Kumvetsa momwe Bacteria ndi Virus Zimasinthira Mthupi
Matenda a bakiteriya amasiyana ndi matenda ena, chifukwa mwachiwonekere, kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amawatsogolera. Mabakiteriya ndi zamoyo zokhala ndi mbalame zomwe zimakhala ndi zochuluka mwa anthu, nyama, zomera, ndi mbali zonse za dziko.
Pakhoza kukhala mabakiteriya abwino omwe amathandiza machitidwe ogwira ntchito bwino (kuchokera ku chimbudzi mpaka kuyaka) ndi "zoipa" zomwe zimayambitsa matenda.
Zonse zanenedwa, osachepera theka la mabakiteriya angapangitse anthu kudwala.
Kusiyana pakati pa mabakiteriya ndi ma Virusi
Mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi angathe kuchititsa matenda, koma kusiyana pakati pawo ndi ambiri. Mavairasi ali ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kwambiri (pafupifupi 10 mpaka 100 pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi mabakiteriya) ndipo amafuna munthu wamoyo kuti apindule ndi kupulumuka. Mavairasi alibe mawonekedwe a magetsi; mabakiteriya amachita. Mabakiteriya ndi zamoyo zamoyo; Mavairasi amaonedwa ngati osakhala amoyo.
Za mankhwala, maantibayotiki akhoza kupha mabakiteriya (kupatulapo mabakiteriya ambiri a Gram) koma osati ma virus. Matendawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha mavairasi; mabakiteriya samakhudzidwa.
Kuwonjezera pa mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi, mitundu ina ya zamoyo zingayambitse matenda mwa anthu, kuphatikizapo protozoa , bowa, mphutsi, ndi mapuloteni opatsirana omwe amadziwika kuti prions.
Mitundu ya Matenda a Bakiteriya
Kuopsa kwa matenda a bakiteriya kumadalira makamaka mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe akukhudzidwa, thanzi la munthu yemwe ali ndi vutoli, ndi zina zomwe zingamuthandize kapena kuchepetsa matenda.
Matenda a bakiteriya amatha kuchoka ku matenda ang'onoang'ono monga strep throat ndi matenda a khutu ku zoopsa zomwe zimawopsa ngati meningitis ndi encephalitis.
Ena mwa matenda omwe amabwera ndi mabakiteriya ndi awa:
- Salmonella ndi mtundu wa matenda omwe amapezeka poizoni wa zakudya makamaka chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe timapezeka m'matumbo a m'mimba ndi nyama zina.
- Escherichia coli (E. coli) ndi mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe amapezeka mumatumbo omwe amadziwika kuti amayambitsa matenda a m'mimba.
- Chifuwa chachikulu ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri owopsa chifukwa cha mabakiteriya otchedwa Mycobacterium TB yomwe ingakhudze kwambiri mapapo ndi ziwalo zina.
- Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) yosagonjetsedwa ndi maethicillin ( antibiotic anti-antibiotic-resistant bacteria) yomwe ingathe kupha, makamaka kwa iwo omwe ali ndi machitidwe a chitetezo cha mthupi.
- Clostridium difficile (C. diff) ndi mabakiteriya amene amapezeka m'matumbo omwe angayambitse matenda a m'mimba pamene akukwera kwambiri (monga pamene antibiotic imapha mitundu ina ya mabakiteriya).
- Bakiteriya chibayo ndi mtundu woyambitsa mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana.
- Bacterial vaginosis ndi kachilombo ka HIV komwe kangayambitse kupweteka, kutaya thupi, ndi kupweteka kwambiri.
- Vibrio vulnificus ndizosawerengeka, mabakiteriya "odya nyama" omwe amapezeka m'madzi otentha.
- Heliobacter pylori (H. pylori) ndi mtundu wa mabakiteriya okhudzana ndi zilonda zam'mimba komanso matenda opha tizilonda.
- Bacterial meningitis ndi mtundu wosagwidwa ndi tizilombo wa matenda omwe amayamba ndi mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana omwe amachititsa kutupa kwa ubongo ndi nembanemba.
- Gonorrhea ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe amayambitsa mabakiteriya Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Kuchiza Matenda a Bakiteriya
Matenda ambiri a bakiteriya amayenera kuchitidwa ndi maantibayotiki. Kusankha kumadalira mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe akuphatikizidwa. Kuzindikira kungapangidwe poyeza mayeso a magazi kapena mkodzo, ngakhale kuti nthawi zina amapangidwa mosamala (pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zowonongeka ndi zomwe zinawatsogolera).
Ngati mukudwala matenda a bakiteriya ndipo mukusowa maantibayotiki, nkofunika kutenga mankhwala anu monga momwe mwalangizira komanso kuti mutha kukwaniritsa mankhwala anu oyenera kuti muteteze chitukuko cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo .
> Chitsime:
> Ma Institutes of Health (NIH). "Matenda a Bakiteriya." MedLine Plus: US National Library of Medicine. Bethesda, Maryland; Udalemba pulogalamu ya March 3, 2017.