Zaka makumi angapo zaposachedwapa, anthu akhala akukonzekera kwambiri imfa ndi imfa. Pali zifukwa zosiyanasiyana za izi, koma owerengeka omwe angatsutsane ndi bizinesi ya "kufa" yakhala ikugulitsidwa ndikugulitsidwa. Pochita izi, anthu amayamba kukhala osasangalatsa kwambiri ndi maganizo awo enieni.
Kudya ndi gawo lopeweratu la moyo, monga BJ Miller, mkulu wa bungwe la Zen Hospice Project ku San Francisco, adalankhula momveka bwino m'mawu ake ovomerezeka a 2015 TED.
BJ Miller amalimbikitsa njira yaumunthu yokhala ndi chisamaliro chosamalidwa bwino, ndikuganizira za ubwino ndi chitonthozo m'malo mwa "matenda," kumene kuli malo, cholinga, komanso kuchepetsa kuvutika kosafunikira.
Kufa sikuyenera kuwonedwa ngati chinthu chomaliza cha moyo wanu. Kufa si chinachake choti chipirire mwa chete ndi kudzipatula. Anthu amafunika kuthandizidwa pamene akudutsa mu gawo ili la moyo. Chiyembekezo chochuluka chomwechi chidzakhala mwa iwo okha, ndi ulemu, chikondi ndi ulemu. Komabe, zipatala zambiri zomwe zimapereka odwala pafupi ndi kutha kwa moyo sizinapangidwe kuti zithandizire kusamalira. Kuwonjezera apo, anthu ambiri amafuna kusankha komwe amachitira komanso momwe amachitira, ndipo kawirikawiri izi siziri m'chipatala.
Zipangizo zamakono zamakono zatsopano zimapereka njira zothetsera thanzi lakumapeto.
Kupititsa patsogolo Kuyankhulana ndi Kulumikizana
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) inanena kuti anthu omwe ali pafupi ndi mapeto a miyoyo yawo nthawi zambiri amawonekera ndi kuchipatala mumasewera ambiri a zaumoyo.
Choncho, ndikofunika kuti mauthenga awo a umoyo athe kugawidwa bwino ndikusamutsidwa pakati pa malo osiyanasiyana, kuonetsetsa kuti pitirizani kusamalidwa. Mauthenga a zaumoyo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi (EHR) ndi machitidwe ena azachipatala amatha kuthandiza pulojekitiyi ndikupititsa patsogolo kuyankhulana pakati pa akatswiri osiyanasiyana, kuchepa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa ndi kupezeka kwapadera.
EHRs ingathandizenso kulankhulana ndi zofuna za munthu, komanso kukhala gawo la kukonzekera kwawo patsogolo. Kupeza mosavuta zofuna za wodwalayo kumatsimikizira kuti munthu pafupi ndi kutha kwa moyo (pamene sangathe kupanga zosankha) salandira chisamaliro chomwe chimasonyeza zomwe iye akufuna poyamba.
Mbali ina yofunika yowonongeka ndikutumizirana ndi kugawana maganizo. Anthu ambiri, kuphatikizapo akatswiri a zachipatala, samakhala omasuka kapena oyenerera kukambirana za mavuto omwe alipo ndi munthu wakufa komanso / kapena achibale awo. Thanzi la Diyeteri lingapereke zida zophunzitsira zomwe zimathandiza kuphunzitsa ndi kutsogolera onse wothandizira ndi wodwala kudzera m'mazokambirana ovuta. Popeza odwala ndi osowa awo nthawi zambiri amamva chisoni, magulu a anthu amakhala ndi mwayi wogwirizana ndi kuthandizana wina ndi mzake, m'maganizo komanso popereka chidziwitso ndi maphunziro. Magulu othandizira odwala akulowa m'madera odwala omwe ali pa intaneti, omwe angakhale othandiza kwambiri anthu omwe angakhale pamabedi awo. Chithandizo Chokhazikitsa Chithandizo Chodzichepetsa (CAPC) chimagwirizanitsa malo ochezera pa intaneti kuti akwaniritse chithandizo chamakono komanso chitukuko. Webusaiti yawo imapereka zida zophunzitsira ndi maphunziro, mipata yogwirizana ndi akatswiri padziko lonse, komanso thandizo lazothandiza.
Amayesetsa kuthandizira chisamaliro chapadera pa malo alionse owonetsa thanzi komanso amapereka deta yofananirana ndi malipoti okhudza mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana othandizira anthu.
Care Carealalative Care
Mafunsano ena ndi mayesero angathe tsopano kuchitidwa kutali. Poyandikira mapeto a moyo, nthawi zambiri munthu amafunikanso kukhala ndi gulu lothandizira lachilendo, lomwe lingaphatikizepo maulendo ambiri a kunyumba ndi kuchipatala.
