Zenizeni zenizeni za imodzi mwa zozizwitsa zazing'ono
Zilonda zam'mimba ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ikuluikulu yambiri ya thupi, ndipo amadziwika bwino ndi omwe anakhalapo chisanadze katemera. Matumbo anali kachilombo kawirikawiri kamene kanali kotchedwa "masaya a chipmunk" omwe amatulutsa zilonda za parotid. Zilondazi zili pambali iliyonse ya nkhope yanu ndi secrete saliva kuti zithandize mu chimbudzi.
Tiyeni tiwone momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito komanso momwe matendawa amachitira.
Anatomy ya Parotid Gland
Muli ndi mapira awiri a parotid, omwe ali patsogolo pa khutu pamaso panu. Kuphatikiza pa ntchentche ya parotid, mumakhalanso ndi mitundu ina ikuluikulu yambiri, yomwe imatchedwa glands wongogwirizanitsa ndi submandibular. Zitsulo zonse zitatuzi zimakhala ndi chubu, chomwe chimatchedwa kuti chingwe, chomwe chimatulutsa phula kuchokera pakamwa mpaka pakamwa. Njira yomwe imatulutsa utoto wotchedwa parotid amatchedwa njira ya Wharton.
Ntchito ya Gland Parotid
Ntchito ya ntchentche ya parotid ndi zina zazikulu zazikuluzikulu ziwiri zimatulutsa ndi kusungunula saliva, chinthu chomwe chimathandiza kuchepetsa chakudya kuti chikhoza kudyidwa bwino. Saliva imathandizanso kuteteza mabakiteriya ndikuletsa zida.
Matenda a Parotid Gland
Pali mitundu yambiri ya zamankhwala yomwe imakhudza vutoli, kuyambira miyala mpaka matumbo.
Tiyeni tiyang'ane pa izi zilizonse.
Xerostomia (Mlomo Wouma)
Pamene matope a munthu samagwira bwino bwino ndipo amasiya kapena kutulutsa phula pang'ono, munthu amakhala ndi pakamwa youma - iyi imatchedwa xerostomia . Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa xerostomia kuphatikizapo mankhwala a radiation, matenda omwe amadziwika nawo omwe amatchedwa Sjogren's syndrome , kapena mankhwala monga antihistamines kapena chemotherapy .
Mlomo wouma ukhoza kusintha kwambiri moyo wa munthu. Zingakhudze kumeza, kulenga kumverera koyipa mkamwa, ndikupangitsanso munthu kumapiko. Chithandizochi chimaphatikizapo mphasa ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa kupanga mpeni.
Sialadenitis (Matenda a Bakiteriya a Gland Parotid)
Sialadenitis ndi matenda a bakiteriya omwe angakhudze ubongo wa parotid komanso gland ya submandibular. Kaŵirikaŵiri zimachitika pambuyo pochepetsako kutaya madzi kuchokera kumtengowo (kutsekera pang'ono) kumabweretsa matenda enaake m'thupi. Zizindikiro zikhoza kukhala kuphweteka kwa tsaya, malungo, kutupa, kupweteka ndi kudya, ndipo nthawi zina kukhalapo kwa pus kumayambira pa kutsegula kwa mkamwa mkamwa. Ambiri amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu, kapena mwa munthu amene akusowa madzi.
Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo maantibayotiki ndi kutentha kwapadera. Ena othandizira amalimbikitsa kutikita minofu ya parotid, koma izi zingakhale zopweteka. Kupindula pa lozenges kapena madontho a chifuwa kungayambitse kuthamanga kwa mitsempha ndikuthandizira kumvetsetsa matendawa. Ngati kachilombo kamakhala kosafulumira, chotupitsa chingapangidwe, chomwe chimafuna madzi.
Palinso mtundu wochuluka wa sialadenitis umene nthawi zambiri umakhudzana ndi cholepheretsa osati matenda a bakiteriya.
Sialolithiasis (Kumangidwanso kwa Gland Parotid Gland)
Chinthu chinanso chothetsera matenda amtundu wotchedwa sialolithiasis , ndi choletsedwa, chomwe chimakhalapo pamene mwala (calculus) umatsekereza chubu (njira ya Wharton) yomwe imanyamula matumbo pakamwa. Kuwonongedwa kumayambitsa kupweteka ndi kutupa pambali pa nkhope ya vutoli. Kusamwa madzi okwanira kapena kumwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa ndalama zamatumbo kungayambitse kupanga mwala.
