Matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi ena mwa matenda ovuta kwambiri padziko lonse. Iwe uyenera kuti ukhale pafupi ndi waumwini kuti uwafalikire iwo. Nanga n'chifukwa chiyani matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi ofala kwambiri? Chifukwa anthu sakudziwa mmene angachitire , atetezeni , ndi kuwapewa. Kapena akamachita, nthawi zambiri samafuna kuchita bwino.
Kodi matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi otani? Matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi matenda omwe amafalitsidwa makamaka ndi kugonana. Wothandizana naye amatha kuyambitsa matendawa kwa mnzake wina pa nthawi yogonana ( oral / vaginal / anal / etc.).
Si matenda onse omwe amakhudza ziwalo zogonana amalingaliridwa kuti ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana. Ena sali okhudzana ndi kugonana. Matenda ena ndi okhudzana ndi kugonana. Matenda opatsirana pogonana safalitsidwa panthawi yogonana. Komabe, akhoza kugonana ndi kugonana. Mwachitsanzo, matenda opangira mkodzo samakonda kupatsirana pogonana, koma kukhumudwa panthawi yogonana kungayambitse umodzi.
Nazi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe ayenera kukhala pawunivesiti yanu.
Chlamydia
Chlamydia ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri ochiritsidwa. Amayambitsa chibelekero cha amayi ndi penile urethra mwa amuna. Zizindikiro zake kawirikawiri zimakhala zopweteka pa nthawi yogonana komanso zimachokera ku mbolo kapena kumaliseche. Komabe, chifukwa cha chlamydia ndi imodzi mwa matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi kuti anthu ambiri omwe amapeza chlamydia alibe zizindikiro kwa milungu, miyezi, kapena zaka. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, iwo ali osokonezeka .
Ngakhale kuti mulibe zizindikiro, nkofunika kuti muwone ngati mukuganiza kuti mwakhala mukudziwidwa ndi chlamydia. Ngati simutero, zingathe kuwononga thupi lanu pomaliza . Kodi mukufuna kupewa chlamydia? Makondomu amathandiza kuti matendawa asathere .
Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea , chomwe chimatchedwa "clap," ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana. Kawirikawiri, imayambitsa ziwalo zofanana ndi chlamydia ndipo zimakhala ndi zotsatira zofanana.
Zizindikiro za mphutsi zimaphatikizapo kuyaka pamene ukukaka ndipo, mwa amuna, zoyera, zachikasu, kapena zobiriwira zochokera ku mbolo. Mofanana ndi chlamydia, komabe anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matendawa samakhala ndi zizindikiro. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake CDC ikuyesa kuti, ku United States kokha, pali milandu yoposa 120 kwa anthu 100,000 ... ndipo nambala imeneyo yakhala ikupita kwa zaka zingapo.
O, ndipo ngati ndiwe mmodzi wa anthu omwe amaganiza kuti kugonana kumalankhula ndi kugonana moyenera (kapena osati kugonana), muyenera kudziwa kuti matendawa amatha kupweteka mmero.
Pakali pano, chimodzi mwa zodetsa nkhawa kwambiri za matendawa ndi kuchiza. Pali vuto lalikulu la matenda oteteza maantibayotiki . Tsiku lina, matendawa samatha kuchiritsidwa konse.
Chizindikiro
Syphilis ndi STD yamba ndi mbiri yakale kwambiri. Chifukwa cha bakiteriya Treponema pallidum , chingayambitse mavuto aakulu ngati sichikuchitidwa.
Chilombochi chimapatsirana mwachindunji ndi zilonda zam'thupi, zomwe zimawonekera kumtundu wakuthengo ndi pakamwa , komanso mukazi kapena kumtunda. Izi zimatanthawuza kuti akhoza kupatsirana ndi kugonana mkamwa komanso kugonana kapena kugonana. Ndipotu, asayansi ena amaganiza kuti kugonana kumalo kumayambitsa kukwera kwa chiwembu mwa amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna.
Chifukwa chakuti zilonda za syphilis zikhoza kuoneka m'madera osaphimbidwa ndi kondomu, makondomu amachepetsa kuchepetsa kupatsirana koma samachotsa. Zilonda zopanda kupweteka (chancres) za syphilis oyambirira zikhoza kuchiritsa okha, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti matendawa apita. Zimangowonjezereka kwambiri kuti muzindikire ndi kuzichitira.
Mycoplasma Genitalium
Mu 2007, kufufuza kwapamwamba kwa achinyamata a ku United States kunapeza kuti STD yodziwika bwino, Mycoplasma genitalium idapitirira chiwombankhanga. Kuwonjezera apo, MG , monga gonorrhea ndi chlamydia, ikuyamba kuoneka ngati chifukwa chachikulu cha cervicitis mwa amayi ndi nongonococcal urethritis mwa amuna.
