Urticaria (ming†™ ming'oma) ndi chizolowezi chodziwika cha khungu chomwe chidzakhudza anthu 20 peresenti pa nthawi ina pamoyo wawo. Ngakhale kuti ming'oma yaming'oma idzachoka yokha popanda chithandizo, ena angafunike mankhwala ndi chithandizo chamankhwala. Chosankha cha mankhwala makamaka chimayambira pazifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa ndipo zingaphatikizepo anti-antihistamines, corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory drugs, antiocosal antibodies, kapena ngakhale kusamba kozizira.
Zothetsera Pakhomo
Ambiri ambiri a urticaria ali okhudzana ndi zovuta. Zomwe zimachitika zingayambitsidwe ndi chiwerengero cha zinthu, monga zakudya, mankhwala, mungu, kapena zinthu monga latex kapena nickel. Ngakhale zovuta zinazake monga kutentha, kuzizira, kupanikizika, dzuwa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi kugwedeza-zimatha kuyambitsa chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chimayambitsa kupanga mng'oma.
Kungodzichotsa nokha ku chikhomo kungakhale kokwanira kupereka chithandizo. Kawirikawiri, ming'oma yambiri ndi yokhazikika ndipo nthawi zambiri imatha kuthetsa maola angapo kapena masiku angapo opanda mankhwala.
Ngati ming†™ oma imakhala yowopsya, mungagwiritse ntchito konyowa, yozizira kwambiri kuti muchepetse kutentha komanso kuchepetsa kutupa. Njira yosavuta yochitira izi ndikutseka chiguduli mu mbale ya madzi oundana ndikugwiritsa ntchito molunjika khungu.
Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo vutoli, valani zovala zotayirira zopangidwa ndi thonje kapena zosalala, zopepuka ngati rayon. Pewani ulusi, nsalu, nsalu, kapena nsalu iliyonse yomwe ingakwiyitse khungu.
Muyeneranso kupewa kupewa kutentha kwambiri chifukwa izi zikhoza kuwonjezera zizindikiro. Ndipo, chirichonse chimene mungachite, musamawombere.
Zowonongeka za Over-the-Counter (OTC)
Njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira ming'oma ndi antihistamines . Amagwiritsira ntchito kupondereza histamine , mankhwala opangidwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi omwe amachititsa zizindikiro za matenda.
Kwa mitundu yambiri ya urticaria, anti -istraine (OTC) antihistamine ikhoza kupereka mpumulo wokwanira.
Mosiyana ndi achikulire antihistamines, mankhwala atsopano nthawi zambiri sali otchera ndipo amatha kwa maola 24. Zikuphatikizapo:
- Allegra (fexofenadine)
- Claritin (loratadine)
- Xyzal (levocetirizine dihydrochloride)
- Zyrtec (cetirizine)
Zotsatira zake zimakhala zofewa ndipo zimakhala ndi chizunguliro, pakamwa, pakamwa, kumangirira, ndi chifuwa.
Benadryl (diphenhydramine) , antihistamine wachikulire, kawirikawiri amapewa masana chifukwa cha kuchepa kwake koma kungakuthandizeni kugona ngati chilakolako chikukutsani usiku.
Anthu ena otchedwa Histamine H2-receptor , omwe amadziwikanso kuti H2 blockers, ndi gulu lina la mankhwala omwe nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito potsutsana ndi antihistamines. Kawirikawiri amauzidwa kuti ayambe kupsa mtima, H2 blockers amagwira ntchito mwa kuchepetsa mitsempha ya magazi pakhungu ndipo, pochita zimenezi, amachepetsa kutupa ndi kutupa. Amaphatikizapo malonda otchuka a OTC monga:
Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo mutu, chizungulire, kutsegula m'mimba, kupweteka kwa minofu, kupweteka kwa pamtima, ndi kupweteka.
Malemba
OTC antihistamines sangakhale olimba mokwanira kuti uchite mitundu yonse ya urticaria. Ndipotu mitundu ina yosavuta imakhala ndi mankhwala osiyana, makamaka ngati mankhwalawa ndi osiyana ndi thupi.
Zina mwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi antihistamines, corticosteroids, modifier leukotriene, ndi antioclonal antibody makamaka omwe amavomereza kuti mankhwala a urticaria ndi aakulu.
Antihistamines
Clarinex (desloratadine) ndi antihistamine yofanana ndi Claritin ndi Zyrtec koma yomwe imapezeka ndi mankhwala. Ndizochita mofulumira kwambiri kuposa ma OTC ndipo zingakhale zoyenera kuphulika kwakukulu kapena kufalikira.