Ngati kulekanitsidwa kumakhala chifukwa cha mwala, mankhwala oyamba angaphatikizepo kumwa zakumwa zamadzi, kuwasakaniza, ndi kuyamwa pa dontho la mandimu kapena vitamini C lozenge.
Ngati izi sizigwira ntchito, dokotala akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito chida kuti achotse mwalawo.
Mwala pafupi ndi kutsegula (pansi pakamwa) nthawi zina amachotsedwa pakamwa. Miyala yomwe imakhala yovuta kwambiri mu njirayi ndi yovuta kwambiri, monga kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo m'dera lino zingathe kuwononga mitsempha. Mankhwala ofanana ndi a impso, monga kuphulika kwa mawonekedwe a phokoso, kapena kutuluka kwa fakitale kungakhale kothandiza.
Ngati miyala imakhala yovuta komanso yovuta, chigoba cha parotid chiyenera kuchotsedwa, koma izi sizingatheke ngati zingatheke.
Zina zomwe zimayambitsa zowonongeka pamtundu wa parotid ndi:
- Manyowa a munthu amachititsa kuti tizilombo tiziyenda
- Kuphulika kwa dzino kuli chifukwa cha kusokonezeka
- Phukusi zamtundu kapena matupi achilendo omwe amalowa mumsewu
- Kachilombo (chotupa) kapena kutupa kwa mitsempha yotupa yomwe imatseka njira
Kutupa / Kutentha kwadzidzidzi kwa Gland Parotid
Pali mitundu yambiri ya matenda omwe angapangitse kukongola kwa chigoba cha parotid, kapena kupyolera m'kamwa kapena poyambitsa kutupa.
- Sjogren matenda
- Sarcoidosis
- Kumwa mowa
- Matenda a shuga
- HIV / AIDS
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (mankhwala ena angapangitse mfupa wambiri, monga ayodini)
Amamatira (Viral) Infection ndi Gland Parotid
Matenda a tizilombo omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'mimba amatha kukulitsa mazira a parotid. Asanayambe katemera wa m'chaka cha 1967, mitsempha inali matenda ofala kwambiri a ubwana, omwe amadziwika ndi "masaya a chipmunk." Kuphulika kumachitikabe nthawi zina, koma ndi zosavuta tsopano kusiyana ndi kale.
Ziphuphu Zogwiritsira Ntchito Gora
Udzu wamtunduwu ukhoza kukhalanso kukula kapena masulu, otchedwa zotupa. Ziphuphuzi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zonyoza osati zoopsa (khansa). Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ziphuphu zazing'ono zazikuluzikulu, komanso tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoipa. Matenda opweteka a parotid amakonda kukhala mucoepidermoid ndi adenocystic carcinomas, kapena adenocarcinomas.
Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Ngati Mukudandaula ndi Gland Yanu Yopanda Parotid
Ngati muwona kutupa kapena kuchepa pamatenda anu, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Kukhumudwa kwanu kungakuwonetseni kachilombo kapena mwala umene uyenera kuchitidwa, koma kutupa kwa parotid kungathenso kusonyeza ndondomeko ya matenda. Mukakuwonani dokotala wamkulu yemwe akukuthandizani, akhoza kukutumizirani dokotala, khutu, ndi pakhosi (ENT) kuti mudziwe zambiri.
Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri pa Glands Parotid
Zojambula za pamoto pambali iliyonse ya nkhope yanu zimapanga ntchito yofunikira popanga saliva, zomwe zimathandizira kuti chimbudzi chikhale chofewa, chimachepetsa pakamwa panu, ndipo chimachepetsa kubowoka kwa mano. Matenda ndi miyala m'zinthu za parotid zingafunikire kuchipatala, ndipo kutupa kwa mapulaneti a parotid kungapereke zifukwa zofunika pakupezekapo kwa mavuto ena azachipatala.
> Zotsatira:
> Maphunziro a American Academy of Otolaryngology-Mutu ndi Opaleshoni. Zithunzi Zopsa. http://www.entnet.org/content/salivary-glands
Kasper, Dennis L .., Anthony S. Fauci, ndi Stephen L .. Hauser. Mfundo za Harrison za Mankhwala a M'kati. New York: maphunziro a Mc Graw Hill, 2015. Print.