Mankhwala Othandiza Mwachangu Kwa Kupititsa patsogolo Zizindikiro Zophulika Zachifuwa
Ngakhale ma bronchodilators omwe amagwira ntchito yochepa (SABAs) ngati Albuterol ndiwo mankhwala opulumutsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mpweya wolimba, kutsokomola, kupuma pang'ono, ndi kupuma koyambitsa matenda a mphumu, dokotala wanu akhoza kupereka mankhwala ena omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito monga gawo la chisamaliro chanu cha mphumu. mapulani kapena ofesi kapena ofesi yapadera.
Tidzakambirana:
- SABAs (mwachitsanzo Albuterol)
- Anticholinergics (mwachitsanzo Atrovent)
- Steroids (mwachitsanzo Prednisone)
SABAs
SABAs amapereka mpumulo wa mitsempha yotupa, kapena kupindika kwa minofu m'mapapo, mwa kutulutsa minofu yosalala. Pakangopita mphindi zochepa, kugwiritsa ntchito minofu yosalalayo, mitsempha yowonongeka, kutsekemera kwa mpweya kumachepa, ndipo kupuma kumakhala kosavuta ngati mpweya wambiri ukuyenda kudzera mu njira yopuma.
Kugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza kwa anthu a SABA kwa kanthaĊµi kochepa ndi njira yabwino yothetsera zizindikiro za mphumu ndi kupuma kupuma, koma pamene kupereka chithandizo, nthawi zambiri ntchito ya SABA ndi chizindikiro cha kuchepa kwa mphumu . Ngati mukufunikira kugwiritsa ntchito SABA kawiri pa sabata kapena kupyola mu SABA imodzi mwa inhaler muchepera mwezi, mphumu yanu imakhala yosauka. Muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala ndikukambirana zochita monga kuyamba kapena kuwonjezera mlingo wa steroid yosakanizidwa .
Ma SABA amathandiza kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo pogwiritsa ntchito spacer kapena kuperekedwa kudzera pa nebulizer kuti mankhwala athe kuchita mwachindunji m'mapapo.
Mu ana aang'ono kwambiri, ena othandizira zaumoyo amagwiritsabe ntchito mankhwala a SABA, koma zotsatira zake zimakhala zofala ndipo mawonekedwe amlomo a mankhwala si othandiza monga inhaler ndi spacer. Kawirikawiri, SABAs omwe amavutitsidwa amakhala ovomerezeka chifukwa zizindikiro zimakula mofulumira komanso zotsatira zake sizikhala zofala.
Zotsatira za SABA zikuphatikizapo:
- Mitengo yamtima yofulumira
- Kupuma
- Mutu
- Kuthamanga kwa minofu
- Pasiziyamu ya pansi
- Matenda ogona
Anticholinergics
Mankhwala oletsa anticholinergic amapereka mpumulo wosasunthika ndi mpumulo wachisokonezo pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana m'mapapo. Chifukwa mankhwala ophera anticholinergic amagwira ntchito m'malo osiyana ndi maselo omwe amachititsa kuti tizirombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, madokotala ambiri adzalumikizana ndi anticholinergics ndi a bronchodilators. Anticholinergics ikhoza kuphatikizidwa pamodzi ndi bronchodilators mu nebulazer kapena kuperekedwa ngati ofiira osiyana ndi spacer. Palinso ma inhaler angapo omwe amaphatikiza anticholinergics ndi bronchodilators omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa akuluakulu.
Ngakhale agonist akuchita maminiti pang'ono ndipo amakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira yokwanira yokwanira yokwanira yokwanira, anticholinergics amatenga nthawi yaitali kuti apange zotsatira ndipo zotsatira zimatha. Zitha kutenga mphindi makumi atatu kuti 80% ya bronchodilatory ikhale yopangidwa ndi inhalation ndipo zotsatira zake zikhoza kukhala maola 6. Momwemonso, anticholinergics sichiyenera kuchiritsidwa kwambiri ndi zizindikiro za mphumu zokha.
Mankhwala otchedwa anticholinergics amavomerezedwa bwino ndi zotsatira zochepa zowononga poyerekeza ndi beta-agonists.
Zina mwa zotsatira zowonongeka zikuphatikizapo:
- Mutu
- Mlomo wouma
- Kusokonezeka
- Kukuda
- Mphuno ya Stuffy ndi ululu wa sinus
- Nausea ndi kukwiya m'mimba
- Zizindikiro zofanana ndi ziphuphu
- Masomphenya obisika
- Chizungulire
Steroids
Pambuyo pa ora la mankhwala, mlingo wa kusintha kwa zowonongeka kwa mpweya ukuchepa kwambiri. Kutenga mankhwala ochizira kudzera pakamwa kapena kudzera m'mimba (iv) mzere ukhoza kufulumira kusintha mwa kuchepa kwa kutupa m'mapapo. Zotsatira zamakono zimalimbikitsa steroids kwa wodwala aliyense ali ndi PEFR zosachepera 70% zomwe zanenedweratu.
Kusintha kwachizindikiro pambuyo pa steroid administration nthawi zambiri kumatenga maola 6.
Kawirikawiri, dokotala wanu adzakufunsani ngati mukufunikira steroids kale kapena ngati mukuwoneka odwala mokwanira pazomwe akuponyera pambali yopereka steroids. Dokotala wanu adzafunsanso gulu la mafunso ndikuyesa mayeso kuti atsimikizire kuti mulibe kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a bakiteriya. Chotsatira cha kupereka systemic steroids kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana a bakiteriya ndi ofanana ndi zomwe zimachitika mukatsanulira kuyambira moto pamoto wotentha ndipo zingakuchititseni kuwonjezereka kwambiri.
Zotsatira zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ntchito yaifupi ya steroid zikuphatikizapo:
- Kuwonjezeka kwa kudya
- Kudzikuza
- Mantha kapena kupuma
- Chizungulire kapena kumutu
- Flushing wa nkhope kapena masaya
- Mafupa
- Kuwonjezeka thukuta
- MaseĊµera okwera kwambiri a shuga
Pakapita nthawi ngati mukufuna mankhwala ambiri a steroids, mwawonjezera kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi, matenda a shuga m'maso, kuchepa kwa shuga, komanso matenda a mitsempha monga osteoporosis.
Wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala ali ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana othandizira mwamsanga kuti athandize mphumu yako. Mwinamwake mudzagwiritsa ntchito SABA monga gawo la dongosolo lanu la chisamaliro cha mphumu, koma kugwiritsira ntchito mopitirira muyeso ndi chizindikiro cha kuchepetsa kulamulira. Wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala angagwiritsenso ntchito steroids ndi anticholinergics muzochitika zina ngati mphumu yako yayamba kwambiri. Kumvetsetsa mbali ya mankhwalawa ndi zotsatira zake zingakuthandizeni kupeza mpumulo wabwino wa mphumu.
Zotsatira:
> FamilyDoctor.org. Chithandizo cha Phumu.
> National Heart, Lung, ndi Blood Institute. Report of Panel Panel 3 (EPR3): Malangizo Othandizira Kuzindikira ndi Kusamalira Khunyu
> Phumu. Mu Chifuwa Mankhwala: Zofunika Zachidziwitso Ndi Zofunikira Zothandiza Mankhwala . Okonza: Ronald B. George, Richard W. Kuwala, Richard A. Matthay, Michael A. Matthay. May 2005, kope lachisanu.