sialadentitis. Choncho, vutoli ndilofala kwa anthu omwe ali kale odwala kapena omwe ali pa mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti pakamwa pakamwa . Kuonjezera apo, zifukwa zotsatirazi zamankhwala zimakuika pa chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi sialadentitis yovuta:
- matenda a shuga
- hypothyroidism
- Sjorgen's syndrome
- opaleshoni yaposachedwa
- mbiri ya mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsira ntchito pakamwa kapena pakamwa
Zizindikiro za pachimake sialadentitis zingaphatikizepo:
- ululu waukulu ndi kutupa kwa gland yomwe yakhudzidwa yomwe imabwera mwadzidzidzi
- Mafinya amatha kutuluka mumtengowo makamaka ngati chikhocho chimachotsedwa
- Kufiira kwa khungu pamtunda wokhudzidwa
- malungo kapena ziwombankhanga
- Gland ikhoza kumverera ngati mtanda wolimba ndikukhala wowawa kwambiri
Kuzindikira kuti ndi kovuta kwambiri sialadentitis kumachokera ku mbiri yakale yachipatala, zizindikiro zanu, ndi kukayezetsa dokotala.
Ngati dokotala amatha kupeza zitsanzo za mankhwalawa, akhoza kutumizidwa ku labotale kuti adziwe chomwe chikuyambitsa matendawa. Mfundoyi ndi yothandiza posankha njira yabwino yoperekera chithandizo. mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa kuti sialadentitis ikhale yovuta ndi Staphylococcus aureus, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya streptococcus.
Ngakhale zosavuta kwambiri, sialadentitis yovuta imayambanso chifukwa cha kachirombo ka HIV. Mavairasi omwe angayambitse vutoli ndi awa: mavairasi, mafinya, HIV, ndi Haemophilus influenzae. Matenda opatsirana sangachiritsidwe ndi maantibayotiki. Nthaŵi zambiri mumayenera kuchiza zizindikiro pamene mukuyembekezera thupi kuti likhale ndi HIV. Komabe, pakakhala zovuta kwambiri, mankhwala oletsa tizilombo angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mankhwalawa satchulidwa kawirikawiri chifukwa ambiri amakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa.
Zovuta za sialadentitis zingachiritsidwe ndi njira yoyenera ya maantibayotiki. Izi zikhoza kupindula ngati chikhalidwe chikupezeka. Nthawi zonse muyenera kumwa mankhwala opha tizilombo monga momwe mwalamulidwa ndi kutsiriza botolo lonse kupatula ngati dokotala wanu akuwuzani.
Kubwezeretsanso mkota woyenera ndiyenso kofunika kwambiri pakuchulukitsa mankhwala ovuta a sialadentitis. Izi zimapindula bwino mwakumwa madzi ambiri, kudya, kumwa, kapena kuyamwa pa zomwe zimapangitsa mphutsi kutuluka (mwachitsanzo, kutupa kwa chifuwa). Ngati mukumwa mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti mumve pakamwa, muyenera kuyankhula ndi dokotala wanu za kusintha kwa mankhwala osiyana kapena njira zina zomwe mungathetsere zotsatirazi.
Nthawi zovuta komanso zosavuta, zovuta kwambiri sialadentitis zingapangitse kupanga mapangidwe a abscess.
Ngati izi zikuchitika, abscess ikhoza kuyamwa opaleshoni.
Chronic Sialadentitis
Mosiyana ndi zovuta zapadera, sialadentitis yosapitirira nthawi zambiri imayambitsidwa chifukwa cha chitetezo kuposa matenda. Kulepheretsa kungayambidwe ndi miyala (salivary calculi) , minofu yamtundu kapena nthawi zambiri zotupa. Mosasamala kanthu koletsedwa kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa matayala ndi kutupa kwakukulu. Chronic sialadentitis nthawi zambiri imakhudza chigoba cha parotid.
Zotsatirazi ndi zizindikiro za sialadentitis osatha:
- Chikondi ndi kutupa pang'ono pa vutoli
- mtengowo ukhoza kukulitsidwa ndikuyamba kukula
- ululu mmalo mwa gland pamene mukudya
Chronic sialadentitis imapezeka mofananamo ndi mankhwala ovuta a sialadentitis koma amatsindika kwambiri kuti azindikire ndi kuthana ndi vuto lalikulu la sialadentitis. Kujambula ndi ultrasound kapena CT scan kungakhale kothandiza. Komanso pakapita kafukufuku wa dokotala ngati mankhwala okhudzidwawa akuphwanyidwa nthawi zambiri samakhala ndi mphasa.
Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a sialadentitis ndi chithandizo chomwe amachipeza chiyenera kuganiziranso kubwezeretsa vutoli. Ngati chitetezo chilipo, chiyenera kuchotsedwa opaleshoni. Ngati palibe mankhwala omwe amapezekanso amapezeka ndi hydration, massage, ndipo nthawi zina mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kutupa. Kupindula pa lozenges kapena madontho a chifuwa kungathandizenso kubwezeretsa mataya. M'njira zosaoneka komanso zoopsa za sialadentitis, mtundu wonsewo umatha kuchotsedwa opaleshoni.
Zofanana Zina
Pali zina zochepa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa kapena zingayambitse zizindikiro zofanana ndi sialadentitis. Dokotala wanu adzafunika kulamulira izi asanayambe kudziwa za sialadentitis ndikupempha chithandizo.
Chinthu chimodzi chimapezeka mwa ana ndipo amatchedwa parotitis nthawi zonse. Chifukwa cha matendawa sichidziwika koma kawirikawiri chimapezeka mwa ana amene nthawi zambiri amachokera nthawi yoyamba msinkhu. Matendawa amapezeka mobwerezabwereza m'matumbo a puloteni (kutukumula). Kutupa kumaphatikizapo zizindikiro zina kuphatikizapo malungo ndi malaise.
Chithandizo cha kawirikawiri katemera wa ubwana ali wofanana ndi wa sialadentitis. Kutentha kumaphatikizika pamtunda wotsekemera ndi kusasita kungathandize kulimbitsa phula limodzi ndi mavitamini abwino ndi zinthu monga madontho a chifuwa kapena madontho a vitamini C kuti aziyamwitsa. Maantibayotiki nthawi zina amatha kuuzidwa. Opaleshoni sizingafunike konse. Ndi zosiyana kwa mwana aliyense koma zigawo zingakhalepo miyezi ingapo ndikukhala masiku angapo kwa milungu ingapo.
Chikhalidwe china chogwirizana chimatchedwa sialolithiasis kapena salivary duct miyala. Monga tanenera kale vutoli likhoza kuchitika palokha kapena kutsogolera ku sialadentitis. Miyala yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa mchere imapangidwira ndi mchere womwe umapezeka m'matumbo, monga salt, mapuloteni ndi calcium carbonate.
Nthawi zina matayala amtengo wapatali amatha kugwedezeka (amamverera ndi dokotala wanu pa kafukufuku) koma nthawi zambiri amapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito ultrasound kapena CT scan. Miyala kawirikawiri imafunika kuchitidwa opaleshoni.
Ngakhale zosavuta kwambiri kuposa zomwe zili pamwambazi nthawi zina zimakhala zotupa (zowononga kapena khansa) zingayambitse ku sialadentitis. Izi zimapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito nsale ya singano kumene minofu imachotsedwa pa chotupacho ndikuyang'anitsitsa ndi microscope kuona ngati maselo ali ndi khansa kapena ayi. Zowonjezereka zambiri zomwe zimapezeka m'mayendedwe a salivary ndi abwino. Mosasamala kanthu kuti kukula ndi koopsa kapena koopsa kwambiri kukula kwa galasi kapena ducts ayenera opaleshoni kuchotsedwa.
> Zotsatira:
> Kusokonezeka kwa Gland Salivary. American Family Physician. Idasinthidwa mu June 2014. http://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0601/p882.html
> Mankhwala osokoneza bongo / Sialadenitis / Sialadenosis. Kusaka. Idasinthidwa pa January 2017. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/882358-kuwonetseratu
> Sialadenitis. Webusaiti ya NIH. Idasinthidwa November 2016. https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/7638/sialadenitis