Mayesero osagwiritsidwa ntchito mosasinthika ndi mtundu wa phunziro loyesera kumene anthu amapatsidwa mwachindunji kuti akhale gulu lolamulira kapena lothandizira. Kenaka, chinachake chachitidwa ku gulu lothandizira (amapatsidwa mankhwala, masemina a maphunziro, uphungu, ndi zina zotero), pamene gulu lolamulira limasiyidwa palokha kapena limapatsidwa placebo. Pambuyo pake, asayansi amawona ngati zotsatira ziri zosiyana pakati pa magulu awiriwa.
Ngakhale kuti mawu awiriwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosasinthasintha, mosamalitsa osati mayesero aliwonse omwe ali ndi mayesero ndi mayesero osagwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta. Kuyesedwa kosawerengeka kukhala kuyesedwa kosasinthika kumafunika kukhala ndi gulu lolamulira limene sililandira mankhwala kapena kulowerera. Ngati magulu onse awiriwa apatsidwa njira zosiyana, ndiye kuti nthawi zonse otsutsa samaganiza kuti ndi "kuyesedwa". Komabe, nthawizina chithandizo choyenera chimaperekedwa kwa gulu lolamulira.
Poyesera kudziwa ngati mankhwala kapena mankhwala amathandiza pochiza kapena kuteteza matenda, mayesero osagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amawoneka ngati ndiyezo wa golidi . Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti kuyesedwa kosavuta, mosiyana ndi phunziro lofufuza, mukhoza kupeza lingaliro labwino. Mu kuyesedwa kosasinthika, chinthu chokhacho pakati pa magulu awiri ndi ngati adalandira mankhwala. Choncho, ngati anthu omwe ali ndi mankhwalawa ali ndi zotsatira zabwino, pali mwayi wokwanira kuti mankhwalawa adayambitsa zotsatira.
Mu mitundu ina ya maphunziro, kusiyana kosaonekera koma kofunika ndi kovuta kulamulira.
Ngakhale kuti mayesero olamuliridwa mwachisawawa angayesedwe kuti ndi "njira yabwino" yophunzirira vuto, maphunzirowa si othandiza nthawi zonse. Mayesero olamulidwa ndi Random angakhalenso njira yoyenera yothetsera vutoli.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti chifukwa chakuti phunziro silikuyesedwa mosasinthika sikutanthauza kuti ndi phunziro loipa kapena kuphunzira zopanda phindu. M'malo mwake, phunziro lirilonse liyenera kuweruzidwa pazinthu zokhazokha kuti liwone kulemera kwake kuyenera kuperekedwa. Palibe ngakhale mayesero onse omwe amayendetsedwa mosavuta.
Zitsanzo za Mayesero Oletsedwa Okhazikika
Pakati pa mayesero omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a HIV , akhoza kuyamba ndi gulu la anthu 1000, 500 adzalandira katemera pamene 500 adzalandira mphepo ya placebo, ndipo asayansi adzawona anthu angapo omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV pakapita nthawi.
Chiyeso chosagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu monga chithandizo (TaSP) chingapatse munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV mu banja la serodiscordant early treatment of HIV . Ndiye gulu lolamulira likhoza kulandira chithandizo choyenera (kuyembekezera kuyamba kanthini , kuyamikira makondomu). Maphunziro amenewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonyeza kuti TaSP ndi njira yothandiza kuchepetsa kugonana kwa HIV.
Zotsatira:
Hoffmann CJ, Gallant JE. Zolinga ndi umboni wothandizidwa ndi mavitamini a anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda. Chipatala cha Dis Disfect North Am. 2014 Dec; 28 (4): 549-61.
Paquette D, Schanzer D, Guo H, Gale-Rowe M, Wong T. Zotsatira za kachilombo ka HIV monga chithandizo pamaso pa njira zina zothandizira: maphunziro omwe anaphunziridwa kuchokera ku ndondomeko ya masamu omwe akupezeka m'mayiko olemera. Pre Med. 2014 Jan; 58: 1-8. lembani: 10.1016 / j.ypmed.2013.10.002.