Chodabwitsa Chofanana ndi Kusiyana
Mungadabwe kudziwa kuti pali mitundu yapadera ya multiple sclerosis. Pamene akugawana mbali zina, sayansi yawo, njira yawo, ndi zizindikiro zawo zingakhale zosiyana.
Kubwezeretsa-Kumakumbutsa MS
Kubwezeretsa-kutumiza MS ndilofala kwambiri, kumakhuza pafupifupi 85 peresenti ya omwe ali ndi MS. Mu mtundu uwu wa MS, munthu adzakhalanso ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi ubongo-izi zimatchedwanso kuti flares, bouts, masewera, kapena zovuta.
Akabwezereranso, akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti chigoba cha myelin chimapweteka kwambiri-chophimba chomwe chimateteza komanso chimayambitsa matenda a mitsempha. Mzere wa myelin umaloleza kulankhulana bwino, mofulumira pakati pa maselo a mitsempha, kotero pamene zowonongeka, mitsempha silingakhoze kuyankhulana bwino ndi zizindikiro za ubongo zimayamba.
Zizindikiro zenizeni zokhudzana ndi ubongo zomwe munthu amadalira zimakhala zogwirizana ndi malo omwe amabwerera mu ubongo kapena msana. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mitsempha ya optic ndiyo cholinga cha kubwezeretsa, munthu akhoza kukhala ndi ululu wa maso ndi kusokoneza maso. Ngati malo amtundu wa ubongo amakhudzidwa, munthu akhoza kuvutika kapena kusokonezeka.
Anthu ena amakhalanso ndi ubongo pambuyo pobwezereranso, kutanthauza kuti zizindikiro zawo zimasinthidwa. Ena amapindula pang'ono (kapena ayi). Zimasintha kwambiri ndipo zizindikiro zimatha masiku, ngakhale miyezi. Pamene matendawa akufalikira, anthu amayamba kubwezeretsanso, ndipo amakhala olemala.
Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti pali mankhwala angapo omwe amavomerezedwa pochiza MS-13 kuti abwererenso. Zonsezi zawonetsedwa mu maphunziro a sayansi kuti kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha kubwereranso ndi chiwerengero cha zilonda zatsopano pa MRI. Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi MS kachiwiri, ndikutheka kuti katswiri wanu wa zamagetsi adzalangiza kuyamba imodzi mwa mankhwala ochiritsira matenda nthawi yomweyo.
MS Primary Progressive MS
MS yopambana kwambiri ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi kubwezeretsa-MS. Kwa amodzi, amapezeka mofananamo kwa amuna ndi akazi-palibe kusiyana kwazimayi. Zimakhudzanso anthu a zaka zapakati pa 40 ndi 60, pamene MS yobwezeretsa kachiwiri imakhudza achinyamata, omwe ali ndi zaka za m'ma 20 ndi 30.
Kuonjezera apo, anthu omwe ali ndi MS apamwamba nthawi zonse amazindikira mavuto ndi kuyenda monga chizindikiro chawo choyamba. Mwachitsanzo, iwo amatha kuona chimodzi kapena miyendo yonse ikukoka kapena kukhala yolimba kapena yolimba. Izi zili choncho chifukwa, mu MS apamwamba kwambiri, matendawa amakhudza kwambiri msana, choncho mavuto a kuyenda, kugonana, ndi chikhodzodzo ndi matumbo amatha kulamulira.
Komanso, akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti sayansi ya MS yopambana yopambana ndi yosiyana ndi ya kubwezeretsanso MS. Pomwe mukubwezeretsanso MS, pali chitetezo cha mthupi chitetezedwa ku chitetezo cha mitsempha ( myelin ). M'masamba oyambirira a MS, pali kuwonongeka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mitsempha ya mitsempha, kukondweretsa njira yowonongeka, osati yotupa.
Ichi ndi chifukwa chake mankhwala ochiritsira matenda sakusowa kugwira ntchito (ndipo sali ovomerezedwa ndi FDA) kwa MS apamwamba kwambiri. Matenda othandizira odwala matendawa kutupa, zomwe sizikuchitika mwapang'onopang'ono MS.
Zomwe zikunenedwa, kwa anthu ena, pangakhale kusiyana pakati pa mitundu iwiriyi, kuchititsa kuti matendawa akhale opusa. Izi zikufotokozeranso chifukwa chake ena asayansi amatha kupatsira odwala awo mankhwala othandizira matenda, makamaka ngati kupindulitsa komweku kungapangitse zowawa zilizonse.
