Ngakhale zizindikiro za urticaria (ming†™ oma) zingamawoneke ngati zooneka bwino, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolakwika pakhungu zina monga eczema, rosacea, ndi pityriasis rosea. Koma, mofanana ndi momwe chilengedwe cha urticaria chiriri chodziwika, kotero, ndizo, zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro za kuthamanga kwa khungu.
Zomwe zimatchedwanso magudumu (kapena kuzizira), ming†™ oma imatha kusiyana pogawidwa ndi maonekedwe awo koma zimadziwika ndi zowopsya, zimatulutsa khungu pamtambo womwe uli wofiira kapena khungu.
Zizindikiro Zowonjezereka
Urticaria imayamba chifukwa cha kutupa komwe kumayambitsa ma capillaries mu dermis (mndandanda wa minofu pansi pa khungu lakunja) kuti amwe madzi. Izi zikachitika, kusungunuka kwa madzimadzi kudzabweretsa malo omwe amamera khungu limene lidzapitirire mpaka madzimadzi atha kubwezeretsanso m'maselo oyandikana nawo.
Njuchi zili ndi makhalidwe omwe amawasiyanitsa ndi zikopa zina :
- Malo okwezeka a khungu ali ndi malire ofotokoza.
- Mukakanikizira mphutsi, idzakhala "blanches" (imatembenuka yoyera).
- Adzakhala achinyengo, nthawi zina molimba kwambiri. Pangakhale ululu kapena kutentha.
- Iwo amatha kuwonekera paliponse m'thupi ndikusintha mawonekedwe, kusuntha, kuthawa, ndi kubweranso nthawi yayitali.
- Akathetsa, khungu lidzabwerera kumalo opanda chilema.
- Ambiri sadzatsatiridwa ndi machitidwe monga fever, khunyu, minofu, kupweteka pamtima, kapena kupweteka mutu.
Urticaria amadziwika kuti ndi yowopsya kapena yachilingo malingana ndi nthawi ya mphukira. Ming'oma yamakono imatha masabata osachepera sikisi, pamene ming'oma yambiri imakula bwino kuposa milungu isanu ndi umodzi.
Ambiri a urticaria amapezeka kwambiri kwa ana ndi achinyamata. Ambiri amadziwika ngati adiopathic, kutanthauza kuti sitikudziwa chifukwa chake.
Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa; zilonda za munthu aliyense zimatha kuthetsa okha mwa maola angapo. Kutuluka kwa mphutsi kawirikawiri kumatenga masiku angapo, ngakhale kuti kumatha milungu yambiri. Ngati vuto limapezeka, nthawi zambiri limagwirizana ndi matenda, tizilombo toyamwa tizilombo, kapena zakudya kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Nthawi zambiri urticaria , mosiyana, nthawi zambiri amafunika kuchipatala. Mu phunziro limodzi la 2014, 75 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi ming'oma yamakono anali ndi zizindikiro zomwe zinakhalapo kwautali kuposa chaka, pamene 11 peresenti anali ndi zizindikiro zaka zisanu kapena kuposerapo. Pa theka la milandu, wothandizirayo sanapezeke.
Urticaria imadziwika kuti idzakhudza anthu 20 peresenti ya anthu ndipo idzachita mosasamala za msinkhu, mtundu, kapena chikhalidwe. Njuchi zambiri zimapezeka madzulo kapena m'mawa atangomuka. Kuwotcha kumakhala koipira usiku, nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa tulo.
Zizindikiro ndi Mtundu
Kugawidwa ndi ming'oma ya maonekedwe kungafanane kwambiri. Zina zikhoza kufalikira, pamene zina zikhoza kufalikira kapena kuchepa kwachitsulo chimodzi, chaching'ono. Kuwoneka kwa mng'oma nthawi zina kumatipatsa chitsimikizo pa chifukwa chomwe chimayambitsa.
Mwachitsanzo:
- Cold urticaria , chifukwa cha kutentha kwa kutentha, kawirikawiri imakhala ndi masentimita makumi asanu ndi limodzi mu inchi ndi kukula kwake komwe kuli kofiira kapena khungu. Kutaya kungatheke ngati zikuluzikulu za khungu zimakhudzidwa.
- Urlinaria ya cholinergic , yomwe imadziwikanso ndi kutentha kwa kutentha, imayambitsidwa ndi thukuta kwambiri ndipo idzawoneka ngati zilonda zazing'ono kwambiri zozunguliridwa ndi moto wofiira. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi chinthu chofala.
- Dermographism urticaria imayambitsidwa ndi khungu lolimba la khungu ndipo lidzawonetseredwa ndi ming'oma pamodzi ndi mzere wothandizira. Mankhwalawa amatha kuoneka mphindi zisanu kapena 10 mutatha kulankhulana ndipo nthawi zambiri amawonongeka mkati mwa mphindi 10 mpaka 15.
