Anaphylaxis ndi mtundu waukulu wa zovuta zomwe zimafala chifukwa cha zakudya , mankhwala , ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda . Zili ndi modzidzimutsa, zikupita patsogolo, ndipo zitha kupha moyo. Muyenera kuyendetsa mwamsanga epinephrine (adrenaline) kuti musiye kuchitapo kanthu ndipo mudzafuna chisamaliro chapadera kuchipatala. Pambuyo pa nthawi ya anaphylaxis zizindikiro zanu zidzawonekeratu kotero kuti mutha kuzipewa ndipo muyenera kunyamula epinephrine autoinjector ngati mukubwereranso.
Thandizo Loyamba ndi Thandizo Labwino
Chifukwa anaphylaxis ikhoza kukhala yowopsa, muyenera kuzindikira zizindikirozo ndi kuchiza ngati chithandizo chamankhwala. Njuchi, kutupa, ndi kuwomba ndizo zizindikiro zambiri.
Itanani 911 ndikuyang'anira Epinephrine
Itanani 911 kuti muwayankhe mwamsanga mankhwala. Ngati muli ndi epinephrine injector, muyenera kuchigwiritsa ntchito poyamba chizindikiro cha zizindikiro, musanakhale ovuta. Zachiwiri zingathe kupulumutsa moyo pa anaphylaxis.
Ngati mukuthandiza munthu amene akuchitapo kanthu, funsani epinephrine autoinjector. Ngati mulibe jekeseni, anthu omwe akuyankha mofulumira angathe kupereka epinephrine. Pali mitundu iŵiri yofala ya autoinjectors-EpiPen ndi Auvi-Q.
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito EpiPen pa munthu yemwe ali wosayenerera, tsatirani izi.
- Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti musachibwerere kumbuyo, chomwe ndi kulakwitsa kwakukulu ndipo mumatha kupiritsa jekeseni m'chiuno chanu m'malo mwa chiuno.
- Chotsani chipewa chachitetezo kumbuyo kwa chipangizochi
- Pewani kumapeto kwa ntchentche kumapeto kwa ntchafu ya munthu ndikugwirapo kwa masekondi khumi. Ndi bwino kuzipereka kwachindunji khungu, koma mungayambe kupyolera mu zovala ngati kuli kotheka.
- Padzakhala singano yowonekera yomwe imachokera kumapeto akuda pambuyo pa jekeseni. Gwiritsani ntchito chisamaliro kuti musamamatire nokha. Tulutseni mosamala mu chidebe chowombera pambuyo pake (omvera oyenera ayenera kukhala nawo).
An Au-Q ndi chipangizo chooneka ngati timagulu ting'onoting'ono ta makhadi a ngongole. Zimagwiritsa ntchito mau ofulumira kuti awonetsere momwe angagwiritsire ntchito molondola komanso kupewa nkhonya za singano.
Jekeseni imodzi yokha kuchokera ku autoinjector ingakhale yosakwanira kuimitsa anaphylaxis. Muyenera kubwereza mlingo pambuyo pa mphindi zisanu kapena 10 ngati zizindikiro zoopsa zikupitirira, ndipo mukhoza kupereka mwamsanga ngati pakufunika.
Epinephrine (adrenaline) ndiyo njira yokhayo yothandizira anaphylaxis. Antihistamines makamaka amachepetsa zizindikiro monga ming†™ oma ndi kuyabwa, ndipo mphumu yotchedwa mphma inhalers idzakuthandizani kusintha zizindikiro za kupuma, koma sipadzakhalanso anaphylaxis.
Pamene akudikirira anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli, munthu yemwe ali ndi vutoli ayenera kugona pansi ndi kukweza miyendo. Izi zimathandiza kusunga magazi kumtima pamene anaphylactic isokonezeka. Munthuyo angapitirize kukhala pansi ngati akuvutika kupuma kapena kusanza ndipo muyenera kumulola kuti akhale pamalo abwino, ndi miyendo ikuluikulu ngati n'kotheka. Wothandizana naye ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kupuma kwa munthu ndikupuma ndi kupereka CPR ngati pakufunika.
Chotsani Allergen
Chinthu chofunikira chofunikira choyamba chothandizira kuchipatala ndicho kuchotsa mavuto. Zopweteka zimatha kupitilira ngati thupi lonse likulowa m'thupi.
Kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, fungulo ndilo kuchotsa mbola mwamsanga. Ngati mbola yayitali m'thupi, ndiyomwe idzachitikire. Ngati allergen ndi zamtengo wapatali, monga poizoni ivy kapena poizoni oak, muyenera kusamba khungu mwamsanga. Pankhani ya zakudya kapena mankhwala omwe amamwa, palibe zambiri zomwe mungachite kupatula kuti musapitirize kutenga wogwira ntchitoyo.
Pitani kuchipatala
Pambuyo poyambitsa epinephrine, nkofunika kupita kuchipatala chodzidzimutsa kuchipatala kukayesa. Pano madokotala ndi anamwino angathe kukuwunika bwino ndikupatsanso chithandizo ngati mukufunikira.
Kuphatikiza pa epinephrine, mukhoza kupatsidwa oxygen, mazimayi IV, IV antihistamines ndi cortisone, komanso beta-agonist monga albuterol kuthandiza kupuma ndi kuletsa kuyankhidwa. Pa milandu yoopsa, mumatha kuvulala kapena kukhala ndi chithandizo chodzidzidzimutsa chomwe chimapangidwa kuti mutenge mpweya m'mapapu anu.
