Kuwongolera Maselo Opangidwa ndi Myelin Ndi Njira Yowonjezera ku MS Therapy
Masiku ano njira zochizira matenda osiyanasiyana zimakhudza chitetezo cha munthu. Ngakhale kuti apeza kuti kuchepetsa chiwerengero ndi mphamvu za MS kubwerera, palibe chithandizo cha MS, kotero kuti anthu apitirize kukhala olumala ngati matenda awo akupita.
Koma tsopano akatswiri akufufuza zachipatala zomwe zimalondolera myelin-chophimba chozungulira pafupi ndi mitsempha yamtundu wa MS.
Tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino ntchito ya myelin mu multiple sclerosis, ndi momwe kukonzanso kungabwezeretse mphamvu za thupi ndi kuchepetsa kapena kuimitsa MS mu njira zake.
Ntchito ya Myelin mu Multiple Sclerosis
Mu munthu wathanzi, maselo a mitsempha amatumiza maganizo kwa wina ndi mzake pamtenda wochepa womwe umagwirizanitsidwa ndi thupi la mitsempha. Zowonongeka izi zimatchedwa axons ndipo zimayandikana ndi mafuta, mafuta oyera omwe amatchedwa myelin. Kutumikira ngati chivundikiro choteteza kapena chitetezo, myelin imalola chidwi cha mitsempha kuti chiziyenda mofulumira komanso mofulumira.
Mu multiple sclerosis , maselo a chitetezo cha munthu amachititsa kuti myelin (ndipo potsirizira pake asokonezedwe) mu ubongo ndi / kapena msana. Kuukiridwa mobwerezabwereza kwa myelin kumadzetsa kuwombera. Pamene myelin ili ndi vuto, maganizo a mitsempha sangathe kulandiridwa bwino-iwo amayenda pang'onopang'ono kapena ayi. Potsirizira pake, zida zowonongeka (kutaya mphamvu zawo zogwira ntchito) chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwanga kwa myelin, zomwe zimayambitsa mitsempha ya mitsempha kufa.
Malinga ndi kumene kuli pakatikati zamanjenje, myelin imayesedwa, zizindikiro monga kusokonezeka kwa maganizo, mavuto a masomphenya, kuthamangitsidwa, ndi mavuto a chikhodzodzo amayamba kuwonekera. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake zizindikiro za MS zimasiyanasiyana kwambiri kuchokera ku munthu wina kupita ku mzake, chifukwa malo a zigawenga za myelin amasiyanasiyana mkatikati mwa dongosolo la mitsempha.
Kuphatikiza pa malo osokoneza machitidwe a chitetezo cha mthupi mu ubongo ndi msana, nthawi yowonongeka kumeneku ndi yodalirika-ngakhale, akatswiri adziwa zomwe zingabweretse mavuto monga vuto kapena postpartum period.
Kukonza Myelin: Njira Yotsatira mu MS Therapy
Ngakhale kuti mankhwala ochiritsira a MS omwe alipo tsopano akuwongolera momwe angapewere chitetezo cha munthu kuti asamenyane ndi myelin, tsopano asayansi akuyang'ana momwe myelin ingakonzedwe ikangowonongeka ndi chitetezo cha mthupi. Chiyembekezo ndi chakuti ngati myelin yakonzedweratu, ntchito yamagazi ya munthu ikhoza kubwezeretsedwa, ndipo MS ya munthu akhoza kusiya kuwonjezeka (kapena kuchepa).
Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kale kuti kusungira ndi kubwezeretsa myelin yomwe imayandikana ndizitsulo zingapangitse kupulumuka kwa mitsempha. Popeza kuti wolumala wokhudzana ndi MS ali ndi chiwerengero cha nerve cell death, pokonzanso myelin ndi kuteteza maselo a mitsempha, akatswiri akuyembekeza kuti tikhoza kuletsa kukula kwaumphawi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi MS.
Kusanthula kwa MS Research on Myelin Repair
Kafufuzidwe ka kubwezeretsa ntchito ndi kukonzanso myelin mu multiple sclerosis akadali kwambiri kwambiri. Ngakhale zili choncho, ndi zosangalatsa komanso zingakhale zoyandikira pafupi ndi kutha kwa MS kamodzi.
Phunziro linalake laling'ono lachiŵiri ku University of California San Francisco linaperekedwa pamsonkhano wapachaka wa American Academy of Neurology. Mu phunziro ili, mankhwala owonjezera opatsirana omwe amatchedwa clemastine anayesedwa kuti awone ngati angalimbikitse kukonza kwanga mu ubongo wa anthu omwe ali ndi MS.