Kuti musakhale womasuka-ndipo mwinamwake zosafunika-kuyenda ndi kutumiza, tsopano ndi kotheka kukwaniritsa zokambirana pokhapokha pakhomo ndi kumtonthoza kunyumba kwanu mwa kugwiritsa ntchito teleconferencing.
Telehospice yatchulidwa kuti ndi "malire atsopanowo a telehealthcare delivery". Kuyankhulana kwapadera monga telefoni kapena msonkhano wa kanema ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchita zina zomwe poyamba zimafuna kupita kuchipatala. Izi zimapanga gawo latsopano kuzinthu zowonongeka. Mwachitsanzo, ngati pali njira yoyenera, yopanda chithandizo yomwe wodwalayo amafunikira, namwino angaphunzitse osowa kunyumba kudzera pa kanema momwe angagwirire ntchitoyo.
Ntchito zogwiritsira ntchito telehealth zowonongeka zimayesedwa ndi odwala odwala omwe amakhala kumadera akutali. Zipangizozi zikhoza kuyeza zizindikiro zofunika ndikuperekanso kuwerenga kwa namwino, kotero odwala akhoza kuyang'anitsitsa pakapita maulendo a munthu kunja kwa chipatala. Bungwe la National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization (NHPCO) lapereka kale pepala lofotokoza njira zabwino zogwiritsira ntchito telehealth. NHPCO yakuyesera kufotokozera ubwino wambiri wogwiritsira ntchito telehealth mu chisamaliro chachilendo, kuphatikizapo kukhala ndi mwayi wowonjezera ndi khalidwe, komanso kukwera mtengo bwino. Komabe, amazindikiranso mavuto ena, monga ndalama, kusowa kwa ndondomeko zowonjezereka za polojekiti komanso kuchepa kwa ogwira ntchito othandizira pa telehealth. Kukonzekera kwa antchito kwakhala kowonjezereka ndipo kuyambitsidwa kwa misonkhano yakhazikitsidwa kwachepetsedwa m'malo ambiri. Atafufuza kafukufuku wa pulogalamu ya pulogalamu ya pulogalamu ya telehealth m'dera lachilendo, lolembedwa ndi Dr. Aileen Collier yemwe wakhala namwino wothandizira odwala m'madera osiyanasiyana, adasonyeza kuti zowonongeka ndi zothandizira ndizofunika kulandira. Komanso, ogwira ntchito zachipatala akunena kuti amawona chithandizo cha telefoni monga njira yowonjezeretsa ntchito zawo, koma osati ngati malo oti aziyankhulana maso ndi maso.
Telehealth yadziŵikanso ngati chithandizo chofunikira chatsopano mu chisamaliro cholera ana. Akatswiri ambiri amaona kuti ndi mwayi wopeza mabanja omwe amakhala kumadera akutali ndipo amavutika ndi malo awo. Mzipatala zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya telehealth zimalongosola nkhani zingapo zomwe mungakambirane pawongolera mavidiyo, mwachitsanzo, kuyang'anira matenda, kusamalira maganizo, komanso mapulani. Nkhani zomwe zingasokoneze mavuto ambiri chifukwa chosowa kumvetsetsa.
Zipangizo zamakono zatsopano zimatha kupereka zosamalidwa ndi kuthandizira ena omwe akufuna masiku awo omaliza mwanjira yovuta komanso yabwino. Ikhoza kuthandiza anthu pamapeto otsiriza a moyo, komanso mabanja awo ndi osamalira, ndi zina zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika m'tsogolo muno. Zipangizo zamakono sizingatheke kuti anthu asamalidwe bwino, koma m'malo momasula zothandizira kuti odwala ndi odwala athe kuganizira bwino zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri, munthuyo.
> Zosowa
> Armfield N, Young J, Young J, et al. Mlandu wokhudza telehealth yakumudzi mu chisamaliro chothandizira ana: njira yowonongeka. Bungwe la BMC Losamalira . 2013; 12-24
> Bishopu L, Flick T, Wildman V. Palliative care series series: Njira zabwino zogwiritsira ntchito telehealth mu chisamaliro chapamwamba. 2015. bungwe loona zachipatala komanso zolimbitsa thupi
> Bradford N, Armfield N, Smith A, Young J, Herbert A. Pulogalamu yamakono yothandizira pakhomo ndi thandizo la ana: Wachipatala akudziŵa za chimene chimatiletsa? . Bungwe la BMC Losamalira . 2014; 13 (1); 29
> Collier A, Swetenham K, Kwa T, Currow D, Tieman J, Morgan D. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa pulogalamu ya telehealth yoyendetsa ndege kumalonda othandizana nawo: Kuphunzira kwabwino kwa odwala. Palliative Medicine .2016; 30 (4): 409-417
> Institute of Medicine. Kudya ku America: Kupititsa patsogolo khalidwe ndi kulemekeza zokonda za anthu pafupi ndi mapeto a moyo . 2014.