Inu mudzasungidwa kuti muwone maola angapo chifukwa ndizotheka anaphylaxis kubwerera. Pali kuthekera kwa mavuto a mtima, makamaka kwa anthu oposa zaka 50 ndi omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima.
Palinso mavuto ena omwe angafanane ndi anaphylaxis. Mwachitsanzo, kuukira kwa mphumu, kupsezedwa kwa mantha, kapena kupweteka kwa mtima kungakuchititseni kuti mukhale ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi anaphylactic reaction. Malingana ndi mbiri yanu, kuyezetsa thupi, ndi chipatala, adokotala angafune kuthetsa zina mwazimenezi.
Malemba
Mudzapatsidwa ndondomeko yowonongeka ya anaphylaxis musanayambe kutuluka kuchipatala mutatha kachilombo ka anaphylaxis. Izi zidzakutsogolerani momwe mungazindikire zizindikiro ndi masitepe omwe mungachite mukamawawona.
Epinephrine Autoinjector
Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala a epinephrine autoinjector (EpiPen kapena Auvi-Q) kuti mutenge nawo nthawi zonse. Ndikofunika kudzaza mankhwalawa nthawi yomweyo. Nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kuti mukhale ndi autoinjectors awiri chifukwa 20 peresenti ya anthu amafunikira jekeseni umodzi kuti asiye anaphylaxis. Kwa mwana, muyenera kugwira ntchito ndi sukulu pa ndondomeko yothandizira kulumikiza autoinjector pakufunika. Injector iyenera kutetezedwa ku kuwala ndi kusungidwa mu chidebe chake chakunja. Sitiyenera kukhala firiji. Muyenera kufufuza nthawi zonse kuti mutsimikize kuti yankho lanu liri lomveka bwino komanso losasintha ndipo lizikhala m'malo mwake ngati likutembenuka ndi bulauni kapena likhale losalala kapena lopanda pake.
Kuyezetsa Kwambiri ndi Kuyesedwa
Pambuyo pa nthawi ya anaphylaxis, dokotala wanu angakupangitseni kuti muyesedwe kapena kuyesedwa. Mutha kutchulidwa kwa wotsutsa. yemwe ndi katswiri wa zachipatala mu zofooka ndi anaphylaxis. Mwinamwake adzayesa kuyezetsa khungu ndi kuyezetsa magazi kuti adziwe ngati muli ndi zovuta zenizeni ndi zomwe njira yabwino yothandizira kuti muteteze matenda a anaphylaxis. Wokonda zowonjezereka akhoza kukuthandizani antihistamines kapena corticosteroids monga chithandizo chamakono amtsogolo. Ngati muli ndi mphumu, matenda aakulu, kapena matenda a mtima, dokotala wanu adzagwira ntchito ndi inu kuti azitha kulamulira bwino pamene izi zimapangitsa kuti mutha kufa pa anaphylaxis.
Immunotherapy
Wokonda zowonjezereka angakulimbikitseni kuteteza thupi (kuthamanga kwazitsulo) kuti muteteze zomwe zimachitika m'tsogolomu. Izi zimapezeka zokha zowopsa kwa tizilombo komanso osati zifukwa zina. Maphunziro a tizilombo ta tizilombo ta tizilombo ta zaka zisanu akhoza kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo chanu cha m'tsogolomu.
Moyo
Kupewa zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsa anaphylaxis ndi gawo la dongosolo la mankhwala. Komabe, zina zomwe zimayambitsa, monga magulu ena odyera, zingakhale zovuta kuzipewa.
- Chakudya: Nthawi iliyonse chakudya chimabweretsa anaphylaxis, chiyenera kuchotsedwa ku zakudya. Mungafunike kuphunzira kuwerenga ma labelle ndi kukhala hypervigilant pofunsa za kukonzekera ndi zokongoletsa zakudya kutali ndi kwanu.
- Kuweta / tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Kuvala zovala zoteteza ndizofunikira kuti tipewe mtundu uwu wa anaphylaxis. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuvala nsapato zatsekedwa, zovala zamanja zam'manja, zipewa, komanso osamwa kuchokera kumabwalo otseguka kunja.
- Mankhwala: Muyenera kuzindikira kuti mankhwala ali ndi mayina osiyanasiyana ndipo amapangidwa ndi ojambula osiyanasiyana. Chotsatira chake, ndikofunikira kuti musaphunzire mankhwala omwe mumakhala nawo mwachindunji komanso mankhwala omwe ali nawo komanso mayina awo ndi ma generic.
Muyeneranso kuganiziranso kuvala chibangili cha mankhwala. Ngati mutapezeka kuti simumvera, anthu omwe akukumana ndi vuto lachidzidzidzi akhoza kuzindikira kuti mwakhala mukudwala anaphylactic ndipo angakupatseni chisamaliro choyenera komanso mofulumira.
> Zotsatira:
> Boyce JA, Assaad A, Burks AW, et al. Malangizo Othandizira Kuzindikira ndi Kusamalira Chakudya Chakudya ku United States: Lipoti la Panel Expert Panel Expert Panel. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology . 2010; 126 (6 0): S1-58. lembani: 10.1016 / j.jaci.2010.10.007.
> Campbell RL, Kelso JM. Anaphylaxis: Chithandizo Chodzidzimutsa. Zaposachedwa. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/anaphylaxis-emergency-treatment.
> Simons FE, Ardusso LR, Dimov V, et al. Bungwe la Worldergyergy Organisation Anaphylaxis Malangizo: 2013 Kukonzekera kwa Evidence Base. Int Arch Zozizira Immunol 2013; 162: 193-204.