Salmonella ndi mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe angathe kutulutsa matenda otsegula m'mimba otchedwa salmonellosis. Matenda a Salmonella amayamba chifukwa cha zakudya zowonongeka ndi nyama kapena zowononga anthu, kapena kukhudzana ndi nyama zomwe zimanyamula mabakiteriya. Matendawa amathamanga masiku angapo ndi chithandizo chokhacho chothandizira. Komabe, kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi kapena invasive salmonella matenda angawonekere, makamaka m'magulu a zaka zambiri omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu komanso anthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu zowonongeka.
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za salmonellosis ndizofanana ndi matenda a m'mimba . Zikuphatikizapo:
- Kutsekula m'mimba
- Fever
- Mimba imagwa
- Kuthamanga (nthawi zina)
Ngati mukudwala salmonella, zizindikirozi zimawoneka pakati pa maola 12 ndi 72 mutatha kuwona mabakiteriya. Zizindikiro zimakhala masiku asanu ndi anayi mpaka asanu ndi awiri ndikudzipangira okha popanda mankhwala.
Nthaŵi zina makamaka makamaka kwa ana, okalamba, kapena omwe ali ndi machitidwe a chitetezo cha mthupi - matenda aakulu kwambiri amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a salmonella. Kutsekula m'mimba kumakhala koopsa kotero kuti munthuyo amafunika kupita kuchipatala chifukwa cha kutaya madzi m'thupi. Matenda owopsa a salmonella amatha kuwona m'magazi ndipo akhoza kufalikira ku ubongo, mafupa, kapena ziwalo.
Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe ali ndi salmonellosis akhoza kukhala ndi nyamakazi yowonongeka (Matenda a Reiter). Zizindikiro za matenda a Reiter zimaphatikizapo zopweteka m'magulu, kupweteka kovuta, ndi kupsa mtima kwa maso.
Zimayambitsa
Matenda a Salmonella amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya a Salmonella omwe alipo mu zinyama ndi zinyama za anthu omwe ali ndi salmonellosis. Anthu ambiri amagwirizanitsa matenda a salmonella ndi nkhuku yaiwisi kapena yosaphika kapena nyama, koma mabakiteriya angakhaleponso pa zipatso ndi masamba omwe saphika, okonzedwa kapena kutsukidwa bwino.
Ogwira chakudya ndi ophika kunyumba akhoza kufalitsa salmonella kuti adye ngati sakusamba m'manja mosamba m'manja atatha kusamba. Munthu yemwe wakhala akudwala ndi salmonellosis akhoza kufalitsa kwa ena mpaka maola 48 apita popanda zizindikiro.
Kukula kwakukulu kwa chakudya cha salmonella kumabweretsa chakudya choyipa kukumbukiridwa, koma mwina mwatha kuchigula ndikudya. Zotsamba zosiyanasiyana zingadetsedwe: Zakale zakumbukira zimakhala ndi mafuta a nati, pistachios, ziphuphu, kokonati, zimagwedeza, nkhaka, nkhuku, mazira a nkhumba, ndi nkhumba.
Salmonella angapezeke m'nyanja zakutchire nyama zambiri, kuphatikizapo ziweto ndi ziweto. Zakudya zam'mlengalenga, amphibians, ndi mbalame ndizo zinyama zomwe zimanyamula salmonella.
Anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu cha salmonellosis ndi mavuto akuluakulu kuphatikizapo ana, ana a zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri, achikulire oposa zaka 65, ndi anthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu zowonongeka.
Kudziwa
Anthu ambiri samawona dokotala wawo mosavuta salmonellosis. Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi matenda a salmonella mutatha kudya zakudya zomwe zingakhale zodetsedwa, ndikofunika kuona wothandizira zaumoyo wanu . Mayesero kuphatikizapo chikhalidwe chachitetezo amatha kudziwa ngati salmonella ndi chifukwa cha zizindikiro zanu.
Dokotala wanu adzalengeza za matendawa ku Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ya m'dera lanu komanso CDC.
Anthu omwe ali m'magulu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu kapena omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zowonongeka kapena matenda aakulu ayenera kuwona dokotala. Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi matenda a magazi, dokotala wanu angatenge zitsanzo zamagazi za chikhalidwe ndi ma antibiotic.
Chithandizo
Kawirikawiri, palibe mankhwala oyenera ku salmonella kupatula kukhalabe hydrated. Kumwa madzi ochuluka kapena njira yothetsera electrolyte (monga Pedialyte kwa ana ndi makanda kapena Gatorade akuluakulu) ndikofunika pamene mukutsekula m'mimba kuti mukhale osataya madzi.
Mankhwala a zipatso ndi sodas ayenera kupeŵa chifukwa amatha kutsekula m'mimba kwambiri. Maantibayotiki samakhala oyenera kupatula ngati mabakiteriya alowa m'magazi.
Kupewa
Chifukwa chakuti salmonella imakhala ndi chilengedwe ndipo mwathupi mwathu tingakhale otengera, ndikofunika kutsatira njira zofunikira kuti tipewe matenda ndi mabakiteriya. Zinthu zina zomwe mungachite ndizo:
- Musamadye mazira yaiwisi kapena osaphika, nyama, kapena nkhuku. Mazira a nkhuku ayenera kuphikidwa mpaka mwamphamvu ndi nyama (makamaka nyama zakuya) ndi nkhuku siziyenera kukhala pinki pakati.
- Musamadye mkaka wofiira kapena wosakanizidwa kapena mkaka.
- Sambani bwinobwino mankhwala onse.
- Sungani nyama zosadyeka zosiyana ndi zokolola ndi zakudya zina kuti zisawonongeke.
- Sambani bwino matabwa onse odulira ndi zipangizo zopangira chakudya mutatha kukonza zakudya zosaphika.
- Sambani m'manja musanayambe kugwiritsira ntchito zakudya komanso pakati pa kusamalira zakudya zosiyanasiyana.
- Nthawi zonse musambe m'manja mukamaliza kusambira kapena zinyama zogwira mtima, makamaka ziweto.
- Musasunge nyama zakutchire (kuphatikizapo ziphuphu), amphibiya, kapena nkhuku monga ziweto m'nyumba zomwezo ndi makanda, ana aang'ono, anthu oposa 65, kapena omwe ali ndi ma chitetezo a chitetezo cha mthupi.
- Sambani manja anu mwamsanga mukangogwira kapena kumagwira anapiye, nkhono, kapena mbalame zina, ndipo musalole kuti ana azigwira nawo nthawi zonse.
Mawu Ochokera
Nkhani za kuphulika kwa salmonella zingakhale zoopsa, ndipo ndi bwino kutenga machenjezo onena za mankhwala akumbukira mwakuya ndikusiya zinthu zakumbukiridwa. Kuonjezera apo, uwu ndi matenda omwe angapewe ndi kusamba m'manja musanadye kapena kukonzekera chakudya. Monga kuvala zikwama zapamwamba kapena helmets za njinga zamoto, chizolowezi chophwekachi chingathandize kwambiri kuti muteteze inu ndi banja lanu.
> Zotsatira:
> Salmonella. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/
> Salmonella Infection. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/diseases/salmonella.html.
Kufufuza kwa Kuphulika kwa Salmonella. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/outbreaks.html.
> Salmonella Mafunso ndi Mayankho. USDA Kupewa Chakudya Chakudya ndi Ntchito Yoyang'anira. https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/foodborne-illness-and-disease/salmonella-questions- ndi-mayankho.