Phunziro ili, anthu 50 omwe ali ndi MS komanso opaleshoni ya mitsempha ya optic anapatsidwa mankhwalawa kamodzi pa tsiku kapena mapiritsi a placebo kwa masiku 150. Pambuyo pa masiku 90 a masiku 150, ophunzira adasintha mankhwala, kutanthauza kuti omwe adalandira clemastine poyamba adalandira placebo ndi mobwerezabwereza.
Ophunzirawo anawona zochitika zomwe zimawoneka, zomwe zimayesa kutumiza kuchokera ku retina wa diso kudzera m'mitsempha ya optic kumalo owona-gawo la ubongo lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito mafano, kapena m'mawu ena, limatembenuza zomwe mumawona mu chithunzi chenichenicho.
Zotsatira zinawonetsa kuti kuchedwa kwa zinthu zomwe zinkasokonekera kunachepetsedwa ndi 1.9 milliseconds pa diso pa nthawi imene anthu akuchiritsidwa. Kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kufala kwa mitsempha kumasonyeza kuti myelin kukonzanso ikuchitika pamsewu wophiphiritsira wa mitsempha.
Chophimba chimodzi cha phunziroli ndi chakuti mlingo wa clemastine unali wapamwamba kusiyana ndi mlingo wautali umene nthawi zambiri umalimbikitsidwa, kotero n'zosadabwitsa kuti unayambitsa kutopa kwa ena.
Mankhwala Othandizira Kukonzekera Myelin M'mayesero Oyamba
Maphunziro ena oyambirira akulembera odwala kapena pakalipano akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe angathandize kulimbikitsa kukonza kwanga komanso kuteteza maselo a mitsempha m'katikati mwa mitsempha.
Mwachitsanzo, mayesero a Phase 1 (oyambirira) akupitilira onse Olesoxime ndi Guananbenz.
Guanabenz (mankhwala omwe kale adavomerezedwa ndi FDA kuti athetse kuthamanga kwa magazi) apezeka mu maphunziro a nyama kuti awonjezere kupulumuka kwa maselo omwe amachititsa myelin (otchedwa oligodendrocytes). Zapezeka kuti kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha maselo a mthupi omwe amasonkhanitsa mu ubongo ndi msana.
Olesoxime , yomwe poyamba inayamba kupanga mankhwala a amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , yapeza kuti zonsezi zimachepetsa kusasitsa kwa maselo a myelin mu ubongo ndi msana ndi kupititsa patsogolo kuyerekezera.
Quetiapine ndi antipychotic antiyytic yomwe yapezeka kuti yayamba kukonzanso katundu wa zinyama za MS. Amakhulupirira kuti amateteza ndi kuchititsa kukula kwa maselo a mitsempha omwe amachititsa myelin (oligodendrocytes) ndikuletsa maselo a chitetezo omwe amapezeka ku myelin ku MS.
Kuwonjezera pa kukonzanso myelin mwa anthu omwe ali ndi MS, ngati mankhwala oopsa a antipsychotic, angakhalenso ndi phindu linalake lothana ndi mavuto a maganizo ndi kusowa tulo mu MS. Kufufuza kwa chidziwitso ku MS kachiwiri-kubweza MS ndi MS patsogolo ikuyenda.
Mawu Ochokera
Lingaliro lakuti mankhwala angakhoze kulimbikitsa kukonza kwanga mukatikatikatikati mwa mitsempha yamakono ndi yosangalatsa. Zimasonyeza kuti ubongo ukhoza kudzikonzekeretsa, kubwezeretsa ubongo zomwe poyamba zinasokonezedwa kapena kutayika.
Izi zikunenedwa, izi zonse ndi zatsopano komanso zoyambirira. Kotero pokhala osangalatsa kwa ife a MS, yesetsani kukhala oleza mtima pamene kufufuza kumachitika.
> Zotsatira:
> Harlow DE, Honce JM, Miravalle AA. Kuchepetsa matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito multiple sclerosis. Kutsogolo Neurol. 2015; 6: 257.
> Nave KA. Kusamalidwa ndi kuthandizidwa kwa troph yaitali. Nar Rev Neurosci. 2010 Apr; 11 (4): 275-83.
> National MS Society. (April 2016). Antihistamine Akusonyeza Umboni Wokulimbikitsani Kukonzekera kwa Myelin mu Gawo Lachiwiri laling'ono la MS Study.
> Zhornitsky S et al. Quetiapine fumarate pochiza matenda ambiri: Ganizirani za kukonza kwanga. CNS Neurosci Ther . 2013 Oct; 19 (10): 737-44.