Nchifukwa chiyani watenga nthawi yaitali kuti azindikire kufunika kwa matendawa? Nthawi zambiri za M. genitalium sizimayambitsa zizindikiro. Zinali zovuta kuzindikira mpaka luso lamakono litapezeka. Palibenso chidziwitso cha MG chimene chatsuka ndi FDA kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito ku US
Ngakhale kuti kufufuza kumeneku kukudziwikabe, zikuganiziridwa kuti MG imakhudzidwa ndi zotsatira zoopsa za nthawi yaitali, kuphatikizapo kusabereka kwa matenda opweteka a m'mimba .
Trichomoniasis
Trichomoniasis ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri ochiritsidwa, omwe ali ndi kachilombo kawirikawiri kwa amayi kuposa amuna. Azimayi ena akhoza kulakwitsa matendawa a yisiti kapena bacterial vaginosis chifukwa zizindikirozo ndizofanana: kutentha kwambiri , kununkhira kwa ubongo , kupweteka kugonana , kukwiya, ndi kuyabwa .
Amuna angathe kutenga trichomoniasis, koma samakonda kukhala ndi zizindikiro. Komabe, ngati ndinu mayi amene mwapezeka ndi matendawa, onetsetsani kuti mnzanuyo akuchiritsidwa. Ngati mnzanu ndi mwamuna, kusinthana sikungamukhudze zambiri, koma simukufuna kuti akubwezereni. Ngati mnzanuyo ndi mkazi, mukhoza kudutsa matendawa.
Mankhwala a Papilloma / HPV
HPV ndithudi ndi STD yochuluka kwambiri. Maphunziro achikulire asanatenge katemera wa HPV analipo kuti magawo atatu a anthu ogonana anali ndi HPV nthawi ina m'miyoyo yawo ndipo gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a amayi ali ndi kachilombo nthawi iliyonse.
HPV ikhoza kudziwika kuti " kachilombo ka khansa ya pachibelekero ," koma mitundu yochepa chabe ya HPV imagwirizanitsidwa ndi khansa, ndipo imagwirizanitsidwa ndi zambiri osati kansalu ya khansa chabe . Zina zimayambitsa ziwalo zogonana , zida zina , kapena zizindikiro zosiyana.
Ngakhale kuti HPV imawoneka kuti ndi yosachiritsika, zizindikiro zake zimatha kuchiritsidwa, ndipo anthu ambiri amathetsa matenda paokha. Ndibwino kuti ana a zaka 11 mpaka 12 atenge katemera wa HPV kuteteza anyamata ndi atsikana ku mavenda anayi omwe amapezeka kwambiri.
HIV / AIDS
HIV ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Ikhoza kugawidwa pokhapokha ngati kusinthana kwa madzi amadzimadzi-kuphatikizapo umuna , zobisika za m'mimba, mkaka wa m'mawere, ndi magazi. Sichitha kulumikizidwa ndi kukhudzana mwachidwi .
Pakalipano, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amatchedwa anti-retroviral therapy ( HAART ), kapena mapulogalamu oletsa antiretroviral ( MAP ). Ngakhale mankhwalawa sangathe kuchiza matendawa, akhoza kuchepetsa mwayi woti kachilombo ka HIV kakula. HIV siigwilitsiro la imfa. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amakhala moyo wathanzi komanso wathanzi.
Nkhanu / Lamulo la Pubic
" Nkhanu " ndi mtundu wa nsabwe zomwe zimakhala pamutu pamtundu wa chiberekero ndipo nthawi zina pamadera ena omwe ali ndi tsitsi lopaka tsitsi, monga mphuno kapena nsidze. Kawiri kawirikawiri amafalitsidwa ndi kugonana , ngakhale kuti nthawi zina amatha kufalitsidwa ndi nsalu komanso zovala.
Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo kuyabwa m'deralo komanso mazira kapena mazira owonekera . Muyenera kudziwa kuti nkhiti sizili zofanana ndi nsabwe za mutu komanso kuti sizingathetse tsitsi lonse pamutu. Komanso sizowona kuti muyenera kumeta tsitsi lanu lonse ngati mutalandira kachilomboka.
Mphungu
Mphepete ndi matenda opatsirana a khungu omwe satenga nthawi zonse. Chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Sarcoptes scabei , mphere amachititsa kuphulika kwakukulu komwe kumawonjezereka usiku. Kuthamanga kumawoneka kawirikawiri m'makutu a khungu, monga pakati pa zala, pamphepete ndi mitsempha, komanso m'deralo.
Mbalameyi imadwala kwambiri, ndipo mite ikhoza kukhala ndi moyo kwa masiku ambiri. Sikuti imafalikira ndi kugonana kwapafupi koma ndi kukhudzana khungu ndi khungu kawirikawiri, kugawana zovala, tilu, ndi zogona.
Herpes / HSV
Herpes ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana. Zimabwera m'njira ziwiri, HSV1 ndi HSV2 . HSV1 nthawi zambiri imayanjanitsidwa ndi zilonda zozizira, ndipo HSV2 nthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsidwa ndi zilonda za m'mimba. Komabe, n'zotheka kutulutsa herpes kuchokera pakamwa mpaka kumaliseche komanso mosiyana.
