Maganizo onena za kusunga zakudya ndi mchere
Kusunga chakudya ndi mchere ndichitidwe wakale wa anthu omwe analembera kale malemba olembedwa. Nkhumba zowombeka, pickles, ndi saumoni zotsuta ndizo zitsanzo za zakudya zomwe anthu ambiri amadya. Koma kodi zakudya zamchere zimakhala zotetezeka kudya? Kodi mchere umatetezera bwanji ndi njira zina za chitetezo cha chakudya?
Mchere Umatetezera
Mchere wagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kusungira kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo amagwira ntchito kuti asunge chakudya mwa njira ziwiri:
- Mchere umauma chakudya. Mchere umatulutsa madzi kunja kwa chakudya ndi madzi oundana. Zamoyo zonse zimafuna madzi ndipo sizingakhoze kukula pakalibe madzi, kuphatikizapo mabakiteriya omwe angayambitse poizoni. Mchere umagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga nyama yakufa mwa kuumitsa wouma, ndipo imalepheretsa batala kuti asawonongeke potulutsa madzi kunja, kusiya mafuta okha.
- Mchere umapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mchere wapamwamba ndi woopsa kwa tizilombo (osati zonse) chifukwa cha zotsatira za osmolarity, kapena kuthamanga kwa madzi. Madzi amasiyana pakati pa maselo a chilengedwe kotero kuti kusungunuka kwa mchere (monga mchere) ndi chimodzimodzi kumbali zonse ziwiri za selo. Muzitsulo zamchere kwambiri, tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timatha chifukwa cha kusiyana pakati pa kunja ndi mkati mwa zamoyo. Mchere wapamwamba ukhozanso kukhala poizoni kwa njira zamkati za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimakhudza DNA ndi michere. Njira zothetsera shuga zimakhalanso ndi zotsatira zogwiritsira ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chifukwa chake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zakudya zoteteza zakudya monga jams ndi jellies.
Maganizo onena za kusungidwa kwa mchere
Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti zakudya za salti zimagonjetsedwa ndi kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Chotsatira chake, iwo ali okonzeka kudya zakudya zokayikitsa ngati ali ndi mchere wochuluka.
Nazi izi. Mabakiteriya ambiri, kupatula halophiles (mabakiteriya okonda mchere), sangathe kukula pamene mchere umakhala woposa 10 peresenti.
Nkhungu zimatha kulimbana ndi mchere wambiri. Pofuna kupeza 10 peresenti mchere, muyenera kutaya mchere wa 180 g mu 1800 g madzi, pafupifupi pafupifupi 1 chikho cha mchere womwe umasungunuka mu makapu 7.5 a madzi.
Kodi mchere ndi mchere bwanji? Kodi munayamba mwameza madzi mukasambira m'nyanja? Madzi a m'nyanja ndi 3.5 peresenti mchere. Tangoganizirani kumwa madzi amchere omwe nthawi zambiri saltier.
Ndi Zakudya Zomwe Zili Ndizokwanira Mchere (> 10 Peresenti) kuti Zisiye Kukula kwa Bakiteriya?
Pano pali mndandanda wa zakudya zomwe anthu ambiri angaziganizire kuti "mchere". Mchere wochuluka umawerengedwa pogawa kulemera kwake kwa chakudya ndi kulemera kwa mchere.
- 1 kumatchetche a McDonald a French (medium): 266 mg / 117 g = mchere wa 0.2 peresenti
- 1 kutumikira Doritos, Nacho Katsamba katsamba: 310 mg / 50 g = 0,6 peresenti mchere
- 1 Kutumikira msuzi wa nkhuku wa Campbell (condensed): 890 mg / 126 g = 0,7 peresenti mchere
- 1 Kutumikira spam ya Hormu: 767 mg / 56 g = mchere wa 1.4 peresenti
Onetsetsani kuti palibe chimodzi mwa izi ngakhale pafupi ndi 10 peresenti ya mchere cutoff popewera kubakiterila kukula. Zakudya zamchere zomwe zimasungidwa ndi mchere zimakhala zouma, monga nyama yoweta, kapena amafunika firiji atatsegula, monga pickles kapena nyama yophika.
Bwanji za Brines ndi Condiments?
Mafuta ndi mavitamini amadziwika kuti ali ndi mchere wambiri, koma amapeza 10 peresenti ya mchere pofuna kuletsa kukula kwa bakiteriya?
- Ketchup 1 pakateteti: 67 mg / 6 g = 1,1 peresenti mchere
- Pakiti 1 mpiru: 57 mg / 5 g = 1.1 peresenti mchere
- Phukusi 1 soya msuzi: 493 mg / 8 g = mchere wa 6.1 peresenti
- Nkhuku zoyamba: 180,000 mg / 7560 g = 2.3 peresenti mchere
Choncho, msuzi wa soya sali wamchere mokwanira kuteteza bakiteriya kukula. Nchifukwa chiyani chikhoza kusungidwa opanda firiji? Popeza msuzi wa soya alibe zowonjezera zofunika zofunikira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga mapuloteni kapena chakudya, pali ngozi yaikulu kuti tisiye pa kompyuta yanu.
Nanga bwanji za Zakudya Zamchere Zosungidwa M'nyanja?
Pakalipano, zakudya zomwe tazitchula zimadziwika kuti ndi zamchere, koma nthawi zambiri zakudya zomwe timaganiza kuti mchere ndi chifukwa chake chakudya chimatha kudya bwino.
Bwanji za zakudya zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaganiziridwa monga zakudya zosungidwa ndi mchere?
- 1 pickle: 1181 mg / 135 g = mchere wokwana 0,9 peresenti
- Nkhumba imodzi yamphongo: 443 mg / 20 g = 2.2 peresenti mchere
- 1 kumathandiza ham: 1.2 peresenti mchere
Ngakhale mwachizolowezi zakudya zosungidwa ndi mchere sizikumana ndi 10 peresenti ya mchere pofuna kuletsa kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Koma zina zokhudzana ndi zakudya izi, monga kuchepa kwa madzi (nyama yochuluka) kapena kuwonjezera kwa asidi (pickles) kapena zoteteza (ham), zithandizani kupewa kutaya. Kuonjezerapo, zakudya zambiri zotetezedwa mchere zimafuna firiji mutatsegulira pofuna kuchepetsa kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kodi Mchere Wam'mwamba Amalepheretsa Spoilage Kupambana Mbewu Zamchere Zamchere?
Pa zakudya zambiri zodyedwa, yankho ndilo ayi, ndondomeko yamchere yapamwamba sichikuthandizani kuti mukhale watsopano ngakhale mutakhala ndi poizoni wowonjezera . Zakudya zambiri zomwe zili pamwambazi zili ndi mchere wosachepera 2 peresenti (kupatulapo soya msuzi).
Mchere Wapamwamba Ungathe Kuthandiza Mabakiteriya Kukula
Kodi mumadziwa kuti mabakiteriya amakula bwino mu saltier kuposa chakudya chomwe timadya? Sayansi zamakono komwe mabakiteriya amakula msinkhu kuti ayese kuyesa amagwiritsa ntchito yankho lotchedwa "LB," kapena Luria Broth, pofuna kukula bwino kwa mabakiteriya. Kodi mchere wa LB ndi chiyani? Ndilo 1 peresenti, kapena mwinamwake saltiness ya dill pickle.
Kuchiza kwa Mchere ndi Matenda a Pagulu
Ngakhale mchere ukanakhala wotetezera bwino, kodi ungakhale wabwino? Zimaganizidwa kuti mchere wa zakudya zakumadzulo ukuthandizira kudwaladwala, kuphatikizapo matenda a impso. Kuchokera ku matenda a mtima, kuti mukhale ndi matenda okhaokha, kuti mukhale osteoporosis, mudziwe chifukwa chake mungafune kutaya mchere kuti akhale ndi moyo wautali.
Mchere wa Nkhaniyi
Zikuwoneka kuti pali umboni wochuluka wosonyeza kuti zakudya zamchere sizitsitsimutsa zakudya zowonetsera. Izi zikuti, aliyense wakufunsa mafunsowa ndi kuphunzira za chitetezo cha chakudya ndi wogulitsa kwambiri. Kupha poizoni kumafala. Ndipotu, pafupifupi 75 peresenti ya "chimfine" cha mimba ku United States kwenikweni ndi poizoni wa zakudya.
Ngakhale mchere suli njira yothetsera vutoli, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe mungachite kuti muteteze chakudya chanu. Choyamba, yesetsani kuchita bwino kukhitchini . Osagwiritsanso ntchito kudula komweko kwa nyama yaiwisi ndi masamba kapena zipatso. Gulani zakudya bwino tsiku lisanafike. Ngakhale ngati chakudya sichimatha, ngati fungo likudandaula, tulutseni kunja. Khalani ndi chidwi pa nkhani kuti muzimva za kuphulika kwa poizoni. Pewani mkaka wosakonzekera kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana ndi mkaka .
Zakudya za refrigerate mwamsanga mukatha kudya ndikugwiritsa ntchito mosungirako zakudya zosungirako zakudya. Chakudya chaukhondo nthawi zonse mukakonzanso. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ngakhale kubwezeretsa nthawi zina kumayambitsa chakupha chakupha. Mabakiteriya ena, monga Staph, amapanga poizoni. Ngakhale mabakiteriya akuphedwa poyambiranso, poizoni ndikutentha komanso kumapitirizabe. Pomaliza, phunzirani kuzindikira zizindikiro za poizoni wa chakudya ndikuyankhula ndi dokotala ngati simukumva bwino.
> Zosowa
- > Kramer, H. Matenda a Impso ndi Westernuszation ndi Industrialization Chakudya. Magazini Achimereka a Matenda a Impso . 2017 Jan 23. (Epub patsogolo pa kusindikiza).
- > Kumar, Vinay, Abul K. Abbas, ndi Jon C. Aster. Mabala a Robbins ndi Cotran Pathologic Mavuto a Matenda. Philadelphia: Elsevier-Saunders, 2015. Print.
- > Parishi, M. Kodi Mchere ndi Shuga Zimateteza Bwanji Microbial Spoilage? Scientific American . 2009.