Mwinamwake mwamvapo za munthu amene nthenda yake inakula pamene iwo anali ndi matenda a mono, kapena mwinamwake mmodzi wa abwenzi anu anavulaza nthenda yawo mu ngozi ya galimoto. Anthu ambiri, ngakhale, sakudziwa kumene kuli.
Nkhumba yanu ili kumbali yakumanzere ya m'mimba mwanu. Mimba ndi mapeto ena a mphukira (yotchedwa mchira) ali pafupi kwambiri.
Kawirikawiri, mpeni sungakhoze kumverera pa kuyesedwa, monga momwe zimakhalira pansi pa nthiti. Komabe, ngati nthata yanu ikukulitsa, yotchedwa splenomegaly, dokotala wanu (kapena inu) amatha kumva.
Kodi Spleen Wanu Amatani?
Nkhumba ndi chida chapadera chomwe chiri ndi ntchito zambiri. Amatengedwa kuti ndi membala wa maselo a mitsempha yotchedwa lymph nodes, tonsils, ndi adenoids. Ntchito yake yaikulu ndi kuchotsa "zopanda pake" m'magazi.
Nkhumbayi ikufanana ndi siponji yokhala ndi mabowo ambirimbiri (otchedwa sinusoids). Magazi athu onse amasankhidwa ndi ntchentche. Imodzi mwa ntchito zake ndi kuchotsa mabakiteriya m'magazi. Makamaka, ntchentche ndi yofunikira pochotsa zomwe zimatchedwa mabakiteriya omwe ali mkati mwazi. Ngati nthendayo siigwira bwino kapena iyenera kuchotsedwa opaleshoni, muli pachiopsezo chotenga matenda kuchokera ku mabakiteriya awa.
Mphuno ndi malo omwe maselo a m'magazi amadziwika kuti awonongeke ndi chitetezo cha mthupi.
Izi zimachitika mthupi monga maselo ofiira a m'magazi (maselo ofiira a m'magazi) ndi chitetezo cha mthupi (thandiletsiti).
Nkhumba imayang'ananso ubwino wa maselo ofiira a magazi. Ngati selo lofiira la magazi likuyandikira mapeto a moyo wake kapena silingathe kudutsa mwadongosolo la magazi moyenera, nthata imachotsa pamtunduwu.
Ndiponso ngati pali zinthu mu maselo ofiira a m'magazi omwe sayenera kukhalapo, nthata ikhoza kuchotsa zinthu izi.
Kodi Matenda Otani Amakhudza The Spleen?
Nthata ingakhudzidwe ndi matenda ambiri; tiyeni tione zochepa:
- Matenda a khungu lachilombo : Mu matenda a khungu lamakhwala, maselo ofiira a magazi omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito amakhala osasinthasintha ndipo angagwidwe mu ntchentche, zomwe zimayambitsa nthata. Pamene maselo ofiira ambiri amagawidwa mumphuno, amakula ndi kukula. Izi zimatchedwa mavuto omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asatengere magazi komanso akhoza kuchepetsa magazi. Maselo ofiira odwala amathanso kusokoneza minofu ya nthata, zomwe zimayambitsa nthata yomwe singathe kugwira ntchito bwinobwino. Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a sickle ali pa chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda.
- Thalassemia : Kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko (asanafike kubadwa), nthata imayambitsa kupanga maselo a magazi. Mu thalassemia, fupa la mafupa limakhala lovuta kupanga maselo ofiira ofiira, kotero nthenda imakula poyesera kupanga maselo ofiira ambiri a magazi.
- Udzu Wokhala ndi Ukhondo : M'madera ofiira a maselo ofiira, maselo ofiira amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osalimba ndipo amalowetsa m'matumbo. Izi zingachititse splenomegaly. Komanso, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osalimba, amachotsedwa msanga ndi ntchentche. Odwala ena omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la kuchepa kwa magazi, kuchotsedwa kwa mpeni kungakhale mankhwala othandiza.
- Matenda: Ndizochilendo ku matenda opatsirana ndi tizilombo kuti mphulupulu ikule. Izi zikufanana ndi nthawi yomwe maselo am'mimba mwako amakula pamene akudwala. Matenda owopsa omwe amapezeka ndi kutsekula kwa nthata ndi "mono" kapena mononucleosis, yomwe imayambitsa matenda a Epstein Barr. Ndiponso, kunja kwa United States, malungo ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha splenomegaly.
- Khansara: Mphuno imatengedwa ngati thupi lamaliseche, ndipo imatha kugwira ntchito m'matenda am'mimba (khansa ya lymphatic system). Ikhoza kuwonjezerekanso mu khansa ya m'magazi, khansara ya maselo oyera.
- Myeloproliferative neoplasms : Anthu omwe ali ndi myelofibrosis kapena polycythemia vera nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi splenomegaly monga gawo lawo.
- Kuchepetsa matenda oopsa : M'thupi lamakono, magazi sangathe kuyenda mosavuta kuchokera kumatenda mpaka chiwindi, kuchititsa kuti magazi aziwombera m'matumbo chifukwa cha splenomegaly.
- Zoopsa: Matenda otsekemera kwa nthata, monga momwe amawonera mu ngozi ya galimoto, akhoza kuwononga kapena kudula nthata.
- Zokwiya: Kutupa ngati matenda a nyamakazi, lupus, ndi sarcoidosis kungachititse kutupa m'mphuno kumayambitsa splenomegaly.
Kodi Mungatani Kuti Mukhale Ndi Moyo Popanda Malo Anu?
Ngakhale ntchito zofunikira za nthendayi, mukhoza kukhala popanda imodzi. M'madokotala ena, kuchotsa opaleshoni ya spleen (splenectomy) kungakhale chithandizo cha kusankha. Pambuyo pa splenectomy, muli pangozi yaikulu ya matenda opatsirana. Zowopsazi zikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi katemera komanso kuyesa kafukufuku wamankhwala ngati mukudwala malungo. Ngati nthendayi imachotsedwa, chiwindi chimatha kuchotsa ukalamba kapena maselo ofiira a mtundu wofiira. Ubwino ndi ngozi za splenectomy ziyenera kukambidwa ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu musanayambe.
Mawu Ochokera
Nkhumba ndi chiwalo chofunikira ndi ntchito zambiri. Splenomegaly, kutambasula kwa mpeni, kawirikawiri ndi chizindikiro cha matenda ena. Kawirikawiri, amachizidwa pochiza vutoli. Ngakhale splenectomy ingakhale chithandizo chamankhwala ambiri mwa mankhwalawa, sikuti nthawi zonse ndi kofunikira. Ngati splenectomy yakulangizidwa, onetsetsani kuti mukambirane ndi dokotala wanu zifukwa zomwe muyenera kuchitira opaleshoniyi komanso zomwe zingakhale zoopsa. Pamapeto pake, anthu ambiri amakhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wathanzi popanda kuphulika.
> Zotsatira:
> Schrier SL. (2017). Njira kwa wodwala wamkulu ndi splenomeagaly ndi mavuto ena a splenic. Mu TW Post, WC Mentzer ndi JS Tirnauer (eds.) UpToDate .
> McClain KL. (2017). Njira kwa mwanayo ali ndi phala lofutukuka. Mu TW Post, DH Mahoney, ndi C Armbsy (eds.) UpToDate .