Mtunduwu ndilo chubu lalikulu la mpweya lomwe limachokera ku lachitsulo (liwu la mawu) kupita ku bronchi (ulendo waukulu pamapapo).
Chikhalidwe
The trachea amapangidwa ndi mphete ya cartilage ndipo pafupifupi 4 mainchesi yaitali ndi 1 inch muyeso.
Ntchito
Mtsinjewu umakhala ngati njira yoperekera mpweya wochuluka kuchokera ku dera la mawu ku bokosi lalikulu (bronchi) lomwe limalowa m'mapapo.
Zochitika Zamankhwala
Matendawa amatha kutenga mankhwala m'zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Ena mwa awa ndi awa:
- Tracheitis - Tracheitis ndi matenda a trachea omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya Staphylococcus aureus. Ambiri mwa ana aang'ono ndipo amatha kupuma mosavuta.
- Thupi lachilendo lachilendo - Izi zimachitika pamene thupi lachilendo limapuma (aspirated) kudzera pakamwa ndikukhala mu trachea. Ambiri mwa ana ang'onoang'ono, koma amakhalanso okalamba, kapena omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chochepa chifukwa chake.
- Khansara yotchedwa Tracheal - Cancer ya trachea ndi yosavuta. Mankhwalawa amachititsa kuti nthawi zambiri azikhala osuta fodya.
- Matenda otchedwa tracheoesophageal fistula - Kawirikawiri, njira yosazolowereka yotchedwa fistula ikhoza kukhala pakati pa trachea ndi mayopu. Izi zikachitika, chakudya chimene chikudutsa pamatope chimalowa mu trachea, kenako mapapo. Izi zikhoza kuchitika ngati khansa ilipo, makamaka khansara yam'mimba yomwe imathetsa makoma a trachea kulola kuti njirayi ikhale yosazolowereka. Kwa ana, tracheoesophageal fistula ingapangidwe pamodzi ndi mapangidwe osakwanira a esophageal atresia. Pafupifupi ana amodzi mwa ana 4,000 amabadwa ndi izi. Mwamwayi, izi tsopano zathandizidwa ndi chithandizo cha timu yothandizira ana omwe ali ndi luso.
- Tracheal stenosis - Pamene mankhwalawa awonongeka, kupweteka kumatha kuyamba ndipo trachea ikhoza kuchepetsedwa.
- Tracheobronchomalacia - Tracheobronchomalacia ndi chizoloŵezi chosavuta kwambiri chomwe chiwongolero chimagwera paokha panthawi yopuma ndi chifuwa. Amapezeka nthawi zambiri monga vuto la matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD) ndipo amatha kupezeka ngati vuto la endotracheal intubation-kawirikawiri nthawi yayitali. Kwa ana, zikhoza kukhalapo kuchokera ku kubadwa ngati matenda omwe ali ndi zovuta zina.
Ndondomeko
- Kuthana ndi mankhwala - Pamene chifuwacho chimachepetsedwa chifukwa cha kudulidwa ndi kutupa, zida zikhoza kuikidwa zomwe zimatsitsa trachea.
- Endotracheal intubation - Pamene wodwalayo sangathe kupuma payekha, monga nthawi ya opaleshoni yowonjezera, phokoso lokhazikika likhoza kuperekedwa kudzera pakamwa ndi pamtambo. Pambuyo pake chubuchi chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi makina otulutsa mpweya kuti mpweya uzichitika.
- Tracheostomy - Tracheostomy ndi njira yopaleshoni yomwe imakhala yotsekemera.tube imayikidwa mwachindunji mu trachea. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene mphuno kupyolera m'mphuno kapena pakamwa ndi phokoso lakumapeto sizingatheke, kapena ngati panthawi yowonjezera mpweya amafunika kuthandizira (monga ngati munthu akudziŵa nthawi yayitali komanso chosowa.) Zina zomwe zingathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi tracheostomy kuphatikizapo zotupa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphepo iwonongeke, epiglottitis, kupwetekedwa mtima ndi khoma lachifuwa, kapena kuvulala kwa msana. Kuphatikiza pa kupereka mpweya wabwino, tracheostomy ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchotsa zobisika kuchokera ku airways.
Komanso ngati: windpipe
Zitsanzo: Chifuwa cha Joe chinali kuwonjezereka pa masabata angapo apitawo, ndipo oncologist wake adapeza kuti khansara yake ya mapapu yayamba kufalikira pamtunda wake.
> Zotsatira:
> Chikumbutso cha Memorial Sloan-Kettering Center. Kuthamangitsidwa Kwambiri. Chiwongola dzanja
> National Cancer Institute. SEER Training Module. Larynx ndi Trachea. https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/respiratory/passages/larynx.html
> Chipatala cha Seattle Children's. Matenda otchedwa tracheoesophageal fistula ndi esophageal atresia. http://www.seattlechildrens.org/medical-conditions/chromosomal-genetic-conditions/tef-and-ea/
> US Library of Medicine. MedlinePlus. Tracheitis. Kusinthidwa 02/07/18. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000988.htm