MS
MS amapita patsogolo pamene munthu amasintha kuchokera kubwerezanso (kubwezeretsa-kutumiza MS) kupita patsogolo pang'ono, pang'onopang'ono (monga primary progressive MS). Momwemonso, zithunzi za MRI ziwonetsanso zochepa zosiyanitsa zilonda (chizindikiro cha kutupa koopsa) ndi atrophy kapena kupweteka kwa mitsempha (chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka).
Ndizosangalatsa kuzindikira kuti kusintha kwa kubwezeretsa-kubwezeretsa ku MS yachiwiri yowonjezera ikhoza kuchitika mofulumira kapena pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kusinthika uku sikuli kovuta nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina munthu amayamba maphunziro a MS kuti apitirize kubwezeretsedwa ndi kachilombo katsopano pa MRI yawo.
Malingana ndi chithandizo, mitoxantrone ndiyo yokha ya FDA -vomerezedwa ndi matenda ochiza matenda kuti athetse MS. Zambiri mwazikuluzikulu zomwe zimayambitsa zotsatira zake ndizo zowononga mtima ndi mitsempha yambiri ya myeloid, khansa ya m'mafupa.
Kupitiliza-Kubwezeretsa MS
Mu 1996, MS wobwerera mofulumira poyamba anali kufotokozedwa ngati mtundu wa MS umene munthu amawongolera mofulumira kwa machitidwe awo a chiberekero kuyambira pachiyambi, komanso nthawi zina amabwereranso. Koma mu 2013, tanthawuzoli linasinthidwa-tsopano omwe poyamba anapeza kuti ali ndi MS omwe amayamba kubwereza akuyambanso kukhala "yogwira ntchito" kapena "osagwira ntchito" ("yogwira ntchito" kutanthauza kuti munthu pakadali pano akubwezeretsedwa kwa MS "osati yogwira ntchito "kutanthawuza kuti munthu sakukumbenso kubwerera).
Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambanso kubwezeretsa MS amakhala olumala mofulumira kusiyana ndi omwe ali ndi MS patsogolo (wina yemwe alibe kubwerera). Izi zikutheka chifukwa chakuti munthu amene amapitanso patsogolo mobwerezabwereza zomwe akukumana nazo zimabwereranso pang'onong'ono ya kupitirira kwapang'onopang'ono mu ntchito ya ubongo.
Matenda a Kachilombo Kachilombo (CIS)
CIS amatanthauza kuti munthu wakumana ndi zochitika zomwe zimayambanso kubwezeretsa kachilombo ka MS, komabe munthuyo sakupeza momwe angayang'anire MS. Kotero sizikudziwika ngati munthuyu apitilizabe kukhala ndi MS. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi CIS adzayambitsa matenda othandizira matenda, makamaka ngati katswiri wawo wa zamaganizo amakhulupirira kuti ali pachiopsezo chachikulu chotsiriza kukhala ndi MS.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngakhale kuti ndi bwino kumvetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya MS, chithunzi chachikulu apa ndikuzindikira kusiyana kwakukulu kwa MS monga matenda. Ngakhale mkati mwa mtundu womwewo wa MS, zizindikiro za munthu, kulemala, ubongo ndi msana, ndi momwe amamvera komanso kugwira ntchito tsiku lililonse ndizosiyana kwambiri.
Ichi ndi chifukwa chake nkofunika kuika maganizo anu pa machitidwe a MS omwe mukukumana nawo ndi kuchiritsa ndi dokotala ndi okondedwa anu. Kotero pamene mnzanu (mwa zolinga zabwino) akunena kuti ali ndi MS ndipo amatha kugwira ntchito nthawi zonse kapena munda tsiku lililonse, musamve chisoni. MS wanu ndi wosiyana ndi MS. Mvetserani thupi lanu ndipo mukhale achifundo kwa inu nokha.
Zotsatira:
Birnbaum, MD George. (2013). Multiple Sclerosis: Buku la Clinician la Kufufuza ndi Chithandizo, 2 Edition. New York, New York. Oxford University Press.
National MS Society. (2016). Mankhwala Osintha Ma MS .
National MS Society. Kupitanso patsogolo kwa MS.