Pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya anthu a ku America amadwala matenda aakulu. Chochititsa mantha kwambiri ndi chakuti 86 peresenti ya ndalama zonse zamankhwala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda awa. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, matenda aakulu akuwonjezeka - pofika 2020, 157 miliyoni a ku America akuyembekezeredwa kukhala ndi matenda aakulu - ndipo ena adzakhala ndi zodandaula zambirimbiri, kuti chisamaliro chawo chikhale chovuta komanso chovuta.
Matenda opitirira ndi osachiritsika amakhala ndi zolemetsa zambiri pazithandizo zaumoyo. Udindo wawo ndiwotaya nthawi, ndipo motero, madokotala oyamwitsa akusowa ntchito yaikulu. Kuti adziwe zofunikira, madokotala amalimbikitsidwa kuti athe kuchepetsa nthawi ndi odwala, nthawi zambiri amasiya odwala kuti asamamve bwino.
Teknoloji yatsopano yaumoyo ikukhala mbali yofunikira ya kasamalidwe ka matenda aakulu. Ndilolera odwala kuti azikhala ndi mphamvu zowonjezera thanzi lawo, ndipo pamene matenda alipo ali ndi udindo wambiri wosamalira. Pa nthawi yomweyi, pokhala ndi chiwerengero chokwanira cha njira zamakono zamakono, kuyendera maofesi a adokotala nthawi zonse kumayembekezereka.
Odwala Amafunika Kukhala Ophatikiza Mbali ya Ntchito Yawo
Teknoloji yatsopano ya zaumoyo ikupereka njira zatsopano zopangira ndi kuyambitsa odwala. Kupatsa anthu mphamvu kuti athe kudzisamalira okha ndizofunikira pakupewa kuwonongeka kwa thanzi.
The Network for Excellence mu Health Innovation (NEHI), bungwe la ndondomeko ya thanzi ladziko, linanena kuti pamene odwala amakhala gawo lalikulu la chithandizo chamankhwala, umoyo wawo umakula ndipo ndalama za chisamaliro zimachepetsedwa. Mu lipoti lake la 2012, NEHI inapeza zipangizo 11 zamakono zomwe zingathandize kuthana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo matenda a shuga, shuga, matenda a mtima, ndi mphumu.
Zida zimenezi zimaphatikizapo njira zamakono zamagetsi monga kuthandizira kwasamalonda, makampani apanyumba, makina ogwiritsira ntchito shuga, mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala, ndi maulendo apadera. Panalinso kuwonjezeka kwa mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu omwe amatha kukhala ndi chovala chosavala kapena chosawoneka chomwe chimalola odwala kuti azitha kusamalira thanzi lawo. NEHI yapeza zolepheretsa zingapo zomwe zimalepheretsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa matekinoloje awa. Izi zimachokera kuzinthu zochepa zokhudzana ndi kubwezeretsanso ndalama (ROI) ku mavuto ophatikizana ndi deta komanso kukana.
Chimodzi mwa zida 11 zomwe zili mu lipoti la NEHI ndi Tele-Stroke Care . Tele-stroke, yomwe ili mbali ya teknoloji ya telemedicine, yayesedwa ngati chipangizo chamtengo wapatali kuchipatala chomwe chilibe chipatala chapakati. Izi zipatala tsopano zingagwiritse ntchito Tele-stroke monga mgwirizano wawo. Akatswiri a zachipatala angagwiritse ntchito mavidiyo kuti alankhule ndi zipatala zazing'ono ndi / kapena zapakati. Angathe kuyang'aniranso mayeso ndi mayesero pogwiritsa ntchito chiyanjano chogawa deta. Kafukufuku wapadziko lonse amasonyeza kuti popeza Tele-stroke yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, chiwerengero cha odwala matenda a stroke omwe akulandira mankhwala a TPA (mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe akuyenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga) anawonjezeka pafupifupi pafupifupi 10 pakhosi.
Njira zothandizira mafoni zakhala zothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe akukhala m'malo osadziŵika bwino ndipo amayenera kupita kutali kukaonana ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wawo. Iwo athandizira bwino kusinthanitsa uthenga wathanzi pakati pa odwala ndi akatswiri azaumoyo, komanso pakati pa zipatala. Othandizira, nawonso, akupindula ndi njira zamagetsi. Mwachitsanzo, ofufuza a ku Netherlands akuyesa momwe angathandizire anthu omwe ali ndi maganizo ovutika maganizo pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zomwe zimalimbikitsa kudzikonda.
Maulendo Ovomerezeka Amalola Odwala Kuti Azilamulira
Ulendo woyenera ndi nthambi ina ya telemedicine yomwe ikuthandiza kuthana ndi zosowa za odwala kutali.
