Mbiri ya mankhwala ndi mankhwala omwe amapezeka ndi kutulutsidwa ndi maselo akuluakulu omwe angapangitse zizindikiro zina malingana ndi gawo la thupi limene kutuluka kwa histamine kumachitika:
- Mphuno: mphuno yothamanga
- Maso: zokoma, madzi
- Kutentha: kowawa, koopsa
- Mung'oma: kupuma , chifuwa cholimba , kupuma pang'ono , ndi chifuwa
Kodi Histina Imagwira Ntchito Bwanji?
Mbiri yakale ndiyo mkhalapakati wa chitetezo cha mthupi kapena, mophweka kwambiri, nthumwi ya mankhwala yomwe imathandiza kuwongolera thupi lanu kuyankha kwa wodwala wachilendo.
Histamine imalongosola njira zomwe thupi lanu limatetezera momwe mungagwirire ndi chinthu chomwe chimadziwika ngati chachilendo. Mu mphumu ndi zovuta, thupi lanu likulakwitsa kwambiri pa chinthu chomwe sichili chovulaza kwambiri koma chachititsa kuti chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chitengeke. Mbiri yakale imagwira ntchito ngati njira yolankhulana pakati pa mbali zosiyanasiyana za chitetezo cha mthupi.
Mu chifuwa cha mphumu, histamine imalimbikitsa kusokoneza mphamvu komanso kupanga ntchentche.
Kodi Mbiri Imachokera Kuti?
Mbiri yakale imatulutsidwa kuchokera ku maselo akuluakulu ndi ma basophil pamene mutha kukudziwani. Pamene histamine ikamasulidwa, yankho lake limayamba. Mankhwala a Antihistamine amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza zizindikiro zozizwitsa zomwe zimayambitsa kutulutsidwa kwa histamine. Mankhwala ena otsutsa anti-histamine ndi awa:
- Zyrtec
- Allegra
- Claritin
- Benadryl
Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo
Gulu lina la mankhwala omwe amathetsa zina mwa zotsatira za histamine ndi kusintha kwa leukotriene.
Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuti mankhwalawa asokonezeke komanso kuchepetsa kupweteka kwa mphumu komanso kuchepetsa kupweteka komanso kutulutsa mafinya monga gawo la matenda a mphumu.
Mankhwalawa amalekerera kwambiri ndi odwala ndipo maphunziro ambiri amavomereza kuti amatsatira mankhwalawa poyerekeza ndi mankhwala ena a mphumu.
Ambiri mwa makalata awo osokoneza bongo amavomereza nthawi zonse mapapo a kuyesera ntchito, zomwe ziyenera kukhala mbali ya dongosolo lanu la chisamaliro cha mphumu. Kuonjezera apo, pakhala pali kugwirizana komwe kulipo ndi magazi ochepa kwambiri a warfarin komanso kusintha kwa makhalidwe omwe achinyamata amakumana nawo. Ngakhale kuti kuvutika maganizo kunkawoneka kawirikawiri pa ana ochiritsidwa, panalibe kuwonjezeka kwa odzipha okha.
Kafukufuku wambiri wasonyeza kuti mankhwalawa amawopsa kwambiri komanso kusintha kwa zizindikiro za mphumu. Zina zofunikira zotsatila zotsatila zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa ntchito yopulumutsira , komanso kuchepetsa zovuta za mphumu ndi zochitika zomwe zimafuna kuti munthu adziwe ngati mankhwalawa. Komabe, mankhwalawa sawoneka ngati othandiza ngati mankhwala opatsirana a mphumu. Kafukufuku wosiyanasiyana amasonyeza kuti kusintha kwa mapapo kumapamwamba kwambiri ndi steroid yosakanikirana, zochepa zimachitika, ndipo odwala amakhala ndi masiku ambiri opanda chizindikiro. Chotsatira chake, ndondomeko za dziko zimalimbikitsa kuti steroid yosakanizidwa ngati mankhwala oyamba pamene mukufunikira zambiri kuposa kupulumutsira.
Zimadziwika bwino kuti kutsata kwa odwala mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito steroid ndi kofunika kwambiri, ndipo kafukufuku ambiri asonyeza kuti ali ndi mphamvu yowonjezereka yapamwamba pa tsiku ndi tsiku poyerekeza ndi steroid yosakanizidwa mwa ana ndi akulu.
Nthawi zambiri makolo amadera nkhaŵa za zotsatira za mankhwala otsekemera ndipo nthawi zambiri amalembedwa ndi madokotala.
Kutsindika kwakukulu kwa montelukast kungathe kufotokozera zotsatira zake zomwe zimapindulitsa pa ulamuliro wa mphumu kwa a GC osakanizidwa mu maphunziro ena enieni. Ngakhale kuti nkhaniyi ndi yofunika kwambiri pazochitika zachipatala, makamaka zimayendetsedwa m'mayesero a zachipatala, maphunziro omwe amachititsa kuvomerezedwa ndi madokotala a FDA, pokhala nawo oyang'anira maphunziro amapereka chikumbutso kwa odwala nthawi zonse ndipo samapatula odwala awo omwe amamatira (monga owonetsedwa ndi magetsi yomangidwa mu zipangizo za inhaler) ndi osauka.
Zikuwonekeranso kuti madokotala oyang'anira chisamaliro chapadera amapereka steroid yosakaniza. Choncho, mosasamala kanthu kuti momwe steroids imathandizira kwambiri, momwe amagwiritsira ntchito pochita zinthu zenizeni za dziko lapansi ndizongoperewera chifukwa cholephera kulongosola ndi kutsatira.
Ngakhale osati kusankha kosankhidwa pogwiritsa ntchito malangizo omwe alipo masiku ano, leukotriene modifiers ndi njira yoyenera monga woyang'anira mzere woyamba wothandizira odwala amene sangatenge kapena sangathe kulekerera steroids. Kuvomerezedwa kwa njirayi kumathandizidwa ndi mayesero omwe amatchedwa "pragmatic" omwe amachitidwa ndi odwala 306 omwe amatha kusamalira njira zoyambilira, yomwe montelukast inkawonetsedwa ngati yofanana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga mankhwala otsogolera otsogolera.
> Zosowa
> Busse et al. Mankhwala otsika otchedwa fluticasone propionate poyerekeza ndi montelukast kwa mankhwala oyamba a mphumu yotsutsa: Kuyesedwa kwachidziwitso mwakuya. J Odwala Clinic Immunol 2001; 107: 461-8
> National Heart, Lung, ndi Blood Institute. Report of Panel Panel 3 (EPR3): Malangizo Othandizira Kuzindikira ndi Kusamalira Khunyu
> Scaparotta A et al. Montelukast motsutsana ndi mavitamini a corticosteroids mu kayendetsedwe ka ana omwe akupitirirabe mphumu. Multidiscip Respir Med. 2012; 7 (1): 13.