- Kupweteka kwa urticaria kumayambitsidwa ndi kupanikizika kulikonse pa khungu, kuphatikizapo zovala zolimba kapena kuima pamapazi kwambiri. Zikuwoneka ndi kuphulika kwamphamvu, komwe kumakhala kofiira komwe kumakhala kofiira, kovuta, ndipo mwinamwake ngakhale kupweteka pang'ono.
- Dzuwa la urticaria , lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet (UV), lidzawoneka m'malo amodzi khungu, kawirikawiri pasanathe mphindi zochepa. Kuthamanga kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri ndipo kudzawoneka "kukwiyitsa" ndi nthawi yofiira kwambiri ndi kutentha kwambiri. Mofanana ndi chimfine cha urticaria, kupweteka kumachitika ngati ming'oma ikufala.
- Vibratory urticaria ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi mtundu uliwonse wa kugwedeza (kuphatikizapo kukwapula kapena kukwera galimoto yamoto). Zimakhala zosakhalitsa, zikuwoneka ndikuthawikira mkati mwa ola limodzi. Ngakhale kuli kovuta kusiyanitsa ndi maonekedwe okha, ming†™ oma yamtunduwu nthawi zina imakhala ndi zizindikiro zosazolowereka monga kupweteka, kupweteka mutu, kuwona masomphenya, kapena kukoma kwachitsulo m'kamwa.
- Madzi a urticaria (aquagenic urticaria) ndi ming'oma yosawerengeka yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi madzi. Ming'oma imakhala yaing'ono ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala pamtunda, thunthu, ndi manja. Mofanana ndi urticaria yogwedeza, imayamba kubwera ndikupita mkati mwa ola limodzi.
Zizindikiro Zambiri
Kawirikawiri, urticaria ikhoza kutsogolera kwambiri, thupi lonse lomwe limayambitsa matenda otchedwa anaphylaxis . Anaphylaxis kaŵirikaŵiri imayamba chifukwa cha kuyankha kwa hyperallergic komwe kumayambitsa kukula kwa ming'oma, angioedema (chikopa chokhudzana ndi chikopa chomwe chimakhudza minofu yambiri), ndi zizindikiro zazikulu za kupuma.
Zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu azitha kudwala matendawa ndi zakudya, mankhwala, katemera, ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ngakhale kuti zina sizidziwika. Zizindikiro za anaphylaxis ndizo:
- Ming'oma yambiri ndi angioedema ndi khungu loyera
- Kukopa, kukunkha, ndi kupuma
- Kuthamangitsa kuyamwa ndi kupuma pang'ono
- Kutupa kwa milomo ndi / kapena lirime
- Kufulumira kapena kusagwirizana kwa mtima
- Chizungulire kapena kumutu
- Mimba imagwa
- Nsomba, kusanza, ndi kutsekula m'mimba
- Misozi yamphongo
- Kulepheretsa kupuma kumapita kumalo osokoneza ndege
- Kusokonezeka
- Kumverera kwa chiwonongeko chomwe chikubwera
- Kutaya ndi kugwa
- Kugonjetsa
Ngati sapanda kuchiritsidwa, anaphylaxis amachititsa mantha , asphyxiation, coma, mtima kapena kupuma, komanso imfa.
Nthawi Yomwe Muwone Dokotala
Ngati ming†™ oma simakhala yovuta popanda zizindikiro zina osati kuyabwa, nthawi zambiri mukhoza kuchigwira kunyumba . Ambiri adzathetsa maola angapo mpaka masiku angapo. Ngati izo zikupitirira kwa oposa sabata kapena zikuyamba kuipa, muwone dokotala mwamsanga momwe zingathere.
Ngati zizindikiro zanu zimakhala zachizolowezi komanso zosadziwika, funsani dokotala wanu kuti atumize dermatologist yemwe angathe kuyesa mayesero kuti adziwitse zomwe zingayambitse kapena wovomerezeka yemwe angayang'ane ngati pali vuto lina lililonse. Dokotala wanu nayenso angafunike kufufuza matenda opatsirana (monga hepatitis B ) kapena matenda omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asatenge matenda (monga Hashimoto's thyroiditis ) omwe mumng'oma wambiri amapezeka.
Koma, ngati ming'oma ikukumana ndi zizindikiro monga kupuma kupuma, kufalikira, kuperewera kwa mtima, ndi kusanza, imbani 911 kapena wina akakufulumizeni ku chipinda chapafupi chapafupi.
> Zotsatira:
> Ferrer, M ;; Bastra, J ;; Gimenez-Arnau, A. et al. Kusamalira urticaria: osati kovuta kwambiri, osati mophweka. Zomwe Amayi Ambiri Amakhulupirira. 2014; 45 (4): 731-43. DOI: 10.1111 / cea.12465.
> Schaefer, P. Urticaria Yachilendo ndi Yachilendo: Kufufuza ndi Chithandizo. Am Phys Physician. 2017; 95 (11): 717-724.