GP 120, GP 41, ndi GP 160
HIV ndi kachilombo kofiira. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosiyana ndi ma retrovirous ena ambiri. Sili ndi mapuloteni okha. M'malo mwake, pamene kachilombo ka HIV kamachoka mu selo yowonongeka kamatengera mbali ya maselo a plasma. Mbali iyi imakhala kachilombo ka HIV. Komabe, envelopu ya HIV siingokhala ndi zigawo zochokera kwa wolandiridwayo. Iyenso amapangidwa ndi mapuloteni a envelopu a HIV.
Mapuloteni a mavavupu a HIV amatenga gp 41, gp 120, ndi gp 160.
GP imaimira "glycoprotein". Glycoprotein ali ndi mavitamini, kapena shuga, ziwalo komanso puloteni. Chiwerengero pambuyo pa gp chikutanthauza kutalika kwa mapuloteni.
Zindikirani: Sikuti maglycoprotein onse amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mavairasi. Mapuloteni ambiri ofunikira kwambiri m'thupi amatinso glycoprotein. Momwemonso pali mapuloteni ena ambiri omwe amapezeka m'thupi la munthu.
Mapuloteni gp 120 ndi omwe amadziwika bwino kwambiri ndi mapuloteni a envelopu. Katemera wambiri wokhudzana ndi kachilombo ka HIV akhala akuyesera kuwongolera. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumangika kachilombo ka HIV ku CD4 maselo . Ofufuza ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ngati atha kusokoneza gp 120 kumangiriza, akhoza kuchepetsa kufala kwa HIV.
Kuphatikiza pa gp 120, gp 41 ndiyenso pothandiza kuthandizira kachilombo koyambitsa HIV. Zimathandiza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi maselo a feremu. Ichi ndi mbali yovuta ya njira ya matenda. Kusakanikirana kwa timagulu awiriwa ndi sitepe yoyamba yopereka kachilombo ka HIV mu selo kuti tibwerere.
Ndipotu, fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide imagwira ntchito mwa kusokoneza gp 41. Gp 41 ndipuloteni yomwe imasunga gp 120 kumakhala envelopu. Imakhala mu memphane ndipo imamangiriza ku gp 120. GP 120 sichigwirizana ndi envelopu mwachindunji.
GP 160 silimatu ya puloteni ya HIV.
Mmalo mwake, gp 160 ndizomwe zimapangidwira gp 120 ndi gp 41. Puloteni yochulukira imakhala yolembedwera ndi jini (envelopu) jini. Pambuyo pake amadulidwa m'magawo awiri ndi timadzi timene timagwiritsa ntchito maselo - 120 + 41 = 161. (GP 160 nthawi zina amatchulidwa mosiyana ndi gp 120 ndi gp 41. Komabe, izo zimasocheretsa.)
Udindo mu HIV kulowa ndi kutsegula
Mapuloteni a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a HIV ali ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri yowonjezera kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a Edzi. Zitha kukhala zofunikira kwambiri popewera ndi kuchiza. Komabe, zogwira mtima, mutu wa mapuloteni a envelopu a HIV umakhalapo pamakambirano oyezetsa magazi. Mwachitsanzo, Western Blot sichiwerengedwa kuti ndi yeniyeni yeniyeni ya HIV kupatula ngati munthu ali ndi ma antibodies motsutsana mapuloteni onse a HIV ndi mapuloteni oyambirira a HIV.
Palinso nkhaŵa zokhudzana ndi momwe mayeso a kachilombo ka HIV angakhudzire machitidwe oyesera. Chiwerengero chowonjezeka cha anthu omwe adayesedwa mu mayeserowa chingayambitse mayeso ambiri okhudzana ndi kachirombo ka HIV. Katemera kawirikawiri amapangidwa kuti apangitse thupi kupanga ma antibodies motsutsana ndi mapuloteni enieni, monga mapuloteni a envelopu a HIV. Popeza kuti ma antibodies amenewa ndi omwe alibe ma ARV, amawoneka kuti ndi abwino.
Ichi ndi chinthu chimodzi choti kunena kuti munthu akhoza kukhala wabwino ngati atulutsa kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a puloteni omwe angathandize kupeŵa.
Ngati mutenga nawo mbali pa katemera wa kachirombo ka HIV, auzani dokotala wanu. Muyeneranso kusunga zolemba zanu mosamala. N'zotheka kuti njira zowonetsera kachirombo ka HIV sizidzakhalanso zolondola kwa inu.
Chitsime:
Cooper CJ, Metch B, Dragavon J, Coombs RW, Baden LR; NIAID HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN) Katemera Wothandizira Katemera Woteteza Katemera (VISP). Katemera wokhudzana ndi matenda a HIV / reactivity kwa opatsidwa katemera omwe alibe kachilombo ka HIV. JAMA. 2010 Jul 21; 304 (3): 275-83.