Ngati antihistamines osagona atapereka chithandizo, dokotala wanu angapereke Vistaril (hydroxyzine moyo) kuti atenge nthawi yogona. Ndi antihistamine yamphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ambirimbiri kuphatikizapo urticaria wambiri, kukhudzana ndi dermatitis , ndi chitsulo chogwirizana ndi histamine (pruritus).
Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo kupweteka mutu, kupwetekedwa m'mimba, ndi masomphenya.
Corticosteroids
Ngati antihistamines salephera kupereka mpumulo ngakhale mankhwala oposa kapena oopsa, dokotala angasankhe kukuchititsani ndi corticosteroids kuti athetsetu kutupa ndi kunyoza.
Corticosteroids ndi steroid yopangidwa ndi munthu imatha kuchepetsa mphamvu ya chitetezo cha m'thupi. Choncho, ngakhale chifukwa chomwe chimayambitsa matenda kapena chitetezo cha mthupi (corticosteroids) chimatha "kuyiritsa pansi" zizindikiro pamene mankhwala ena sangathe. Prednisone kawirikawiri imaperekedwa kwa izi ndipo ikhoza kuperekedwa kaya ndi jekeseni kapena mawonekedwe a mapiritsi.
Corticosteroids ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kanthawi kochepa chifukwa cha chiopsezo chachikulu, kuphatikizapo osteoporosis, glaucoma, ndi shuga.
Kusintha kwa Leukotriene
Mapuloteni a leukotriene ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira mphumu. Amagwira ntchito poletsa kutuluka kwa leukotriene, chinthu chomwe sichimangotulutsa mavesi a mpweya koma kumalimbikitsa kutupa.
Powonongeka pamapeto pake, ma leukotriene amatha kusintha pochita mitundu yambiri ya urticaria (makamaka makamaka imene imayambitsa chakudya kapena aspirin) komanso mawonekedwe osalekeza (monga urticaria cholinergic ).
Mapuloteni a leukotriene angagwiritsidwe ntchito okha kapena osakaniza ndi antihistamine. Njira ziwiri zomwe mungakonzekere pano zikuphatikizapo:
- Zolondola (zafirlukast)
- Singulair (montelukast )
Zotsatira zofala za khansa ya leukotriene imaphatikizapo kupweteka mutu, kunyoza, kusanza, kusowa tulo, ndi kukhumudwa.
Doxepin
Doxepin ndi tricyclic yodetsa nkhaŵa yomwe imakhala ngati antihistamine wamphamvu. Ngati atayikidwa mlingo wochepa, doxepin ikhoza kukhala yothandiza kwambiri pochiza ming'oma yomwe ikupitiriza komanso yosadziwika bwino (yotchedwa idiopathic urticaria).
Doxepin iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'aniridwa ndi zachipatala chifukwa zimadziwika kuti zimayambitsa kudzipha ana ndi achikulire omwe ali ndi mbiri ya kuvutika maganizo kapena matenda ena. Zotsatira zina zimaphatikizapo kugona, kuuma mkamwa, kutaya madzi, kupweteka mutu, kutopa, chizungulire, ndi kusintha kwa maganizo.
Doxepin inagulitsidwa pansi pa mayina osiyanasiyana a mayina monga Silenor, Zonalon, ndi Prudoxin.
Xolair (Omalizumab)
Xolair (omalizumab) ndi mankhwala osakanizidwa poyamba omwe amaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu omwe sanamvere corticosteroids. Posachedwapa, avomerezedwa kuchiza matenda oopsa a idiopathic urticaria ngati mankhwala ena onse alephera.
Xolair ndi anti-monoclonal antibody yomwe imateteza mapuloteni, omwe amadziwika kuti immunoglobulin E (IgE) , omwe amathandiza kwambiri pa chifuwa ndi mitundu ina ya urticaria ndi dermatitis. Ponena kuti, asayansi sadziwa kuti Xolair imagwira ntchito bwanji ngati ming'oma yamtunduwu nthawi zambiri sizimayambitsa matendawa kapena zimayendetsedwa ndi IgE.
Zotsatira zoyipa kuphatikizapo jekeseni malo kutupa ndi ululu, chifuwa, chizungulire, kutopa, kupweteka kwa mtima, ndi chifuwa cholimba.
Mankhwala Osakaniza Owonjezera (CAM)
Ngakhale mankhwala ambiri othandizira ndi othandizira (CAMs) aperekedwa kuti azichiza urticaria yochuluka komanso yosatha, umboni womwewo ulibe wofooka. Izi ndi zoona makamaka ndi urticaria yopanda malire yomwe imamvetsetsa bwino kuti tilibe vutoli.
