Zosokoneza sizinayambika chifukwa chokha
Urticaria, kapena ming†™ oma, ndi mtundu wamba wa chiphuphu chomwe chimadziwika ndi mapangidwe otukuka, ofiira, owopsa pa khungu. Zomwe zimayambitsa ming†™ oma zimakhala zosiyana ndi munthu wina. Ngakhale kuti urticaria nthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsidwa ndi zakudya zowonjezera zakudya, mankhwala, ndi zina zotukitsa, zingakhalenso ndi zovuta zomwe zimayambitsa matenda monga matenda, matenda, matenda amodzi, komanso poizoni.
Mavuto ena ndi adiopathic, kutanthauza kuti chifukwa chake sichidziwika.
Urticaria ikhoza kumenyana ndi wina aliyense mosasamala za msinkhu, chikhalidwe, ndi mtundu. Zikuoneka kuti pakati pa 15 peresenti ndi 23 peresenti ya akuluakulu amatha kukhala ndi urticaria imodzi mu nthawi yawo yonse.
Zotsatira Zosokonezeka
Chifuwa ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha urticaria . Zimayambika pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chimayankha mwachilendo kwa chinthu chopanda kanthu ndipo chimasefukira thupi ndi mankhwala opweteka otchedwa histamine .
Pamene kutuluka kwa histamine kumayambitsa matenda a rhinitis ndi zizindikiro zina za kupuma kapena m'mimba, palinso nthawi zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma capillaries apitirire kutulutsa mopitirira muyeso ndikumasula madzi amkati m'matenda ozungulira. Izi zikachitika, kutupa kwadzidzidzi komweku kudzachititsa kuti tizilombo timene timadziwika bwino ngati timing'oma.
Pali zifuwa ziwiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi urticaria:
- Kuwopsa kwa zakudya , makamaka nkhumba, mtedza, mazira, tirigu, zipatso zatsopano, chokoleti, ndi soya
- Zilonda za mankhwala osokoneza bongo , kuphatikizapo zomwe zimayambitsa maantibayotiki (monga cefaclor), anticonvulsants, antifungals (monga clotrimazole), aspirin, codeine, dextroamphetamine (ogwiritsira ntchito ADHD), ibuprofen, morphine, sulfonamides, katemera
Nthawi zambiri, ming†™ oma ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi zoterezi monga mungu, pet dander, kuluma kwa tizilombo, latex, kapena nickel.
Ming'oma yambiri yomwe imayambitsa matendawa imatha kudzisungira yokha pamene zovuta zowononga (allergen) zichotsedwa.
Ming'oma yodziwika bwino, yokhudzana ndi zakudya ndi poizoni wa chakudya cha scombroid momwe histamine imapangidwira monga nsomba ikuyamba kuwononga. Mbiri ya histamine yomwe imatuluka mthupi imayambitsa chakudya "pseudoallergy" ndi zizindikiro monga kutsekula m'mimba, zipsinjo, ndi ming'oma yambiri.
Zotsatira Zathupi
Urticaria ndi kachigawo ka ming'oma komwe khungu limathamangitsidwa ndi chilengedwe chakuthupi kapena chakuthupi monga chimfine, kutentha, kupanikizika, kuthamanga, kukangana, ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Ngakhale vuto la urticaria silikudziwika, limakhulupirira kuti ndilo lingaliro lokhalokha lomwe thupi limatulutsa mapuloteni otetezera, otchedwa autoantibodies , kuti athane ndi ziwalo zina zachibadwa.
Ngakhale izi zingayambitse kutentha komweku komwe kumawoneka ndi ming'oma yowopsya, maonekedwe a ming'oma kawirikawiri ndi osiyana kwambiri. Nthaŵi zina, amangoti azikhala m'malo amtundu wokhawokha. Kwa ena, kufalikira kwaponse kungachititse kuti magazi ayambe kuthamanga mofulumira komanso zizindikiro monga kupweteka kwa mutu, kuthamanga, kuwonetseratu bwino, komanso kutaya.
Chifukwa kuti urticaria imakhulupirira kuti imayenderana ndi autoimmunity (osati kugwidwa ndi chiwongosoledwe chakunja), vutoli ndilolitali ndipo lingathe kukhalapo kwa zaka zingapo.
Mwa mitundu ina yozolowereka (ndi yochepa) ya urticaria:
- Aquagenic urticaria ndi ming'oma yosawerengeka yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi madzi.
- Cold urticaria ndi mawonekedwe osadziwika omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha kuzizira.
- Urticaria yotchedwa Cholinergic , yomwe imadziwikanso ndi kutentha kwa kutentha, imayamba chifukwa cha kutukuta kwambiri komanso kutentha kwa khungu.
- Dermographism urticaria imayamba chifukwa cha kukangana kapena kukomoka kwa khungu.
