Siliva yapadera ya epinephrine kuti imwetse anaphylaxis ndi zoopsa zoopsa
Anaphylaxis ndizoopsa kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda oopsa omwe angapangitse pakangotha mphindi zochepa kuti awonongeke. Nthawi zina zimakhala zotchuka (mwachitsanzo, kuyamwa zakudya zina kapena mankhwala, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kapena kuchita masewero olimbitsa thupi ), ndipo nthawi zina kusadziwika kwenikweni sikudziwika.
Chithandizo cha mkhalidwe wowonongekawu umafuna jekeseni mwamsanga wa epinephrine mu minofu ya munthu, makamaka pakati pa ntchafu yawo.
Mwachikhalidwe, epinephrine auto -jectjectors (otchedwa EAIs), monga EpiPen, alamulidwa ndi madokotala kwa odwala omwe ali pangozi ya zotsatira za anaphylactic.
Koma galimoto ina ya epinephrine yayamba. Mu June 2017, US Food and Drug Administration inavomereza chingwe cha epinephrine chodziwika yekha chomwe chimatchedwa Symjepi chifukwa chochiritsidwa kwa anaphylaxis.
Ngakhale kuti si buku lenileni kapena mankhwala apadera-akadali epinephrine-Symjepi amapereka njira ina ku EpiPen yachikhalidwe, ndipo ikhoza kukhala choloweza chololedwa.
Chifukwa chimodzi ndi chakuti ndizochepa kuposa Epipen, kotero zimatha kuchitidwa m'thumba kapena chikwama. Koma chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndikuti akatswiri akuganiza kuti Symjepi adzakhala wotsika mtengo, omwe amatenga ndalama zambiri pachaka pa EpiPens yawo.
Momwe Symjepi (Epinephrine) Amachitira Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis ingakhudze ziwalo zingapo m'thupi, kuphatikizapo khungu, mapapo, mtima, ndi matenda.
Izi zingachititse zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana monga:
- Kuwopsya kwakukulu ndi kuthamanga khungu (mwachitsanzo, mng'oma )
- Kutupa kwa nkhope, milomo, pakamwa, kapena lirime
- Kupuma
- Kuvutika kupuma
- Kusokonezeka
- Kupweteka m'mimba
- Kutsekula m'mimba ndi kusanza
- Kukula kwa mtima mofulumira
- Lightheadedness ndi / kapena kugwedezeka (kuchokera ku kutsika kwa magazi)
Mbali yowopsya ya anaphylaxis ndi yakuti imatha kutsogolera mtima, pamene mtima uleka kugunda.
Cholinga cha Symjepi (epinephrine) monga mankhwala oyamba a anaphylaxis ndikuteteza zotsatira za vutoli. Kuti tichite izi, epinephrine imamangiriza zipika ziwiri zomwe zimapezeka m'matumbo mu thupi lonse, lotchedwa alpha-1 receptors ndi beta-2 receptors.
Pogwiritsa ntchito mapuloteniwa, epinephrine imachepetsera mitsempha ya thupi m'thupi, ndipo izi zidzatulutsa magazi. Amachepetsanso kutupa pammero, m'kamwa, ndi m'mimba komanso kumatulutsa mpweya wa munthu, kotero amatha kupuma mosavuta. Pomaliza, epinephrine amachepetsa kutulutsa zinthu zotupa monga histamine kuchokera m'maselo omwe amatetezedwa ku chitetezo cha mthupi, otchedwa maselo a mast.
Mmene Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Symjepi (Epinephrine) Pa Anaphylaxis
Mosiyana ndi EpiPen, yomwe imayambitsa injini, Symjepi ndi syringe-silinda yodzaza ndi 0.3mg ya epinephrine yomwe ili ndi singano yomwe ili pambali pake. Pa syringe yosakanizidwa ndi njira ziwiri zowerengera mosavuta momwe angapatsire mankhwala pavuto ladzidzidzi.
Munthu akhoza kudzipereka yekha kapena munthu wina monga wothandizira kapena wachibale akhoza kulamulira (mwachitsanzo, kholo kwa mwana). Mosasamala kanthu, kuphunzitsidwa koyenera ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wa munthuyu ndikofunika.
Maphunziro ndi ofunika kuti musamangogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyenera kupweteka popanda kuvulaza, komanso kuti muthe kuyankha mafunso alionse, magwero a chisokonezo, kapena kudandaula za kupereka mphuno.
Njira ziwirizi zikuwonekera poyera pa syringe zikuphatikizapo:
- Khwerero 1: Chotsani Cap (izi zimawonetsa singano)
- Khwerero 2: Yesetsani Chingwe Chakudya Pambuyo Pogwiritsira Ntchito Pulogalamu 911 (ngati pakufunika, ingayambe kuperekedwa kudzera mu zovala)
Dziwani kuti malangizowa amatcha 911, monga Symjepi sayenera kusamaliranso chithandizo chamankhwala chodzidzimutsa-ndicho choyamba chokha, ndipo izi ndizofanana ndi EpiPen.
Pamene zilipo, Symjepi idzagulitsidwa phukusi la ziwiri, zomwe zikufanana ndikugulitsa epinephrine auto-injection.
Cholinga chogawira munthu ndi ziwiri ndi chimodzi chomwe chimatha kunyamula nthawi zonse, ndipo wina angasiyidwe sukulu, kunyumba, kapena ntchito, ngati kumbuyo, kapena ngati mlingo wachiwiri ukufunika.
