Akatswiri Onse Angathe Kuteteza Matenda a Chiwindi
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya madokotala omwe amawayeza ndi kuwayeza anthu omwe akudwala matenda a chiwindi. Gastroenterologists ndi hepatologists ndi chimodzi cha izo. Koma, kusiyana kwawo ndi chiyani? Kodi amalipira malipiro omwewo?
Gastroenterologist
Odwala gastroenterologists ndi omwe amaphunzitsa kwambiri za matenda okhudza kugaya , kuphatikizapo matenda a m'mimba, mayendedwe, ndulu, mapasitiki, matumbo aang'ono ndi aakulu, ndi chiwindi.
Kuti akhale katswiri wa gastroenterologist ku US, munthu ayenera kukhala mkati mwa mankhwala ovomerezeka. Kuti akhale woyenera mu gastroenterology, wina ayenera kumaliza zaka 2 mpaka 3 zina za ubwenzi.
Pa zaka 2-3 za maphunziro owonjezera a gastroenterology, angapo odwala gastroenterologists amadziwoneka pang'ono ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi. Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, ena a gastroenterologists ali ndi chidziwitso chachikulu kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi pa maphunziro apadera mu gastroenterology. Choncho, chidziwitso pakati pa gastroenterologists pakuchiza ndi kuzindikira matenda a chiwindi chimasiyana kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuti odwala adziŵe kuchuluka kwa luso la gastroenterologist mu matenda a chiwindi asanakhale ndi mgwirizano wa nthawi yayitali ndi dokotala wamtundu uwu.
Hepatologists
Hepatologists ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino komanso wodziwa bwino dokotala pa kuchiritsa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi.
Palinso mapulogalamu apadera ophunzitsira omwe akungoyang'ana pa matenda a chiwindi, omwe amadziwika kuti hepatology mabwenzi ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha zaka 1 mpaka 2. Pogonana ndi a hepatology, dokotala adzalandira maphunziro ochuluka pa chithandizo ndi matenda a chiwindi.
Kawirikawiri, maphunziro apadera amaphatikizapo kufotokozera mitundu yonse ya matenda a chiwindi monga omwe amawoneka kapena osawoneka. Maphunzirowa mu matenda a chiwindi si ofanana ndipo sagwirizana mofanana mu chiyanjano cha gastroenterology.
Madokotala omwe amatha kukwaniritsa mgwirizano wa hepatology amatchedwa hepatologists. Ambiri a hepatologists ndi gastroenterologists. Madokotala awa atsiriza gastroenterology ndi hepatology mgwirizano. Nthawi zina, akatswiri omwe sanathe kumaliza chiyanjano cha hepatology amayang'ana makamaka pa chithandizo ndi matenda a anthu omwe akudwala matenda a chiwindi.
Chifukwa cha sayansi, ndi phindu la wodwala kuti asankhe munthu wodwala matenda a shuga kapena gastroenterologist kuti adziwe matenda a chiwindi. Odwala angakhale otsimikiza kuti akatswiriwa adzakhala ndi chidziwitso chokwanira kuchiza ndikupeza matenda osiyanasiyana a chiwindi. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, akuti matenda a hepatologists ndi oyamba kudziwa za mankhwala atsopano omwe avomerezedwa ndi FDA. Koma, malingana ndi kusankha kwanu, ndikofunikira kupeza dokotala yemwe adzipatulira ndikugwira ntchito ndi inu ngati mnzanu woyanjanako pothandizira kuchiritsa.
Avereji Mapindu
Gastroenterologists ndi hepatologists ndi achipatala omwe amapanga chithandizo chamankhwala, matenda, komanso kuphunzira matenda ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti thupi likhale ngati chiwindi.
Achipatalawa amakonda kukhala opeza bwino ngakhale ndalama zawo za pachaka zikusiyana ndi mtundu, chikhalidwe, ndi malo.
Malipiro a Nkhondo
Malingana ndi kafukufuku wopangidwa, a hepatologists ndi gastroenterologists adalemba malipiro apakati a madola 300,000. Malipiro otsika kwambiri amavomereza kuti ena a gastroenterologists ali $ 100,000 kapena osachepera, koma malipiro apamwamba kwambiri ndi $ 500,000 kapena kuposa. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wina, madokotala amapeza ndalama zoposa $ 100,000 poyerekezera ndi akazi.
Odwala Gastroenterologists ndi Hepatologists Amalipiritsi ndi Madera
Gastroenterologists ndi hepatologists ku US North Central adalemba malipiro apakati pa $ 540,500 pachaka, omwe amati ndi amodzi mwa apamwamba pa ntchito zachipatala.
Anthu amene anagwiritsidwa ntchito kumpoto kwa Northwespoti ankalemba ndalama zokwana madola 500,000. Kum'mwera chakumadzulo, malipiro apakati a akatswiriwa ndi $ 370,000 chaka chilichonse. Kumadera akummawa, malipiro a hepatologist ndi gastroenterologist sakhala ochepa, koma posachedwa, omwe akugwira ntchito kumpoto chakummwera kwa US amalandira malipiro otsika kwambiri, omwe ndi $ 248,000 okha.
Misonkho ndi Kukula kwa Pagulu
Hepatologists ndi gastroenterologists m'mizinda ing'onoing'ono inapereka ndalama zapakati pa $ 350,000 ndi $ 400,000 pachaka. Amene ali m'mizinda yayikulu amapeza ndalama zoposa $ 350,000. Amene akugwira ntchito m'midzi ndi midzi yaing'ono amapeza pang'ono. Koma, palinso zofukufuku zomwe zikuwulula kuti anthu omwe amakhala m'madera akuluakulu adapeza kuti malipiro ochepa kwambiri amapeza madola 275,000 pachaka.
Malipiro a Bungwe la Ntchito
Hepatologists ndi gastroenterologists omwe panopa amagwira ntchito payekha amapereka malipiro apamwamba ($ 400,000 ndi pamwamba). Anthu ogwira ntchito amapeza ndalama zokwana $ 300,000 komanso pamwambapa. Amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazipatala zambiri amalandira $ 300,000- $ 400,000 chaka chilichonse. Hepatologists ndi gastroenterologists omwe amapita ku academia ali ndi madola 200,000 chaka chilichonse pamene omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito paokha amapeza $ 100,000. Amene akugwira ntchito pawokha amalandira malipiro otsika kwambiri, omwe ali pafupi madola 100,000 pachaka.
Zina kupatula malipiro awo, gastroenterologists ndi hepatologists zimakhalanso ndi zothandiza. Izi zikuphatikizapo penshoni zamtsogolo, ndalama zotetezera chitetezo cha anthu, mapulani 401K, ubwino wa thanzi, nthawi yowonjezera, ndi mabhonasi. Zonsezi, malipiro a hepatologist ndi gastroenterologist akuonedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwa apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Zotsatira:
Dev AT, Kauf TL, Zekry A, et. al. Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza gastroenterologists ndi hepatologists mu kufufuza kwachipatala. Bungwe la Health Care la BMC. 2008 Oct 8; 8: 208.
Bass NM, Feagan B. Nkhani zowonongeka mu gastroenterology ndi hepatology. Gastroenterol Hepatol (NY). Aug 2009; 5 (8 Suppl 17): 3-20.