Ma CAM ena sangakhale opanda phindu, akhoza kukulitsa zizindikiro m'malo mowongolera. Chitsanzo chimodzi chotere ndi turmeric , zokometsera zachilengedwe zomwe zimapangidwa monga mankhwala a mng'oma. Ngakhale zili choncho, curcumin (zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtundu wa chikasu ukhale wachikasu) wakhala akudziwika kuti amachititsa kuti dermatitis ikhale yogwirizana komanso munthu wina wamtundu wa urticaria.
Zina zothandizira mankhwala, monga aloe vera gel , zimatha kuziziritsa koma sizikuwoneka kuti zimangokhala zozizira.
Ngati mwasankha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owonjezera kapena mankhwala amtundu uliwonse, onetsetsani kuti adalangize dokotala wanu kuti asamayanjane ndi mankhwala omwe mungakhale nawo. (St. John's Wort Mwachitsanzo, akhoza kuchepetsa ma antihistamines m'magazi anu).
Mwa mankhwala othandizira omwe angathandize:
Mabotolo Oatmeal a Colloidal
Ngati kutupa ndi kutupa zikukuchititsani kupsa mtima, mawonekedwe ofulumira kwambiri a mpumulo akhoza kukhala osamba ozizira. Nthawi yomweyo amachepetsa mitsempha yambiri yamagazi ndi kutentha misonkho yoopsa. Zowonjezera chimodzi zomwe zingathandizire kupititsa patsogolo kutupa kwadzidzidzi ndi colloidal oatmeal.
Ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wamakonowa sali wotsimikizirika, maphunziro ena ang'onoang'ono asonyeza kuti colloidal oatmeal-oatmeal yokongoletsedwa bwino muimadzi, gel, kapena kirimu-ikhoza kuchepetsa kuyabwa kwa kuyabwa pamene kulichepetsa khungu lotentha. Amapezeka ngati chowonjezera chotsuka kapena lotion lothandizira.
Kuti mupeze chithandizo chowonjezera, sungani mavitamini anu ochotsera mafuta m'firiji nthawi iliyonse pamene mankhwalawa ataya kwambiri.
Matenda a Maganizo
Ngakhale kupanikizika sikungachititse "urticaria pa se, zikuwonekeratu kuti zikhoza kukulitsa zizindikiro, makamaka kwa odwala nthawi yaitali. Anthu kawirikawiri amatembenukira kumaganizo a thupi pamene amavomereza kuti maganizo athu ndi maganizo athu zimakhudza thanzi lathu komanso maganizo athu.
Zochitika zina zingakhale zopindulitsa kuthetsa nkhawa. Zikuphatikizapo:
- Kusinkhasinkha, komwe kumakuphunzitsani momwe mungatulutsire malingaliro anu ku zowawa zakuthupi
- Kuchita kupuma mokwanira (pranayama), kuganizira mozama komwe mumaganizira za kupuma mwakuya
- Zithunzi zothandizidwa, zomwe mumapanga zojambula zowonongeka
- Kupuma msanga (PMR), momwe mumaganizira ndi kumasula minofu yanu imodzi
> Zotsatira:
> Bernstein, J ;; Lang, D ;; Khan, D. et al. Kusanthula ndi kuyang'anira urticaria yovuta komanso yosasintha: 2014. J Zachilombo Zamtundu wa Immunol. 2014; 133 (5): 1270-7. DOI: 10.1016 / j.jaci.2014.02.036.
> De Silva, N .; Damayanthi, H ;; Rajapakse, A. et al. Otsutsana ndi a leukotriene omwe amamenyana ndi urticaria osatha: kuyambiranso mwatsatanetsatane. Kachilombo ka khunyu ka Immumol Immunol. 2014; 10 (1): 24. DOI: 10.1186 / 1710-1492-10-24.
> Fadus, M .; Lau, C .; Bikhchandani, J. et al. Curcumin: Wakalamba wotsutsa-kutupa ndi anti-neoplastic wothandizira. J Chidindo Chimalimbikitsa Med . 2016; 7 (3): 339-346. DOI: 10.1016 / j.jtcme.2016.08.002.
> Reynertson, K .; Garay, M .; Nebus, J. et al. Ntchito zotsutsana ndi zotupa za colloidal oatmeal (Avena sativa) zimathandizira kuti oats azigwira ntchito pochizira kansalu kamene kali ndi khungu lakuda, lopsa mtima. J Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo. 2015 Jan; 14 (1): 43-8.