- Kupweteka kwa urticaria kumachitika pamene kupanikizika kwakukulu kumachitidwa khungu (monga kunyamula thumba lolemera la thumba pamapewa anu).
- Dzuwa la urticaria limayamba chifukwa cha kuwala kwa ultraviolet (UV).
- Vibratory urticaria imayambitsidwa ndi mtundu uliwonse wa kugwedeza (kuphatikizapo kutchera udzu kapena kukwapula)
Kusokonezeka maganizo
Kuphatikiza pa kukhumudwitsa thupi, nthawi zambiri nkhawa zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chitukuko kapena kuwonjezeka kwa ming'oma yam'tsogolo. Kachiwiri, chifukwa chenichenicho sichidziwika, koma akukhulupirira kuti kutulutsa mahomoni opweteka monga cortisol angakhale ogogoda chifukwa chomwe chimayambitsa ming'oma chikuwonekera.
Kotero, kupanikizika sikungakhale "chifukwa" ming†™ oma koma m'malo kapena kusintha kapena kukulitsa yankho lokhazikika. Chitsanzo chimodzi chotere ndi urlinaria yotchedwa cholinergic yomwe imayambitsa kupweteka kwa kutentha.
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
Urticaria yopangidwira thupi ndi mawonekedwe apadera omwe sagwirizana ndi cholinergic urticaria. Kawirikawiri zimapezeka pamene wina amatha kudya zakudya zopangira chakudya, monga tirigu kapena nkhono. Kuchita paokha sikungayambitse ming'oma.
Mofanana ndi urticaria, kupulumutsidwa kwa cortisol ndi mahomoni nthawi yochita masewero olimbitsa thupi kumawoneka kuti kumawonjezera chakudya chochepa kwambiri, kuwonjezera mbiri ya histamine komanso kuyankha kotupa. Nthawi zina, izi zingachititse kuti pakhale zoopsa zowopsya-zomwe zimachititsa anaphylaxis.
Matenda ndi Matenda
Pali matenda ena omwe amagwiritsa ntchito urticaria.
Izi ndi zoona makamaka kwa ana aang'ono omwe 80% mwa mng'oma amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a tizilombo. Kutsegulira kwa chitetezo cha mthupi kumayambitsidwa ndi chinthu chophweka ngati chimfine. Ming†™ oma amayamba kukula mkati mwa sabata imodzi ndipo nthawi zambiri amathetsa sabata kapena awiri popanda mankhwala.
Palinso matenda ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ming†™ oma, zambiri zomwe zimakhalapo ndi zina zomwe zimagwirizana ndi matenda kapena malungo. Zikuphatikizapo:
- Matenda a impso (CKD)
- Dermatitis herpetiformis , vuto lodzimadzi la khungu lokhudzana ndi matenda a celiac
- Hashimoto's thyroiditis , matenda omwe amadzimadzimitsa okha omwe amagwira ntchito yotsika kwambiri ya chithokomiro
- Helicobacter pylori , matenda omwe amabwera m'mimba
- Chiwindi cha chiwindi cha B , chiwindi cha chiwindi
- Chiwindi cha chiwindi cha matenda a chiwindi, matenda aakulu a chiwindi
- Lupus , matenda osokoneza thupi (thupi lonse)
- Lymphoma , mtundu wa khansa ya magazi
- Matenda a m'mimba a Parasitic, monga Giardia lamblia ndi Anisakis simplex
- Polycythemia vera , khansara yosala pang'ono ya mafupa
- Matenda a nyamakazi , nyamakazi yodwala nyamakazi
- Matenda a Sjogren , matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amakhudza zofiira zopangira chinyezi
- Thirani shuga 1
- Vasculitis , kutupa kwa mitsempha ya mitsempha yomwe imakhala ndi zifukwa ziwiri zomwe sizimayimirira
Njuchi zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi matendawa zimakhala zachilendo kapena zimapitirirabe malinga ngati matenda omwe akuyambanso asatengedwe.
Ming'oma yambiri, nthawi zina imatha kuchitika ndi matenda a tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena tizilombo monga coxsackievirus , strep throat , komanso phazi la wothamanga .
> Zotsatira:
> Griffiths, C .; Barker, J .; Bleiker, T. et al. Rook's Bookbook of Dermatology (9th ed). West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Ana; 2016.
> Lee, S .; Ha, E .; Je, H. et al. Kukula ndi Kuopsa kwa Urticaria Poganizira za Urticaria Yachikhalire mwa Ana. Kutsekula kwa mphumu ya Immunol Res . 2017; 9 (3): 212-19. DOI: 10.4168 / aair.2017.9.3.212.
> Schaefer, P. Urticaria Yachilendo ndi Yachilendo: Kufufuza ndi Chithandizo. Am Phys Physician. 2017; 95 (11): 717-724.