Kuchiza kwa matenda a tapeworm kumaphatikizapo mankhwala omwe amayenera nyongolotsi. Mankhwala amatha kusiyana ndi mtundu wa tapeworm, monga tapeworm wanyama ( Taenia saginata) , tapeworm ya nkhumba ( Taenia solium) , tapoporm yamchere ( Diphyllobothrium latum ), tapeworm ya Asia ( Taenia asiatica ), ndi tapeworm yamadzimadzi ( Hymenolepis nana ).
Ndikofunika kumwa mankhwala monga momwe akufunira komanso kutsatira njira zomwe mungapewe kuti musamathandizidwe nthawi ndi chithandizo.
Ngati matenda ali ndi tapeworm ya nkhumba, ngati matenda aakulu kwambiri otchedwa cysticercosis achitika, mankhwala amaperekedwa kuti athe kuchiritsa komanso nthawi zina opaleshoni amafunika kutero.
Malemba
Praziquantel
Praziquantel (Biltricide) ndi mankhwala amodzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda opatsirana. Ndi mankhwala oteteza antiparasitic omwe ali m'gulu la mankhwala otchedwa antihelmintics. Pochiza matenda ndi tapeworm, mlingo umodzi wa praziquantel waperekedwa.
Ma tapeworms amadzigwirizanitsa ndi mitsempha ya magazi pamtambo wa m'matumbo. Praziquantel amayesetsa kuthetsa matendawa pofooketsa mphutsi, omwe amachotsa m'mimba mwa matumbo ndikutha kupyola mu matumbo ndi kunja kwa thupi kupyolera mu anus ndi kutuluka kwa thupi.
Mapiritsi a Praziquantel ayenera kutengedwera (kupatula kupatula piritsi ndikofunikira kuyeza mlingo), osati kuphwanyidwa, chifukwa ali ndi kulawa kowawa ndipo zidzakhala zosavuta kupirira ngati zameza zonse.
Ayeneranso kutengedwa ndi chakudya ndi madzi onse.
Mankhwalawa amachititsa chizungulire kapena kutopa ndipo anthu omwe akuwutenga ayenera kupewa kuyendetsa galimoto ndi kumwa mowa chifukwa izi zingawonjezere zotsatirazi. Zina mwa zotsatira zoipa zomwe zimakhalapo za mankhwalawa zimaphatikizapo kupweteka mutu, kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kunyowa, kutopa, kufooka, kusanza, malungo, kutukuta, kuphatikiza kapena kupweteka kwa minofu, kuthamanga kwa khungu, ndi kusowa kwa njala.
Mankhwala opatsirana ndi praziquantel ndi osowa, koma zizindikiro zowoneka ngati ming†™ oma, kuyabwa, chizungulire, kupuma kovuta, kapena kutupa kwa mmero ndi chilankhulo ndi chifukwa chofuna kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.
Praziquantel amakhudzidwa ndi zipatso zamtengo wapatali, kotero anthu omwe akulandira mankhwalawa sayenera kudya mphesa kapena kumwa zakumwa za mphesa pamene akuzitenga. Praziquantel ndi chigawo chakumimba B, kutanthauza kuti kafukufuku wapangidwa ndi zinyama, koma osati mwa anthu, ndipo mankhwalawa sakuyenera kukhudza mwana.
Komabe, izi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa amayi omwe ali ndi pakati pamene akufunikira kwambiri, ndipo amayi apakati ayenera kulankhula ndi madokotala awo asanalandire mankhwalawa kuti apange chisankho chodziwitsa. Mankhwalawa amapita mkaka wa m'mawere ndipo amasiya kuyamwa kwa masiku atatu (maola 72) mutatha mlingo womaliza.
Uzani dokotala za mankhwala ena aliwonse kapena mankhwala owonjezera chifukwa angakhudze kupambana kwa praziquantel, kuphatikizapo:
- Mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga Carbatrol (carbamazepine, Equetro, Tegretol), Dilantin (phenytoin), Felbatol (felbamate), Mysoline (primidone), phenobarbital, Trileptal (asoxcarbazepine)
- Aralen (chloroquine)
- Azole antifungals (itraconazole, ketoconazole)
- Mankhwalawa amadzimadzi monga Amytal (amobarbital), Butisol (butabarbital), Mebaral (mephobarbital), Secobal (secobarbital), kapena Solfoton (phenobarbital)
- Decadron (Hexadrol, dexamethasone)
- Erythrocin (erythromycin (EES, EryPed, Ery-Ta)
- Ma ARV, kuphatikizapo Sustiva (efavirenz, Atripla), Intelence (etravirine), Viramune (nevirapine), kapena Norvir (ritonavir, Kaletra)
- Ketozole (ketoconazole, Extina, Nizoral, Xolegal)
- Mycobutin (rifabutin)
- Priftin (rifapentine)
- Wort John's wort
- Mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuphatikizapo Nuvigil (armodafinil) kapena Progivil (modafinil)
- Sporanox (itraconazole)
- Tagamet (cimetidine)
Alinia
Mankhwala ena, Alinia (nitazoxanide), amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi ya matenda a tapeworm ( H nana ).