Zizindikiro za herpes zingachiritsidwe ndi mankhwala odana ndi mavairasi, koma kachilomboka sikachiritsidwa. Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV amadziwa kuti angathe kutenga kachilomboka ngakhale alibe zilonda kapena zizindikiro zina. Ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu kungachepetse chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV, makondomu sali othandiza 100 peresenti chifukwa herpes amafalitsa khungu ndi khungu .
Chiwindi cha hepatitis / HBV
Pali mitundu yambiri ya chiwindi . Ngakhale kuti mavairasi osiyanasiyana amachilitsidwa kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, iwo amachititsa kuti chiwindi chiwonongeke. Mtundu wa hepatitis umene umagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi matenda a chiwindi ( B (HBV). Komabe, matenda a hepatitis C akhoza kupatsirana pogonana.
M'kupita kwa nthawi, matenda aakulu a chiwindi cha mtundu wa B angayambitse chiwindi cha khansa, chiwindi, ndi chiwindi . Mwamwayi, pali katemera komwe ingakuteteze ku matenda. Komabe, pafupifupi anthu 1,25 miliyoni ku United States ali ndi matenda aakulu a HBV.
Chancroid
Chancroid ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana chifukwa cha bacterium Haemophilus ducreyi. Ngakhale kuti sichidziwika kawirikawiri ku United States, m'madera ena padziko lapansi matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi omwe amachititsa kuti HIV ikhale yovuta kwambiri.
Zilonda zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimakhala zazikulu komanso zopweteka kwambiri kusiyana ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi syphilis, ngakhale kuti zizindikiro zoyambirira zingakhale zolakwika chifukwa cha matenda a sitiri .
Bacterial Vaginosis / BV
Bacterial vaginosis ndi chikhalidwe chimene mabakiteriya omwe ali ndi ubereki amatha kupezeka ndipo amatengedwa ndi zamoyo zosiyanasiyana. Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo kuyaka ndi kuyabwa kuzungulira umaliseche, zoyera kapena zoyera, ndi zofukiza zamphamvu zomwe zimaonekera makamaka pambuyo pochita zogonana.
Anthu ena amakayikira ngati BV ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana, koma zimagwirizananso ndi wokondedwa kapena mwamuna kapena mkazi wambiri. Mukhoza kutenga mankhwala opha tizilombo kuti muchotse BV, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala ikuwonetsanso ngakhale atalandira chithandizo. Matendawa angathe kuonjezera chiopsezo cha amayi cha kachilombo ka HIV, matenda opatsirana m'mimba , komanso kubadwa kwa nthawi yayitali (ana obadwa mofulumira kwambiri).
Nongonocococal Urethritis (NGU)
Mosiyana ndi matenda ambiri opatsirana pogonana omwe atchulidwa muwongolingaliwu , nthenda yosagwiritsidwa ntchito ya urethritis sichimayambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya kapena kachilombo ka HIV. Mmalo mwake, amadziwika ngati mtundu uliwonse wa urethritis umene suli chifukwa cha mphutsi. Zomwe zimayambitsa NGU ndi chlamydia ndi Mycoplasma genitalium . Zizindikiro za NGU zimaphatikizapo kuyaka pamene ukodza ndi kutaya kuchokera kumutu wa mbolo. Komabe, monga ndi matenda ambiri opatsirana pogonana, nthawi zambiri za NGU zimakhala zosavomerezeka .
Molluscum Contagiosum
Molluscum contagiosum ndi matenda a khungu omwe nthawi zambiri amawakhudza ana ndi akulu omwe akufooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Amapatsirana mwachindunji pakhungu, ndipo kotero pakati pa akuluakulu amatha kupatsirana pogonana.
MRSA
MRSA , kapena Staphylococcus aureus yosagonjetsedwa ndi methicillin , sichikudziwika kuti ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana, ngakhale kuti kafukufuku watsopano akusonyeza kuti mwina akhoza kupatsirana pogonana. Ngakhale kuti ambiri a MRSA amapezeka kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala china, akhoza kupitsidwanso ndi kukhudzana ndi khungu ndi khungu.
Lymphogranuloma Venereum
Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe poyamba ankaganiziridwa kuti akukhudza anthu m'mayiko otukuka. Komabe, tsopano ikukula padziko lonse lapansi. Pambuyo pa chiyambi choyamba pakati pa amuna omwe agonana ndi amuna (MSM) ku Netherlands mu 2003, LGV yapezeka m'magulu akutali a MSM kumadzulo kwa Ulaya, North America, ndi Australia. Chifukwa cha mtundu wa Chlamydia trachomatis , LGV imayanjanitsidwa kwambiri ndi kachirombo ka HIV ndipo, monga ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana, ikhoza kuonjezera chiopsezo chotenga HIV ndi kupeza.
> Zotsatira:
> 2015 Matenda Opatsirana pogonana Njira Zothandizira. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/std/tg2015/default.htm.
> Nkhani Zowonongeka. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/std/tg2015/emerging.htm.
> Matenda opatsirana pogonana (STDs) Deta ndi Ziwerengero. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats/default.htm.