Anthu ambiri ali ndi zikopa zowonjezereka, zopangira maulendo ndi zikhomo ndipo pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya misomali yosadziwikayi imakhala chifukwa cha matenda a fungal wa bedi, matrix, kapena mbale ya msomali. Zamoyo zam'mimba zomwe zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana kwambiri m'thupi ndi Trichophyton rubr u m . Matenda a matendawa ndi onychomycosis kapena tinea unguium.
Zimene Zikuwoneka
Pali mitundu inayi yosiyanasiyana ya onychomycosis ndipo amagawidwa ndi mbali ya msomali yomwe ikukhudzidwa. Matenda owopsa amatha kumapeto kwa msomali-pamene bowa limalowa mu hyponychium .
Poyamba, mbale ya msomali imagawanika pa bedi la msomali, njira yotchedwa onychomycosis. Kenaka, mapeto a msomali amatembenukira zowonongeka zachikasu kapena zoyera ndi keratin pansi pa msomali, zomwe zimapangitsa kupatukana. Nkhuku imakula mumsomali kuti ikhale yowopsya ndipo imatha.
Zowopsa
Zotsatirazi ndizimene zimalimbikitsa matenda a fungal kapena kulimbikitsa kukula kwa bowa.
- Nsapato zowonjezera zowonjezereka zala zakutsogolo, kusunga zala zakuthwa ndi zowirira-malo abwino kwambiri a nkhungu kukula.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungayambitse kupweteka pang'ono kwa hyponychium, kuti bowa lilowe.
- Mvula yamtunduwu imatha kufotokozera mapazi ku fungi.
- Matenda omwe amachititsa chitetezo cha mthupi monga Edzi ndi shuga zingathandize kuti matenda a fungal atha kuyamba.
Kusanthula kwa Onychomycosis
Sikuti msomali uliwonse wokhuthala, wonyezimira ndi matenda a fungal. Matenda ena omwe angayambitse misomali yowonjezereka ndi psoriasis, eczema, ndi lichen planus . Ndikofunika kuti matenda opachikidwa m'mitsempha amapezeka bwino chifukwa chithandizo ndi cha nthawi yaitali komanso chokwera mtengo.
Matenda a msomali amapezeka ndi kutenga zowonongeka pansi pa msomali.
Zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri zimapezeka pansi pa msomali ndi pafupi kwambiri ndi khungu, choncho msomali uyenera kukonzedwa musanatenge chitsanzo.
Pali mayesero awiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze matenda a msomali:
- Kuyesa KOH
- Fungal chikhalidwe
Kuyezetsa KOH kuli ndi ubwino umene ungayambe mwamsanga. Chikhalidwe cha fungalicho chimatenga masabata atatu kapena anai kuti abwerere koma amatha kuzindikira cholondola chamoyo, ngati pali funso lililonse.
Mitundu itatu ya Chithandizo
Mankhwala a onychomycosis ndi okwera mtengo komanso aatali. Pamafunika kudzipereka kwa wodwalayo kuti adye mankhwala kwa miyezi yambiri.
Mwamwayi, kukonzekera zam'mwamba (mankhwala omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito pamsomali) musachite bwino kuchiza matenda a msomali. A FDA avomereza lacicpixx (Penlac) yomwe imatchedwa matenda a misomali, koma nthawi zambiri sagwira ntchito. Zingakhale zosankha, komabe, kwa anthu omwe sangathe kumwa mankhwala opatsirana pakamwa (mapiritsi omwe mumamwa nawo).
Pali mankhwala atatu ogwiritsira ntchito pakamwa omwe amadziwika ndi ma ARV-omwe amavomerezedwa ndi FDA-omwe amavomerezedwa ndi matenda a msomali.
Mankhwala atatuwa ali ndi zotsatira zoopsa ndipo amagwirizana ndi mankhwala ambiri.
Aliyense amene amamwa mankhwala amtundu woyenera ayenera kukhala ndi mayesero a ma laberi omwe amachitidwa pofuna kuyang'anira chiwindi ndi maselo a magazi. Mankhwala otsegula pakamwa amakhala nawo pamsomali-choncho, akupitiriza kugwira ntchito ngakhale mankhwala atatha. Palibe mankhwala amodzi omwe amatha kutengedwa pakamwa.
- Terbinafine (Lamisil) ndi a FDA omwe amavomerezedwa kuti adziwe matenda opachikidwa ndi misomali ndipo ndi makumi asanu ndi awiri mpaka 90 peresenti yogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati atchulidwa. Terbinafine amagwirizana ndi mankhwala ena ochepa, makamaka caffeine ndi cimetidine. Mlingo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi 250 milligrams kamodzi patsiku kwa masabata asanu ndi limodzi chifukwa cha matenda a dogo ndi masabata khumi ndi awiri.
- Itraconazole (Sporanox) nayenso amavomerezedwa ndi FDA kuti azisamalira onychomycosis ndipo ndi 70 mpaka 80 peresenti yogwira ntchito. Itraconazole imagwirizana ndi mankhwala ambiri ndipo imayenera kutengedwa ndi chakudya. Itraconazole ikhoza kutengedwa tsiku ndi tsiku kapena ngati mankhwala opatsirana. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 200 milligrams kamodzi patsiku kwa masabata asanu ndi limodzi chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana ndi mano ndi masabata 12 kuti athane ndi matenda. Dayira ya pulsa ndi 200 milligrams kawiri pa tsiku kwa sabata imodzi pa mwezi, kubwerezedwa kwa miyezi iwiri kapena itatu.
- Fluconazole (Diflucan) si FDA -vomerezedwa kuti adziwe matenda a msomali. Ubwino wa fluconazole ndikuti umakhala m'thupi kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo umayenera kutengedwa mlungu uliwonse. Kafukufuku oyambirira amasonyeza kuti fluconazole ndizokwana 72 mpaka 89 peresenti. Mlingo umene umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mamiligalamu 450 kamodzi pa sabata kwa miyezi inayi kapena isanu ndi iwiri.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu muli ndi matenda a msomali, simuli nokha. Ndipotu, onychomycosis imakhudza anthu 10 peresenti ya anthu ambiri. Amuna amapezeka kuti amawapeza kuposa akazi, ndipo amakhala ndi mwayi wokhala owonjezeka omwe ali ndi zaka. Izi zanenedwa, onetsetsani kuti mukudwala matenda opatsirana, kaya ndi wodwala wodwalayo kapena dermatologist (dokotala yemwe amadziwika bwino pakhungu ndi misomali).
> Zotsatira:
> Thomas J, Jacobson GA, Narkowicz CK, Peterson GM, Burnet H, Sharpe C. Wosowa toychomycosis: vuto lalikulu la padziko lonse. J Clin Pharm Ther . 2010 Oct; 35 (5): 497-519.
> Westerberg DP, Voyack MJ. Onychomycosis: Misonkho Yamakono ya Kuzindikira ndi Chithandizo. Am Phys Physician . 2013 Dec 1; 88 (11): 762-70.