Kukhala wokhoza kuwona ndi kuyankhula ndi dokotala mu nthawi yeniyeni pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje kukhoza kufulumizitsa kafukufuku ndi njira zothandizira. Wodwala akhoza kufotokoza zizindikiro zake (ndi zifukwa zosavuta), ndizotheka kupeza chithandizo kapena kupeza zolembazo kutali. Maulendo obwera akugwiritsidwa ntchito mmadera osiyanasiyana a chithandizo chamankhwala. Mtundu woterewu ukhoza kuteteza kusamalidwa kwa zinthu monga matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa. Kulemera kwake, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi mayendedwe a magazi m'thupi zimatha kupititsidwa kwa operekera kuchipatala. Mwachitsanzo, tawonedwa kuti amayi omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amatha kusinthasintha pakati pa maulendo omwe amayendera komanso maulendo ogwira ntchito.
Maulendo obwera tsopano akuphatikizidwanso muzinshuwalansi za inshuwalansi. Popeza kuti nkhani zobwezeretsa zakhala zikudziwika kuti ndi chimodzi mwa zolepheretsa kuti mwanayo azitha kukhala ndi thanzi labwino, zochitikazi zingathandize kuti maulendo apamtima apite patsogolo kwambiri.
Maulendo apadera amapereka ubwino wambiri poyerekeza ndi zitsanzo zachipatala zomwe zimadalira kuyesa. Pamene odwala amapeza mwayi wopezera ogwira ntchito zaumoyo ndipo amapatsidwa makonzedwe apamwamba, zomwe zimachitikira nthawi zambiri zimapitsidwanso. Teleesi-anamwino angakhalepo nthawi zonse, ndipo kuyang'anitsitsa odwala ndi maphunziro angathe kuchitidwa mosalekeza. Komanso, panopa pali njira yothetsera e-ICU ndi e-emergency services, zomwe zimapereka odwala mwamsanga mwayi wopereka mautumiki apadera.
Telehealth yapamtunda imayenera kufufuza zambiri ndi chitukuko
Zida zamakono ndi mauthenga oyankhulana omwe amathandiza chithandizo cha odwala ndi kudzidalira ndizokhazikitsidwa kale komanso zowonjezera umboni, pamene ena akusowa nthawi yambiri kuti akonze. Malo amodzi omwe amasonyeza zinthu zina, koma sanathe kumaliza koma ali mu-galimoto telehealth, akulimbikitsidwa ngati "galimoto imene imasamalira." Ford ndi Toyota anali akugwira ntchito pulogalamuyi yomwe idzapatse anthu mwayi wotsogolera thanzi lawo pamene akuyenda . Malo okwera magalimoto omwe angayang'ane matenda a mtima, abweretse galimotoyo kuti imire ndikupempha thandizo kuti apite. Komabe, mu 2015, Ford, mwatsoka, adalengeza kuti akusiya kufufuza ndikusintha kupita kuzinthu zina. Tidzawonanso izi zitatengedwanso m'tsogolomu. Mwachitsanzo, Jaguar ikugwira ntchito yowonjezerapo zinthu zina zamagetsi ku magalimoto awo. Kampaniyo ikupanga sayansi yowunika ubongo. Njirayi ingaphatikizepo masensa olowera muwongolera yomwe ingakhoze kuzindikira msinkhu wanu wochenjera ndikuyankha moyenera, kuwonjezera chitetezo chathu pamene tikuyendetsa.
> Zosowa
> Audebert H, Kukla C, Haberl R, et al. Kuyerekeza kwa minofu ya plasminogen yosamalira oyendetsa ntchito pakati pa Telestroke Network kuchipatala ndi malo ophunzirira odwala: Telemedical Pilot Project for Integration Stroke Care ku Bavaria / Germany. Stroke, 2006; 37 (7): 1822-1827.
> Boots L, de Vugt M, Kempen G, Verhey F. Kuchita bwino kwa pulogalamu yodzigwirizanitsa yokhayokha "Partner in Balance" kwa osamalira odwala matenda a maganizo aumphawi: kuphunzira pulogalamu ya kuyesedwa kosasinthika. Mayesero , 2016; 17 (1): 231.
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Pa Ulemerero wa 2015. Chithandizo Chachilombo Chakudwala ndi Kukulitsa Zaumoyo. https://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/resources/publications/aag/pdf/2015/nccdphp-aag.pdf .
> Harrison T, Sacks D, Parry C, Macias M, Ling Grant D, Lawrence J. Kuvomerezeka kwa maulendo apakati pa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga. Matenda a Azimayi , 2017: 1-5.
> Wowonongeka L.: Kutenga zolemetsa za matenda aakulu ku USA. Lancet , 2009; 373: 185.