Njira yothetsera sayansi yochepetsera ngozi yaumwini
Ngakhale khansara ya chiberekero ndi imodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri zachipatala zomwe mkazi angathe kuyang'anizana nazo, kupititsa patsogolo poyang'ana ndi kuteteza kwayamba kuyambitsa zinthu. Kuzindikira koyambirira kwapangitsa kuti tipeze njira zogwirira khansayo pamene zimachiritsidwa, pamene katemera ndi zina zowonjezera zimathandiza kuti chitukukocho chisachitike.
Mwachidule
Khansara ya chiberekero ndiyo yomwe imayambitsa matenda oopsa omwe amatha kupha moyo. Chiberekerochi chiri pambali yotsika kwambiri ya chiberekero (nthawi zina chimatchedwa chiberekero cha mimba) ndipo chimagwirizanitsa gawo lakumtunda kwa chiberekero ndi umaliseche.
Khansara ya chiberekero inali imodzi mwa opha amayi ambiri ku US Muzaka zaposachedwa, manambala awonetsa kwambiri kuti pulogalamu yamapulogalamu a Pap smear ayambe. Ngakhale zili choncho, amayi pafupifupi 9,000 amapezekabe ndi khansara chaka chilichonse, zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu oposa 4,000 afa.
Ngakhale sitidziwa njira zomwe zimayambitsa khansa, timadziwa kuti zinthu zingapo zingapangitse ngozi. Mmodzi mwa iwo ndi papillomavirus yaumunthu (HPV), matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe amagwirizana ndi pafupifupi khansa ya pachibelekero, komanso 92 peresenti ya khansa ya khansa.
Pap Screenings
Mapulogalamu a Pap ndi imodzi mwa njira zabwino kwambiri zothandizira khansa ya pachibelekero.
Zipangizo zamakono zowonongeka zingathe kuzindikira kuti kusintha kwakukulu kwa chiberekero kumagwirizana ndi chitukuko cha khansa, kuti chithandizo cham'mbuyo chikhale chapamwamba.
Kafukufuku wa Pap amavomerezedwa zaka zosachepera zaka zitatu (kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi pamene akuyesedwa ndi HPV).
Malangizowo amatha zaka zosiyana ndi zochokera ku American College of Obstetrics ndi Gynecology (ACOG).
Mapuloteni osavuta a Pap ndi ofala, zomwe sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi khansara kapena ngakhale kuti muli ndi khansa. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zilizonse za kuwerenga kosazolowereka, zambiri zomwe sizikukhudzana ndi khansa. Pamapeto pake, mayeserowa amangozindikira zosawerengeka pa kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi kagulu ka maselo a chiberekero (matenda otchedwa cervical dysplasia).
Ngakhale izi zikhoza kutanthauza vuto, zingatanthauzenso kanthu. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti mumvetsetse bwino mayeso anu ndi mawu a mapepala osapitirira a Pap .
Ngati mwakhala ndi dysplasia ndipo mutachiritsidwa, mudzafunika kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse (nthawi zina ndi mapepala a Pap smear ndi a colposcopic ).
HPV Katemera
Ngati muli pakati pa zaka zisanu ndi zinayi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri, mungafunike kuganizira mozama kupeza katemera wa HPV.
Panopa pali katatu katemera kamene kamayesetsa kupewa matenda osiyanasiyana a HPV omwe amagwidwa ndi khansa. Simukusowa kukhala namwali kuti muwombere . ndipo mukhoza kutemeredwa ngati mutakhala ndi kachilombo koyambitsa HPV. Inshuwalansi yanu ikhoza kuwerenganso mtengo wa katemera, nthawi zambiri monga gawo la chithandizo chawo cha thanzi.
Zosankha zamakono zamakono zikuphatikizapo:
- Gardisil, yomwe imateteza matenda a HPV 6, 11, 16, ndi 18
- Cervarix, yomwe imateteza HPV 16 ndi 18
- Gardisil 9, yomwe imateteza HPV 6, 11, 16, 31, 33, 45, 52, ndi 58
Katemerawa amayesetsa kuwongolera zovuta zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha khansa. Mwa izi, matenda a HPV 16 ndi 18 amaimira pafupifupi 70 peresenti ya khansa yonse ya khansa (komanso khansa ya penile, mutu ndi khosi). Enanso 20 peresenti ndi ofanana ndi HPV 31, 33, 34, 45, 52, ndi 58.
Matenda a HPV omwe sakhala ndi kachilombo kawirikawiri samayambitsa khansara koma amachititsa kuti ziphuphu zogonana zisamangidwe .
HPV 6 ndi 11 ndi mavuto awiri omwe amagwirizana kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe ichi.
Njira Zina Zothandizira
Pamapeto pake, zimatengera katemera wa Pap ndi kachilombo ka HPV kuteteza khansa ya chiberekero. Zina zimafuna kusintha pa zizoloŵezi ndi moyo kuti zisawonongeke pangozi koma kusintha bwino thanzi labwino.
Zina mwazovomerezeka:
- Njira zothandizira kupewa kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu ogonana komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu . Ngakhale makondomu sizinthu zowononga kupewera HPV, amapereka chingwe chowonjezera cha chitetezo. Kudziletsa kokha kungalonjeze zambiri.
- Ubwino wopereka ndudu ndi waukulu, osati kuchepa kwa chiopsezo cha khansa ya pachibelekero. Kwa amayi omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, kusuta kumagwirizanitsa ndi chiwopsezo cha khansa ya pachibelekero cha 14 pokha poyerekeza ndi amayi omwe alibe HIV. Kusuta kumaoneka kuti kumafulumizitsa kwambiri chiberekero cha chiberekero cha matenda a chiberekero pamene kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha mthupi cha munthu.
Mawu Ochokera
Khansara ya chiberekero lero ndi matenda osiyana kwambiri ndi zomwe zinali zaka 20 zapitazo. Tsopano tili ndi njira zochepetsera kwambiri chiwopsezo chaumwini komanso kuonetsetsa kuti matendawa akuyambanso kusamalidwa.
Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yopewera - yomwe imaphatikizapo kuyesera mapepa, katemera wa HPV, kugonana koopsa, ndi kutha kwa kusuta fodya - mukhoza kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo osati kwa inu nokha koma mbadwo wotsatira wa atsikana ndi atsikana. Zida zothandizira ziri m'manja mwanu.
> Chitsime:
> National Cancer Institute. "Chithandizo cha Khansa ya Kachiberekero (PDQ) - Health Professional Version." Ma Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland.