Malangizo Othandizira Kuteteza Matenda Odwala
Aliyense amene wasiya chakudya motalika kwambiri awona zotsatira zooneka za kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zifukwa za malangizi ambiri a kukhitchini ndizowoneka bwino, monga kutsuka mbale kapena kusakaniza chakudya chanu. Koma zina ndizochepa.
Chinthu chimodzi chabwino cha thumb ndi kukumbukira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatchedwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chifukwa ndi zochepa kwambiri. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, simungathe kuona tizilombo toyang'anitsitsa, ngakhale mutapukuta nkhuku yaiwisi kapena simungakhoze kuona kapena kumva fungo lililonse ndi saladi ya mbatata wa a Muriel, pali mwayi woti chinthu choipa chiti chikhalebe khalani mosamala.
Ndi kosavuta kusunga matenda osachepera podziwa kuti akhoza kuyambitsa matenda ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma palibe mwamuna kapena mkazi ali pachilumba, ndipo simungathe nthawi zonse kuyendetsa chiyero cha ena.
Chiyanjano cha Maphunziro a Chitetezo Chakudya chimapereka malangizo othandizira kupewa matenda okhudzana ndi zakudya. Malangizo awa sikuti amangokhalapo kuti ateteze kutenga matenda kuchokera ku zakudya zokonzedwa ndi ena komanso kuti musapitirize kufalitsa matendawa kwa ena.
Sambani Manja ndi Malo Osowa Nthawi zambiri
- Gwiritsani madzi otentha, sopo kuti musambe matabwa, mbale, ziwiya, ndi nsonga zapamwamba. Sopo sichipha majeremusi, koma imachotsa pamimba. Madzi otentha amathandizira izi.
- Ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito matayala osungira kuti muzitsuka malo okhitchini, popeza mabakiteriya amatha kumanga pansalu, zovala zonyansa. Sambani zisoti zachabechabe zosasinthika nthawi zambiri.
- Sambani zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zonse pansi pa madzi othamanga. Zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zimachokera ku zomera zomwe zimamera m'nthaka, zomwe zimapezeka zachilengedwe, monga Bacillus cereus ndi Clostridium . Onjezerani pa manyowa, feteleza wamba, ndipo mwakhala ndi zotheka kuipitsa ndi E. coli . Izi zimaphatikizapo kutsuka kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zili ndi zikopa kapena zikopa zomwe sizidye. Zilombo zam'mimba pazitsamba zimasamutsidwa m'manja mwanu, ndiyeno ku chakudya chanu chopepetsedwa. Mitsuko yodula m'matumba osasamba akhoza kufalitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ku zakudya, minofu ya zokolola.
Kusiyanitsa ndipo Osapambukira-Kutayirira
- Sungani nyama zakuda ndi juzi zawo kusiyana ndi zakudya zokonzeka kudya. Mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizingathe kukhala ndi kutentha kwambiri ndipo imaphedwa pa Kutentha. Zakudya zazikulu kapena zosazinga (ndi timadziti tawo) zingakhale zikuluzikulu za matenda opatsirana chifukwa zimapereka chitsime chopatsa thanzi komanso chinyontho cha kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- Gwiritsani ntchito mapuloteni osiyana kuti mukhale ndi zipatso zatsopano komanso nyama zopangira. Ngakhale pambuyo pa mapuloteni ochapa, tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timatha kumang'amba. Ndibwino kuti mupange mapepala ocheka osiyana kuti azidya komanso kuti asadzaphike kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiwonongeke.
- Osagwiritsanso ntchito mbale zomwe zimakhala ndi nyama kapena mazira okonzeka pakonzekera ndikudya. Anthu ena amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mbale zawo, poganiza kuti chakudya chophika, chophika chidzapha majeremusi aliwonse omwe amapezeka mu mbale zonyansa (ndipo amatha kusunga katundu wawo wochapira). Komabe, pamene kutentha kuchokera ku zakudya zophika kungaphebe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, titha kukhala ndi mwayi waukulu kuti kutentha si kokwanira kuti chiwonongeke. Sikoyenera kuopsa.
Zakudya Zakudya za Cook Zimakhala Zozizira Kwambiri
- Gwiritsani ntchito thermometer ya zakudya kuti muonetsetse kuti mchere wanu, steaks, ndi nsomba zikuphikidwa mpaka madigiri 145; nkhuku (mkati mwa ntchafu ndi mapiko ndi gawo lakuya kwambiri la bere) mpaka madigiri 165; ndi nyama pansi pa madigiri 160. Izi ndizitentha zomwe zimalimbikitsa kuthetseratu tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amapezeka ndi mtundu uliwonse wa zakudya. Pali mitundu yochepa ya mabakiteriya opatsirana, monga Clostridium botulinum , omwe angapangitse spores kuti apulumutsidwe kutentha. Mwamwayi, mankhwala a Clostridium omwe amachititsa matendawa amafa ndi kutentha kokwanira, ngakhale kuti spores ikhoza kuyambitsa botulism kwa ana m'manda.
- Sungunulani msuzi, supu, ndi nyemba zowiritsa, ndi zina zotsala ku madigiri 165 . Kuphika chakudya sikutanthauza kuti tsopano ndi wosabala. Nthawi zina, masewera otsala omwe amatha kutentha sakhutira chifukwa cha matenda, koma amatha kukhazikitsa kukula pambuyo pakuphika. Nthaŵi zina, kusokonezeka kwotsitsa pambuyo kungakhalepo. Mulimonsemo, kubwezeretsa ku kutentha kumeneku ndikofunika kuteteza matenda.
- Kuphika kosagwirizana kungachititse kuti kupha kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kusagwirizane, kotero onetsetsani kuti mukuyambitsa ndi kusinthasintha chakudya mukamaphika tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - ngakhale kutentha kwa chakudya kumakhala kovuta.
- Musagwiritse ntchito maphikidwe omwe amawatcha yaiwisi kapena mazira ophika pang'ono . Mazira akhoza kukhala gwero la Salmonella enteritidis , lomwe limakula mkati mwa mazira a eggshell. Zimapezeka m "dzira azungu, koma nthawi zina zimalowa mu yolk.
Chill ndi Refrigerate mwamsanga
- Onetsetsani kuti firiji yanu yayikidwa pa madigiri 40 kapena pansipa, ndipo mafiriji anu ndi madigiri 0 kapena pansi. Firiji ikhoza kuletsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya ambiri, ndipo kuzizira kungathe kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kumbukirani kuti tizilombo tina tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga Listeria , timatha kupirira komanso kukula mu kutentha komwe kumakhala kozizira.
- Zakudya, mazira, ndi zina zotayika ziyenera kukhala firiji kapena mazira posachedwa. Mavitamini ambiri opatsirana amakula bwino pamatentha omwe ali ofanana ndi thupi la munthu, koma ambili amafalikira kutentha kutentha. Mukamangokhalira kukonza firiji kapena kuzizira zakudya zanu, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mwayi wambiri wosokoneza.
- Pewani zakudya m'firiji, pansi pa madzi ozizira, kapena mu microwave . Musathenso kutaya firiji, kumene tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingapindule.
- Chakudya chiyenera kuyendetsedwa mu firiji , kumene kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumachepetseratu kapena kuima.
- Zakudya zowonongeka ziyenera kukhala firiji mkati mwa maola awiri atakhala pansi kutentha. Nthawi yaitali ndipo mumakhala ndi chiopsezo cha kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Zotsatira
Limbani ndi Bac. Chiyanjano cha Maphunziro a Chitetezo Chakudya.
Matenda Odyera Zakudya. Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda.