Kodi Anatomy ndi Ntchito ya Bronchus ndi Chiyani?
Kodi bronchus (kapena pleural, bronchi) ndi chiyani? Kodi matupi awo ndi otani, nanga ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chiti chomwe chingakhudze izi?
Tanthauzo: Bronchus
Bronchus ndi imodzi mwa nthambi zikuluzikulu za trachea zomwe zimatsogolera m'mapapo. Bronchi imayamba pamene trachea imagawanika kuti ikhale bronchi yoyenera ndi yomanzere (pempho la bronchus.) Bronchi, nayenso, amapita kumapapo onse.
Bronchi igawanika choyamba ku lobar bronchi ndiyeno patronary bronchi. Ziwiya zimenezi zimakhala zochepa pang'onopang'ono pamene zimagawidwa m'mabonchioles, bronchioles otchedwa bronchioles, mapewa a mpweya wotentha, matumba a alveolar, ndipo potsirizira pake amalowa mu alveoli komwe amatsitsirana mpweya ndi carbon dioxide.
Bronchi imakhala ndi minofu yosalala ndi makoma a karotila omwe amawapatsa bata.
Makhalidwe a Bronchi
Mkulu waukulu bronchus - Mkulu waukulu bronchus ndi wofupika komanso wokhoma kwambiri kuposa kumanzere, pafupifupi 2.5 mamita (pafupifupi 1 inch) m'litali. Zimagawanika kukhala mabononi ang'onoang'ono kuti alowe m'matumba atatu a mapapu abwino.
Kumanzere kwa bronchus - Kumanzere kwa bronchus kumakhala kochepa komanso kocheperapo kuposa bronchus yaikulu (pafupifupi 5 cm kapena 1.5 mainchesi.) Iyo imagawanika kuti ikhale lobar bronchi yomwe imalowa m'mapiritsi awiri a kumanzere.
Ntchito Yamakono
Bronchi imakhala ngati njira ya mpweya kuyenda kuchokera pakamwa ndi pamtunda, mpaka ku alveoli, ndi kubwerera ku chilengedwe.
Ngakhale kuti bronchi imangoganiziridwa ndi ziwalo za thupi kwa nthawi yaitali, tikuphunzira kuti akhoza kukhala ndi ntchito zina zofunika. Mwachitsanzo, zida za bronchi zimatulutsa mucous zomwe zimathandiza kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chikhale chofunika kwambiri, podzipatulira komanso kusokoneza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Zomwe Zikugwirizana ndi Bronchi
Matenda ena omwe angaphatikizepo bronchi. Zina mwa izi zimaphatikizapo zigawo zina m'mapapu, ndipo zina zimangokhala ku bronchus ndi pang'ono. Izi zingaphatikizepo:
Bronchitis - Kachilendo kaŵirikaŵiri ka bronchitis ndi matenda a bronchitis ndi kutupa kwa minofu ya bronchi. Matendawa ndi amodzi mwa matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asaphedwe ku United States.
Kutsekemera - Ngati chinthu chachilendo chimakanizidwa mwangozi, nthawi zambiri chimakhala chimodzi mwa bronchi. Kutsekemera kungakayikiridwe pa x-ray ndi maonekedwe a mapapo kupyola chisokonezo. Kawirikawiri bronchoscopy imafunika kuchotsa thupi lina kunja.
Khansara Yam'mimba - Matenda ena a khansa amapezeka m'makoma a bronchi, makamaka zotupa monga khansara ya m'mapapo ya m'mapapo ndi khansa ya m'mapapo . M'mbuyomu, mitundu iyi ya khansara inali yofala kwambiri. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, mapapu adenocarcinoma, chotupa chimene chimakula mozungulira pamapapo kutali ndi mpweya ndi njira yowopsa kwambiri ya khansa ya m'mapapo. Anthu ena amaganiza kuti khansa pafupi ndi mlengalenga ndi yofala kwambiri asanayambe kusuta ndudu, ndipo zotsalira zikanakhala mumsewu woyamba.
Mosiyana, ndi kuwonjezera kwa zosakaniza, poizoni angapangidwe kwambiri m'mapapu kumene adenocarcinomas amapezeka.
Nthenda ya mphumu - Nthenda ndi matenda omwe amadziwika ndi mkokomo wa bronchi , womwe umalepheretsa kuyenda kwa mpweya kuchokera ku chilengedwe mpaka ku alveoli m'mapapu. Pakati pa mankhwala ena, mphumu kawirikawiri imachiritsidwa ndi bronchodilators - mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito kuchepetsa bronchi ndikuthandizani kuwongolera.
Ndondomeko Yophatikizapo Bronchus ndi Bronchi
Bronchoscopy - bronchoscopy ndi njira yomwe chubu (yotchedwa bronchoscope) imayikidwa kudzera pakamwa ndi mu bronchi.
Mankhwala a bronchoscopy akhoza kuchitidwa kuti azindikire zizindikiro monga chifuwa chokhazikika kapena kukakamira magazi, koma angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda ena, monga kutuluka m'madzi, kapena kuchotsa thupi linalake.
Njira yamakono yotchedwa endobronchial ultrasound imayambitsanso matenda a khansa yamapapo ndi matenda a m'mapapo. Pa bronchoscopy, pulogalamu ya ultrasound (endobronchial ultrasound) ikhoza kuchitidwa kuti ayang'ane minofu yomwe ili m'mapapu oposa mapiri akuda. Pamene chotupa chiripo, nthawi zina singano imatha kuchitidwa motsogoleredwa ndi endobronchial ultrasound, zomwe zimapangitsa kupeza minofu ku chotupa popanda kufunikira kutsegula kwa mapapu otseguka.
Kutchulidwa: bron-kus
Zitsanzo: Jim anauzidwa kuti khansa yake yamapapu inali pafupi ndi tsinde lake lakumanja la bronchus.
> Zotsatira:
> National Library of Medicine. MedlinePlus. Bronchitis Yosatha. Kusinthidwa 04/21/17. https://medlineplus.gov/chronicbronchitis.html