Alinia ndi mankhwala antiprotozoal omwe angaperekedwe ngati piritsi kapena ngati kuyimitsidwa kwa madzi. Izi ziyenera kutengedwa kokha mutakhala ndi chakudya chochepa komanso kukonzekera madzi kumagwedezeka bwino musanatuluke.
Zina mwa zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa zimapweteka m'mimba, kumutu, kupwetekedwa mtima, kutsegula m'mimba, kusanza, ndi kutuluka kwa kanthawi kochepa kwa mkodzo. Asanayambe kutenga Alinia, auzeni dokotala za matenda ena onse, makamaka matenda a shuga, matenda a chiwindi, matenda a impso, kachirombo ka HIV, kapena matenda a chitetezo cha mthupi. Zizindikiro zonse zowopsya ngati ming†™ oma, kuyabwa, kuthamanga, kapena kutupa mkamwa ndi lilime ndi chifukwa chofunsira kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.
Alinia wakhala akuphunzira mu zinyama koma osati mwa amayi omwe ali ndi pakati ndipo amadziwika kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV chifukwa sichiyenera kukhudza mwana. Komabe, izi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yomwe ali ndi mimba pamene akufunikira kwambiri, ndipo amayi apakati ayenera kukambirana za ubwino ndi zoopsa za mankhwalawa ndi madokotala asanazilandire. Sikudziwika ngati Alinia amapita mkaka wa m'mawere ndipo zotsatira zake pa mwana woyamwitsa sizidziwika.
Kufotokozera nkhani kumalimbikitsa kupewa Alinia komanso kutenga Coumadin (warfarin). Uzani dokotala za mankhwala ena aliwonse kapena mankhwala owonjezera chifukwa angakhudze mphamvu ya Alinia, kuphatikizapo:
- Aspirin
- Bumex (chimanga)
- Cleocin (Clindesse, clindamycin)
- Coumadin (Jantoven warfarin)
- Depakene (Stavzor, valproic acid)
- Diabeta (Glynase, glyburide)
- Diamox Sequels (acetazolamide)
- Dilantin (Phenytek, phenytoin)
- Glucotrol (glipizide)
- Hygroton (Thalitone, chlorthalidone)
- Platinol (cisplatin)
- Prograf (Astagraf XL, tacrolimus)
- Soriatane (acitretin)
- Oncovin (Vincasar PFS, vincristine)
Kuchiza kwa Kuchiza Mankhwala
Kuchepetsa matendawa ndi vuto la matenda ndi nkhumba za nkhumba ( T. solium ). Pamene munthu ayesa mazira a tapeworm ya nkhumba, mwina kudzera mu zakudya zowonongeka, madzi, kapena kwa munthu wina, mazira angapangitse malo otchedwa oncospheres.
Oncospheres amatha kuchoka m'matumbo komanso kudzera mu thupi. Amatha kukhala mu ubongo, minofu, maso, pansi pa khungu, kapena ziwalo zina, ndi kupanga ziphuphu. Izi zimakhala kapena sizikufuna mankhwala.
Pamene khungu limapangika mu ubongo (kuchititsa matenda otchedwa neurocysticercosis), zimatha kufooka. Mankhwala a antiparasitic omwe amapha ziphuphu adzapatsidwa, koma mankhwala ena angakhale oyeneranso. Pamene matepi a tapeworm amafa pa chithandizo pakhonza kukhala kutupa kumene kumafuna chithandizo ndi anti-inflammatory monga prednisone (corticosteroid). An antionvulsant angafunikire kuti asatope. Kwa cysts mu msana kapena diso, antiparasitic siziperekedwa chifukwa cha kuopsa kwa kutupa komwe kungawononge minofu m'madera amenewo.
Pambuyo pa Chithandizo
Poonetsetsa kuti kachilombo ka tapeworm kamasintha, dokotala amayenera kuyesa kuyesa. Mayesowa adzawonetsera mphutsi, mazira, kapena proglottids muchitetezo kuti zithetse kuti mankhwala ena sakufunikira kapena kuti kubwezeretsedwa sikuchitika.
Ndikofunika kusunga malo omwe akutsatira ndikupeza mayeso onse omwe akuyesedwa. Kukonzanso kachilombo kumakhala koopsa, kotero kusamba m'manja bwino ndikutsatira malangizo ena ochokera kwa dokotala pankhani yophika chakudya n'kofunika. Pankhani ya matenda a ubongo, kutsatila kungaphatikizepo zojambula zojambula ndi zina monga zofunikira.
> Zotsatira:
> Alinia Kulongosola Zolemba. Romark, LC. April 2017.
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. "Matenda - Matenda a Khungu." Global Health - Gawo la Matenda a Pachirombo. 16 Apr 2014.
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. "Zachirombo - Taeniasis." Global Health - Gawo la Matenda a Parasitic. 10 Jan 2013.
> Bungwe la Padziko Lonse la Umoyo. "Taeniasis / cysticercosis." WHO.int Apr 2017.
> Zimmer C. "Mliri Wobisika: Tapeworms Kukhala M'kati mwa Ubongo Wa Anthu." Dziwani, Jun 2012.