Matenda a mafupa a mafupa
Mu kuperewera kwa magazi m'thupi (AA), mafupa amasiya kupanga maselo ofiira okwanira, maselo oyera, ndi mapulogalamu. Kuperewera kwa magazi m'thupi kumayambira pa msinkhu uliwonse koma kumapezeka kawirikawiri kwa ana ndi achinyamata. Matendawa amapezeka pafupifupi anthu awiri kapena asanu ndi mmodzi mwa anthu miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi.
Pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya anthu amapanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga mbali ya matenda omwe tinatengera monga Fanconi anemia , dyskeratosis congenita, kapena Blackfan Diamond magazi .
Anthu ambiri (80%) adapeza mapuloteni otsegula m'magazi, kutanthauza kuti adayambitsidwa ndi matenda monga chiwindi cha hepatitis kapena Epstein-Barr, poizoni wa mankhwala ndi mankhwala, kapena mankhwala monga chloramphenicol kapena phenylbutazone. Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti maselo a pulasitiki amatha kukhala chifukwa cha matenda osokonekera.
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi zimayamba pang'onopang'ono. Zizindikiro zimagwirizana ndi maselo ochepa a maselo:
- Manambala ochepa a maselo ofiira a magazi amachititsa magazi m'thupi, ali ndi zizindikiro monga mutu, chizungulire, kutopa, ndi kupweteka (pallor)
- Manambala ochepa a mapulotete (ofunika kuti magazi asungunuke) amachititsa magazi osazolowereka kuchokera kumsana, mphuno, kapena kutupa pansi pa khungu (malo ochepa otchedwa petechiae)
- Manambala ochepa a maselo oyera a magazi (ofunika kuti amenyane ndi matenda) amachititsa matenda opatsirana kapena matenda othawirika.
Kudziwa
Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi zimayambitsa matenda. Dokotala adzalandira kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa maselo a magazi (CBC) ndipo magazi adzayankhidwa pansi pa microscope (magazi smear).
CBC idzawonetsa maselo ofiira, maselo oyera, ndi mapulogalamu m'magazi. Kuyang'ana maselo omwe ali pansi pa microscope amatha kusiyanitsa kupuma kwa magazi m'thupi ndi matenda ena.
Kuphatikiza pa kuyesera kwa magazi, fupa la mafupa (sampuli) lidzatengedwa ndi kuyang'aniridwa pansi pa microscope.
Mu kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, ziwonetsa maselo atsopano a magazi opangidwa. Kufufuza fupa la fupa kumathandizanso kusiyanitsa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, kuphatikizapo matenda a m'mitsempha kapena khansa ya m'magazi.
Kusinthana
Kuika kapena kuyambitsa matendawa kumaphatikizapo zomwe zimachitika mu International Aplastic Anemia Study Group, yomwe imalongosola miyeso molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo a magazi omwe alipo mu kuyesa magazi ndi mafupa a mafupa. Kuperewera kwa magazi m'thupi kumaphatikizapo kukhala ochepa (MAA), oopsa (SAA), kapena oopsa kwambiri (VSAA).
Chithandizo
Kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi, fupa la mafupa kapena kusinthanitsa maselo a mitsempha amalowetsa mafupa olakwika omwe ali ndi maselo abwino opanga magazi. Kuwombera kumakhala ndi zoopsa zambiri, choncho nthawi zina sichigwiritsidwe ntchito monga chithandizo kwa okalamba kapena okalamba. Pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya anthu omwe amalandira mafupa a mafupa amatha kuchira.
Kwa anthu achikulire, chithandizo cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kumaphatikizapo kupondereza chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi Atgam (anti-thymocyte globulin), Sandimmune (cyclosporine), kapena Solu-Medrol (methylprednisolone), yokha kapena yogwirizana. Yankho la mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi lochedwa, ndipo pafupifupi munthu mmodzi pa atatu aliwonse amabwereranso, zomwe zingayankhe pambali yachiwiri ya mankhwala.
Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa magazi m'thupi amathandizidwa ndi katswiri wamagazi (wamatenda a shuga).
Popeza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi amakhala ndi nambala yochepa ya maselo oyera a magazi, ali pachiopsezo chotenga matenda. Choncho, kuteteza matenda, ndi kuwachiza mwamsanga kamodzi kochitika, ndikofunikira.
Chitsime:
"Kupuma kwa magazi m'thupi." Zokhudza Matenda. 10 Nov 2006. Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation, Inc .. 2 Dec 2006