Botulism sikuti ndi matenda, koma ndiledzera ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwirizana ndi kudya zakudya zamzitini zonyansa. Botulism ikhoza kuyamba ndi zizindikiro zosazolowereka, monga khungu lamaso, koma lingapite patsogolo ndikumayambitsa matenda aakulu, monga kupuma.
Zifukwa za Botulism
Dothi la botulinum limamangirira kumalo ochepa pakati pa mitsempha ndi minofu, kuteteza mitsempha kuti isatumize uthenga ku minofu yofanana.
Pamene mitsempha sungakhoze kutumiza uthenga kuti ulowetse minofu kuti isunthe, minofu imakhala yofa ziwalo kuchokera ku matenda a botulism.
Mabakiteriya angapangitse mankhwala ambirimbiri a botulinum, omwe amatha kufalikira thupi lonse, kufooketsa minofu yambiri panthawi.
Mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa botulism amatha kusangalala ndi zakudya zam'chitini. Mabakiteriya amakhala pamwamba pa zipatso ndi masamba osaphika, ndipo sangathe kukhala ndi moyo ngati ali ndi asidi kapena kutentha kwambiri.
Kawirikawiri, zakudya zamzitini zomwe zimakonzedwa pakhomo popanda kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezera ndizoopsa kwambiri. Koma palinso kuphulika kwa botulism zokhudzana ndi zakudya zamakina komanso zamakampani, ngakhale kuti ziphuphuzi ndi zochepa komanso zochepa.
Pamene zakudya zam'chitini zimadziwika ndi mpweya wabwino kapena phokoso lachitsulo, izi zingathandizenso mabakiteriya kukula. Ngati muli ndi chithandizo cha chakudya chomwe chikuwoneka choonongeka kapena muli ndi mawonekedwe osayenerera kapena amasonyeza zizindikiro kapena kutulutsa madzi kapena kununkhiza koipa, ndibwino kwambiri kuti mutaya chida ndi chakudya mkati mwake, chifukwa kudya chakudya kumayambitsa botulism kapena matenda ena mtundu wa poizoni wa zakudya.
Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro
Botulism imayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya otchedwa Clostridium botulinum ndipo angayambenso chifukwa cha mabakiteriya okhudzana ndi Clostridium butyricum ndi Clostridium baratii . Mabakiteriyawa amabweretsa poizoni wotchedwa botulinum poizoni yomwe imafooketsa minofu ndi mitsempha, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro izi:
- Manyowa a dothi
- Masomphenya awiri
- Masomphenya obisika
- Nkhope ya Droopy
- Mlomo wouma
- Kulankhulidwa
- Mavuto akumeza
- Kufooka kwa minofu
- Kuvutika kupuma
- Chifuwa chopititsa patsogolo
Ngati mukumana ndi zizindikiro za botulism, muyenera kupita kuchipatala mwamsanga. Mabakiteriya opatsirana omwe amachititsa kuti botulism imatulutsa poizoni yomwe ingayambitse matenda otukuka, kenako imakhala yovuta kwambiri ndipo imakhala yovuta kubwerera. Kutsekedwa kwa botulism kungakhale koopsa.
Kudziwa
Botulism sizochilendo chachipatala, koma ngati mutakumana ndi zofooka, maso kapena pakamwa, gulu lanu lachipatala lidzafufuza bwinobwino kuti mudziwe chifukwa chomwe mukufooka. Mungafunikire kuti chithandizo chamankhwala chiyambike kuchokera pa kukayikira kwa madotolo anu a botulism musanatulukidwe ndi chithandizo cha ma laboratory. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti matenda opatsirana a botulism amatenga masiku angapo, ndipo mankhwala ayenera kuyambika msanga kuposa mtsogolo.
Mayeso a Mouse
Chiyeso chomwe chingawathandize kapena kutsimikiza kuti matenda a botulism amatchedwa "mouse inoculation test". Mphindi inoculation kuyesa imayambitsa jekeseni wa magazi kuchokera kwa munthu yemwe angakhale ndi botulism mu mbewa komanso amatsitsa magazi pang'ono a munthu kuti alowetse katemera wa botulism, kuti aone zotsatira zake.
Ngati mimba yosatetezedwa imasonyeza zizindikiro za botulism, ndiye kuti mayesero amasonyeza kuti matenda a botulism amapezeka.
