Maselo ofiira ofiira, omwe amadziwikanso monga PRBCs kapena "maselo osungidwa", ndiwo mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poika magazi . Ngati wodwala akusowa magazi, pali mitundu yambiri yamagazi yowonjezera. Dokotala adzasankha kusankha mtundu wamagazi omwe adzalowe m'malo mwake.
Maselo ofiira ofiira amaperekedwa nthawi zina pamene wodwalayo wataya magazi ambiri kapena ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi lomwe limayambitsa zizindikiro zodabwitsa.
Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti akamalandira magazi, akupeza magazi athunthu chifukwa ndi zomwe amapereka pa galimoto. Magazi omwe amapereka, omwe amatchedwa "magazi athunthu," ali ndi plasma komanso maselo ofiira a magazi. Plasma ndi gawo lamadzi la magazi ndipo lili lowala kwambiri ndipo limapanga 55% ya magazi. Maselo ofiira amagawira 45% mwa magazi ndipo ndi ofiira omwe anthu ambiri amaganiza akamaganiza za magazi.
Magazi onsewa sagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatula ngati wodwala akusowa kuchuluka kwa magazi kuti athetse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa magazi. Mmalo mwake, maselo ofiira a magazi ofiira, omwe ali magazi athunthu osagawira gawo la plasma, amaperekedwa.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Maselo Ofiira Amagazi?
Maselo ofiira ofunikira ndi ofunikira kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino ndipo angathe kutayika chifukwa cha zoopsa (mfuti, ngozi ya galimoto), kutuluka m'magazi, kapena matenda odwala monga kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.
Maselo ofiira ofiira amachititsa mpweya kuchokera m'mapapo kupita ku matupi a thupi. Kuti mudziwe ngati kuikidwa magazi kuyenera kuperekedwa, kuyezetsa magazi kumatchedwa kuchuluka kwa magazi (CBC) .
Munthu amene amafunikira maselo ofiira amagazi nthawi zambiri amafooka ndipo amatha kutulutsa mpweya ndi ntchito yochepa. Asanayambe kuikidwa magazi, wodwalayo angaoneke wotumbululuka ndikumva wotopa.
Angathe kudzimva, amamva ngati mtima wawo uli "kuthamanga" kapena akuvutika.
Kutsekedwa kwa Magazi A Magazi Ofiira
Magazi onse sagwiritsidwa ntchito, m'malo mwake, chigawo chimene wodwala akuchifuna chimaperekedwa. Wodwala angalandire plasma, kapena atanyamula maselo ofiira a magazi, kapena ngati pali zofunikira zonse zikhoza kuperekedwa.
Pambuyo pothandizidwa magazi, zigawozo zimagawidwa mu centrifuge, kenaka kachilombo ka antiticagulant kamaphatikizapo kusunga maselo ofiira a magazi kuti asatseke. Mwazi umasungidwa mu firiji ndipo ndibwino kwa masiku pafupifupi 42 kuchokera tsiku lopereka.
PRBCs iyenera kufanana ndi wolandira, kutanthauza kuti mtundu wa magazi wa woperekayo ndi wolandirayo ayenera kukhala wogwirizana. Ngati magazi sakugwirizana bwino, zotsatira zake zingakhale zoopsa zowopsa, kotero kuti machesiwa amawunikiridwa kawiri ndi labata ndi ogwira ntchito osachepera.
Pafupifupi mmodzi mwa asanu ndi awiri alionse m'chipatala akudwala amafunika kuikidwa magazi. Mpata wofuna kuikidwa magazi ndi wapamwamba pamene mukuchitidwa opaleshoni, ndipo mukhoza kuuzidwa musanayambe njira yomwe mukufuna magazi. Odwala ena amakonda kupeŵa kuikidwa magazi ngati n'kotheka kapena kukhala ndi zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo zomwe zimaletsa kuikidwa magazi.
Pachifukwa ichi, opaleshoni yopanda magazi , gulu la njira zomwe zimathandiza odwala kupeŵa kapena kuchepetsera kufunikira kwa magazi nthawi zambiri zimachitikira odwalawa.
Chitetezo cha Kupha Magazi
Kuyezetsa kwakukulu kumachitidwa kuti tipewe magazi oipitsidwa kuti asadye magazi. Kuwunika koyambirira kumachitika pofuna kutsimikizira kuti woperekayo alibe mankhwala kapena makhalidwe omwe amachititsa kuti magazi asapereke nzeru. Woperekayo akuwonetsedwanso kuti ali ndi matenda omwe ali nawo, monga kutentha kapena chimfine kapena kukhala ndi matenda (chiopsezo chofalitsa matenda kwa wolandira). Mwazi ukatha, umayesedwa matenda opatsirana, kuphatikizapo chiwindi ndi HIV.
Magazi a ku United States ndi omwe ali otetezeka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, komabe, ngati muli m'dziko la United States, mlingo wa chitetezo ungasinthe. Kunja, mukhoza kukhala ovuta kupeza magazi (zoperewera zochepa), zoperekazo sizingatengedwe kukhala zotetezeka, kapena kuyesa sikungakhale kokwanira.
Mtengo wa Kuika Magazi
Kudulidwa kwa chigawo chimodzi (thumba limodzi) la maselo ofiira a magazi ofunikira akhoza kuchoka pa $ 522 mpaka $ 1,183. Chiwerengero cha mayunitsi omwe amapatsidwa kuikidwa magazi amatha kukhala paliponse kuchokera ku chipangizo chimodzi kwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda ochepa, mpaka makumi anai kapena makumi asanu kwa wodwala wodwala kwambiri amene akudwala magazi ndipo amwalira wopanda magazi mwamsanga.
Ngakhale ziri zoona kuti opereka ndalama salipira malipiro awo popereka magazi awo, kupatulapo mphatso ya chizindikiro kapena chotupitsa, magazi ndi ofunika kwambiri. Malipiro awa amathandiza kulipira antchito omwe amayendetsa magazi ndikupanga magazi, ndalama zoyendetsa, antchito a banki a magazi ndi aamwino amene amapereka magazi.
Zotsatira
Kuika Magazi Kunja Kwina. Magazi a Blood Care. http://www.bloodcare.org.uk/blood_transfusion_abroad.html
Phunziro Latsopano Lofalitsidwa Lapeza Ndalama Zoperekera Magazi Ndizofunika Kwambiri, Zimakhazikitsa Mtengo Weniweni pa $ 522 mpaka $ 1,183 Pa Unit. PR Newswire. http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/new-published-study-finds-the-cost-of-blood-transfusions-is-significantly-under-estimated-establishes-true-cost-at-522- mpaka-1183-unit-89909747.html
Mfundo Zokhudza Magazi. Amagazi Amagazi a America. http://www.americasblood.org/go.cfm?do=Page.View&pid=12