Ndizosangalatsa kuzindikira kuti chiwerengero cha mitsempha kapena injini yomwe imayikidwa ndi dokotala ndi yosiyana kwambiri, chifukwa palibe lamulo lovuta komanso lokhazikika limene opereka chithandizo akutsatira.
Zomwe zikunenedwa, lamulo limodzi labwino kwambiri, monga bungwe la World Hearth Organization, ndilokuti munthu ayenera kukhala ndi dozi imodzi ya epinephrine yomwe ilipo nthawi iliyonse yopita ku chipinda chodzidzimutsa.
Kumbukirani kuti, musayambe muyeso maulendo opitirira awiri a epinephrine chifukwa chimodzi chokha cha anaphylactic-dokotala yekha ayenera kupereka mankhwala owonjezera.
Potsirizira pake, Symjepi ilipo (ndipo idzagulitsidwa) mu miyeso ya 0.3mg, yomwe ili yabwino kwa anthu omwe amalemera mapaundi 66 kapena kuposa. Symjepi yapamwamba (yofanana ndi EpiPen) ikuyenera kupereka mlingo wochepa wa epinephrine kwa ana.
Kodi Pali Zotsatira Zotsalira Zogwirizana ndi Symjepi?
Pamene Symjepi ali jekeseni, munthu akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zina. Ngakhale, chonde onani kuti zotsatirazi zimakhala zaufupi ndipo phindu la epinephrine limaposa zotsatirazi. Zina mwa zotsatira zake ndi izi:
- Kudandaula
- Chizungulire
- Kupindika
- Kukwapula
- Nsowa ndi kusanza
- Kuthamanga kwa mtima ndi / kapena kosasinthasintha kwa mtima (kotchedwa palpitations)
- Kumverera kosalekeza, mantha, ndi / kapena nkhawa
- Zovuta kupweteka
- Mutu
Kawirikawiri, mavuto a mtima ngati chiwonongeko chosagwidwa mtima chimatha. Zowonjezereka zina zomwe zingakhale zovuta zogwirizana ndi epinephrine ndi kuwonjezereka kwapopopeni kwa magazi komwe kungachititse kuti magazi alowe mu ubongo, ndipo madzi akumwa m'mapapo-amatchedwa pulmonary edema .
Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti izi zowopsya zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti zichitike pakutha kwa epinephrine, makamaka pamene zimaperekedwa kudzera mu mitsempha (intravenously). Apanso, kupindula mwachangu epinephrine kwa anaphylaxis kumaposa zowopsazi.
Chiopsezo china chogwirizanitsidwa ndi Symjepi ndizomwe zingapangire ndodo ya singano kapena jekeseni mwangozi. Izi kawirikawiri zimapezeka mu chala kapena pa dzanja ndipo zingayambitse kutaya magazi, zomwe zingakhale zovuta. Jekeseni m'matako imatengedwa kuti imayambitsa matenda a gasi, matenda oopsa kwambiri a bakiteriya.
Ngati jekeseni mwadzidzidzi ikuchitika, onetsetsani kuti mupite ku chipinda chanu chapafupi. Zonsezi, njira yabwino yopewera singano ndiyo kusachotsa kansalu kakang'ono pa singano mpaka itagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Pomalizira, matendawa amatha-ngakhale izi sizikupezeka-pa malo a jekeseni. Matenda angayambitse khungu kuzungulira malo opangira jekeseni kukhala ofunda, okonda, kutupa, ndi / kapena ofiira. Ngati ndi choncho, onetsetsani kuti mwaitanira dokotala nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa mungafunike antibiotic.
Mawu Ochokera
Kuvomerezeka kwa njira zina zojambulira mankhwala opulumutsa moyo pochiza anaphylaxis ndizodabwitsa, ndipo ndi ndalama zochepa, zikhoza kuchepetsa malingaliro a anthu ambiri omwe amapereka mazana ndi mazana a madola pachaka kuti alowe m'malo mwa epinephrine auto- injini.
Mosasamala kanthu, kaya mwauzidwa epinephrine autoinjector, monga EpiPen, kapena chingwe choyamba chodzaza tsamba la epinephrine monga Symjepi (m'tsogolomu), onetsetsani kuti mukuphunzitsidwa kuchokera kwa wothandizira zaumoyo momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito chipangizo chanu . Onaninso maphunziro anu ndi dokotala chaka chilichonse, komanso mutenge kachidindo ka chipangizo chanu cha epinephrine.
Mwachidule, moyo wanu umadalira maphunziro awa tsiku lina.
> Zotsatira:
> Tsabola AN, Westermann-Clark E, Lockey RF. Kuthamanga Kwambiri kwa Odzipaka Magalimoto a Epinephrine ndi Njira Zina Zopangidwira. J Zachilombo ka Immunol Pract. 2017 May - Jun; 5 (3): 665-68.
> Posner LS, Camargo Ca Jr. Kusintha pa ntchito ndi chitetezo cha epinephrine auto-injection, 2017. Drug Healthc Patient Saf . 2017 Mar 21; 9: 9-18.
> Msisitere SH. (2017). Kufotokoza epinephrine kwa anaphylaxis kudzipangira. Mu: UpToDate, Kelso JM (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA.
> Utsogoleri wa US Food and Drug Administration. (June 2017). Jekeseni la Symjepi (epinephrine) lomwe limapereka chidziwitso .