Kulongosola kwina kwa mbewa inoculation kuyesa kumaphatikiza jekeseni wa wodwala seramu mu mbewa ndi jekeseni wa antitoxin yodalitsika seramu mu chimbudzi china kuti aone kusiyana kwa zotsatira pakati pa mbewa. Ngati mbewa imayambira ndi serum nthawi zonse imakhala ndi zizindikiro za botulism, pamene mbewa yomwe imadwalitsidwa ndi anti-poizoni yothandizidwa ndi seramu sichisonyeza zizindikiro, mayesero amasonyeza kuti matenda a botulism amapezeka.
Komabe, poti pali maola 24-48 otha nthawi ya mouse mu inoculation zotsatira kuti aonekere, ngati pali kukayikira kwakukulu kwa botulism, mankhwala ndi antitoxin ayambitsidwa musanayambe zotsatira za mayesero.
Padakali pano, kuyang'anitsitsa zozizwitsa monga kufooka ndi kupuma kumatengedwa kukhala kofunika kwambiri poyendetsa chithandizo ndi chithandizo chanu.
Kuchiza kwa Botulism
Palibe mankhwala a botulism.
Pali mankhwala a botulism ndipo palinso mankhwala okhudzana ndi mavuto a botulism. Mankhwala a botulism akuphatikizapo antitoxin yomwe imayambitsa matenda a bakiteriya. Antitoxin imagwirira ntchito poyikira poizoni wa botulinum, yomwe imapangidwa ndi mabakiteriya, komanso poletsa kuti poizoni zisokoneze minofu.
Komabe, ngati mutakhala ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndi matenda a botulism, ndi poizoni, mukugwira ntchito minofu yanu kuti iwonongeke, ndiye kuti mukhoza kufooka. Malinga ndi kufooka kwa zofooka zanu, mungafunike thandizo lapadera la zamankhwala, monga kuthandizira kupuma mothandizidwa ndi mpweya wabwino umene umathandiza kutulutsa mpweya ndi kunja kwa thupi lanu pamene mutachira matenda oopsa.
Kodi Botulism Ndi Yofanana ndi Botox?
Inde, poizoni womwewo umene umayambitsa mliri wakufa ziwalo kuchokera ku zakudya zonyansa umagwiritsidwanso ntchito mwadala kwa jekeseni zamadzimadzi pofuna kuchepetsa kuoneka kwa makwinya , kuteteza mutu wa mutu wa mutu ndi kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa minofu . Ngakhale si zachilendo, jekeseni wa botulinum poizoni pa zifukwa zamankhwala kapena zodzikongoletsera zingayambitse ziwalo zosafunikira za kuyenda kwa maso kapena nkhope za thupi, zomwe kawirikawiri zimakhala zochepa.
Kuvulazidwa kwa Botulism
Palinso mtundu wina wa botulism umene umayambitsa zizindikiro zofanana koma si wokhudzana ndi poizoni wa zakudya. Mabala angathenso kutenga kachilomboka kwa mabakiteriya, omwe amachititsa botulism. Izi zimafala kwambiri pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndipo mtundu uwu wa botulism ukhozanso kuperekedwa ndi antitoxin ndi thandizo lachipatala popuma.
Mawu Ochokera
Anthu ambiri amva kuti ndizosatetezeka kudya zakudya zopangidwa ndi mankhwala kapena zowononga. Botulism ndi chimodzi mwa mitundu ya poizoni ya zakudya yomwe imakhudzana ndi zakudya zamzitini. Ndikofunika kutaya zitini zowonongeka za zakudya ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezeka pakhomo podyetsa chakudya kuti muteteze kuipitsidwa.
Ngati mukuganiza kuti inuyo kapena munthu wina akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro za botulism, ndikofunika kupeza chithandizo mwamsanga.
> Chitsime:
> Chakudya chodyera botulism - vuto lalikulu la thanzi la anthu, Mezencev R, Klement C, Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol. 2017 Zima; 66 (1): 39-48.
> Clostridium, Peptostreptococcus, Bacteroides, ndi Anaerobes ena. Mu: Ryan KJ, Ray C. eds. Sherris Medical Microbiology, 6e New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2014.
> Zakudya-Zam'chitini. Dzitetezeni Kwambiri ku Botulism. www.cdc.gov.