Ophthalmologists ndi optometrists omwe amadziwika kuti alibe chiwonongeko mwa kulamulira zina zomwe zimayambitsa masomphenya amasintha, glaucoma kapena astigmatism. Kufufuza molondola kumapangidwa mwa kuphatikiza kafukufuku wa chipatala ndi mayesero enieni monga retinal kujambula, angiography ndi optical coherence tomography.
Kuyesa Yoyesa ndi Zoyesedwa
Kuti muyang'ane matenda a macular , ophthalmologist kapena optometrist adzachita mayeso ochuluka a maso.
Mwakulitsa maso anu, dokotala wanu adzatha kuona maonekedwe a macula. Kuwerenga macula ndi ziwalo zina za diso kudzathandiza dokotala kuti adziwe zomwe zingayesedwe.
Kulimbana ndi diso loyang'ana
Dokotala wanu adzakulitsa ophunzira anu ndi madontho a diso kuti muwone msana wa retina wanu. Kupweteka kumapangitsa kuti dokotala athe kuyang'ana retina kuti awononge matenda ndi mitsempha ya optic. Kuyeza kwa retina kumathandiza dokotala kuti aone maonekedwe aakulu a macula.
Dokotala wanu angayang'ane mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nkhumba mu macula. Ndiponso, kusewera kumawoneka. Chiwombankhanga chimatanthawuza zida za chikasu zomwe zimapanga pansi pa retina.
Ophthalmoscopy
Nthenda yotchedwa ophthalmoscope ndi chida chogwiritsira ntchito kuyang'ana mkatikati mwa diso, makamaka retina. Zili ndi galasi lowonetsa kuwala m'diso ndi phando lalikulu lomwe diso limayesedwa.
Dokotala wanu adzatha kuona kuwonongeka kapena kusintha kwa retina ndi macula.
Fluorescein Angiography
Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira yojambulira dayi yapadera m'magazi, kenako kujambulirani kufalikira kwa dayi iyi m'diso lanu. Ngati zizindikiro za fulorosenti zikuwoneka, dokotala wanu angaganize kuti akuwuluka mitsempha ya magazi mu retina.
Kugwirizana Mogwirizana Tomography
Amatchedwanso OCT , mayesowa ndi njira ya optometrists ndi ophthalmologists kuti afanizire kumbuyo kwa diso lanu, kuphatikizapo macula, mitsempha ya optic, retina, ndi choroid. OCT ikhoza kudziwa malo a retina omwe akupukuta, kusonyeza kukhalapo kwa malo otentha. Mayeso a OCT amatha kusintha kusintha kwa retina mwatsatanetsatane kuposa chida china chilichonse.
Tonometry
Tonometry ndiyeso kuti muyese kupanikizika m'maso mwanu, kutchulidwa kuti intraocular eye (IOP). Kuthamanga kwa maso kumaso kungawononge tizilombo tolimba kwambiri kumbuyo kwa diso lanu, nthawizina kumabweretsa khungu.
Ngakhale kuti kuthamanga kwa diso sikukwanitsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji ndi kuundana kwa macular, kumachitika pofuna kuthetsa matenda ena, kuphatikizapo glaucoma. Izi ndi zofunika kuti athe kutsimikizirika kuti ngati masomphenya akutha kuchokera ku matenda a macular kapena mbali zina za diso.
Fundus Autofluorescence Imaging
Njirayi imagwiritsira ntchito thupi lachilengedwe la fluorescence kuti liphunzire retina. Zida zina m'thupi zidzatseguka pamene zidzatseguka. Gawo la diso losaoneka silimatuluka, lomwe lingasonyeze kuti akudwala matenda a macular.
Gulu la Amsler
Wogwiritsira ntchito matenda opatsirana amatha kukupemphani kuti muyang'ane grid ya Amsler. Galasi iyi ikuthandizani kuona zovuta kapena zobisika m'masomphenya anu.
Kudziyesa / Kuyezetsa Pakhomo
Kusintha mwadzidzidzi mu masomphenya anu kuyenera kuuzidwa kwa dokotala wanu, monga nthawi zina kusintha kungayambitse chiyambi cha kuvunda kwa macular. Anthu ena amazindikira zosagwirizana pamene akuyang'ana zinthu monga miniblinds kapena zinthu zina ndi mizere yolunjika. Zina mwa mizere ingapangitse apulo kukhala osokoneza kapena osagwirizana ndi mizere ina. Mukhoza kuyesa mwamsanga masomphenya anu kunyumba ndi galasi la Amsler.
Mmene Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Gulu la Amsler
Galasi la Amsler liyenera kusungidwa pamalo pomwe mudzaliyang'anitsitsa tsiku lililonse, monga pakhomo la firiji kapena pakhomo lachimbudzi.
Yang'anani pa gridiyima imakhala pafupi masentimita 12 mpaka 15 kutali. Onetsetsani kuti mukuvala magalasi anu owerenga mukamawasunga nthawi zonse.
Kuphimba diso limodzi, yang'anani mwachindunji pa dontho pakati pa gridi ndi diso lanu losaphimbidwa. Tawonani ngati mizere ina iliyonse ikuwoneka ngati ikuwongolera. Onetsetsani kuti muwone ngati mbali iliyonse ya gridiyi ikuwoneka mofiira, mdima, kapena mopanda malire. Tsopano yang'anani diso lanu lina ndikuyesa masomphenya anu mwanjira yomweyo.
Itanani ophthalmologist wanu kapena optometrist mwamsanga mukamawona kusintha kulikonse pa gridi. AMD amachititsa masomphenya kusintha pa nthawi. Kusamalira kusintha kumeneku kumathandiza kuchepetsa kapena kuteteza masomphenya ena. American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) wapereka galimoto yamtengo wapatali ya Amsler kuti mugwire bwino.
Sungani Mayeso Oyesero
American Academy of Ophthalmology imalimbikitsa kuti aliyense pakati pa zaka makumi asanu ndi makumi asanu ndi makumi asanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri azikhala ndi mayeso a maso ochuluka zaka ziwiri kapena zinayi kuti athandize kuzindikira AMD mwamsanga. Pofika zaka 55, akulu ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa diso lililonse mpaka zaka zitatu.
Chitsime:
Boyd, Kierstan. "Kusanthula kwa Macular Degeneration: Kodi AMD yapezeka bwanji?" American Academy of Ophthalmology, 1 Mar 2017.