Zizindikiro Zakale ndi Zakale za Khansa ya Chiberekero
Zizindikiro za khansa ya chiberekero zimasiyana ndi mkazi ndi mkazi, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri zimakhala zizindikiro zochepa m'mayambiriro a matendawa. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti amayi alandire mapepala a Pap, monga momwe kale komanso njira zowonongeka za khansara nthawi zambiri zimangowoneka pang'onopang'ono. Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe mkazi aliyense ayenera kuzidziwa, ndipo ndizomwe zizindikiro zidzasonyeze kuti ikupita patsogolo kapena kubwereza?
Kufunika Kudziwa Zizindikiro za Khansa ya M'kamwa
Ndikofunika kuzindikira nthawi yomweyo kuti zizindikiro zonse za khansara ya chiberekero zikhoza kukhala zizindikiro za zinthu zina-komanso kuti zifukwa zinazi ndizo chifukwa chachikulu cha zizindikirozi. Komabe, popeza chiwopsezo cha khansara ya chiberekero ndi bwino kuposa kale, zimakhala bwino kukhala mbali yochenjera ndikuyankhula ndi dokotala ngati muli ndi zizindikirozi. Komabe, n'kofunika kuzindikira kuti kuyang'ana khansa ya chiberekero ndi mapepala a Pap sizomwe zimagwira ntchito pozindikira khansara ya chiwindi. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ngakhale zotsatira zanu za Pap smear zili zachilendo.
Tapita kutali kuti tipewe matenda a khansa ya pachibelekero komanso kupewa kufala kwa matenda a khansa ya chiberekero, ndipo chiwerengero cha matendawa chimakhala pafupifupi 50 peresenti kuyambira 1980. Nthawi zina zimakhala zosavuta kuiwala kuti khansara ya chiberekero inali nthawi imodzi yomwe imayambitsa matenda a khansa kwa amayi. ku United States.
Sitikupezekabe, komabe mu 2018 akuti amayi 13,240 adzapezeka, ndipo oposa 4,170 adzafa ndi matendawa.
Matenda a Khansa ya Chiberekero ndi Kugwirizana kwa Zizindikiro
Pofufuza zizindikiro za khansara ya chiberekero ndizothandiza kuti muwone bwinobwino kumene chiberekero chikupezeka. Chiberekero-chomwe chimatchedwanso chiberekero cha chiberekero-ndicho chigawo chotsika kwambiri cha chiberekero chomwe chimafikira kumaliseche.
Dera ili la mapewa ndilo chikhodzodzo ndi gawo la coloni, ndipo zizindikiro za matenda mu ziwalo izi zikhoza kuthana ndi ena.
Khansa Yoyambirira ya Khansa ya Chiberekero Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro
Nthawi zambiri, kusintha kosasintha kwa chiberekero kumapitirira zaka zingapo, ngakhale khansa yapanga nthawi yayitali, osachepera chaka chimodzi. Popeza maselo a chiberekero akudutsa mndandanda wa kusintha kukhala maselo a khansa, n'zotheka kuwonetsa kusintha koyambirira kumene kumasonyeza kuti khansara ikhoza kuyamba. Pakati pa msampha wa khansa yowonongeka ndi yoyambirira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa ngati zizindikiro.
Maselo a Precancerous ndi Carcinoma In Situ
Mawu otanthauzira maselo oopsa kwambiri amavuta kwambiri. Kumbukirani kuti ambiri mwa "maselo osakanikirana" kotero kuti asakhale maselo a khansa . Maselo osadziwika omwe amapezeka pamap smear amatchulidwa kuti chiberekero cha dysplasia . Kusintha kumeneku kumaperekedwa "kalasi" ya I mpaka III malingana ndi momwe maselo akuwonekera. Popeza kuti mapepala a Pap amasonyeza kusakaza kwa maselo omwe amasonkhanitsidwa pamtundu wa chiberekero, maselowa ndi ovuta kuwunika kusiyana ndi maselo omwe amasonkhana pamodzi monga momwe amachitira. (Ngati mumasokonezeka ndi mawu monga ASCUS, LGSIL, HGSIL, ndi AGC, phunzirani zambiri za mawu omveka bwino a Pap ).
Maselo osadziwika omwe amapezeka pa colposcopy ndi biopsy amatchedwa kervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) . (Phunzirani zambiri za kusiyana pakati pa maselo achibadwa ndi maselo a kansa .)
Gawo loyamba la khansara ya chiberekero ndi stage 0 kapena carcinoma in situ . Mu zotupazi, maselo sankafalikira kudera lina lotchedwa chipinda chapansi ndipo amaonedwa kuti alibe. Khansara ikafalikira pamtunda wapansi - pamene ndiyambe kupita ku gawo la IV-imaonedwa ngati khansara yoopsa.
Zizindikiro Zambiri Zomwe Zimagwirizanitsa Khansa ya M'kamwa
Khansara ya chiberekero sizimayambitsa zizindikiro mpaka chotupacho chikusowa.
Mawu osokonezeka sakutanthauza kuti khansara yayamba kufalikira kapena ngakhale yakhala ikuyendera minofu yoyandikana nayo, imangotanthauza kuti khansara yalowa mu chipinda chapansi. Ngakhale kansalu ya khansa ya m'kamwa imaonedwa ngati yosavuta ndi tanthauzo limeneli. Zizindikiro zowonjezereka zimaphatikizapo kutuluka magazi, kupweteka, ndi kutuluka (onani m'munsimu.)
Kuchetsa kwapachirombo kosavomerezeka (Kutsekemera kosafunika kwa chiberekero)
Kuchetsa magazi kwachiberekero ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha khansa ya pachibelekero. Kutuluka uku kungatenge mitundu yosiyanasiyana monga:
- Kuchepetsa magazi m'mimba . Kutaya magazi pakati pa nthawi ya msambo ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha khansa ya chiberekero, ndipo chimatha kupezeka kulikonse. Kutaya magazi pambuyo pa kutha kwa thupi kumakhudzidwanso, powalingalira kuti theka la amayi likhoza kukhala ndi khansa ya pachibelekero ali m'zaka zapakati, ndipo 15 peresenti ya khansa imeneyi imapezeka atakwanitsa zaka 65. Kuika magazi pambuyo pake kumayesedwa nthawi zonse.
- Kutsekedwa pambuyo pochita zogonana (kutuluka magazi pambuyo pake). Kutsekedwa pambuyo pa kugonana-ngakhale ngati pang'ono-kuyenera kuyesedwa. Kutuluka kwa magazi pamtunduwu kumakhudzana kwambiri ndi matenda ena, monga matenda, koma nthawi zonse ayenera kuyendera dokotala, ngakhale magazi atakhala ochepa.
- Kuchedwa kwa msambo wopitirira muyeso . Nthawi yomwe ndi yolemetsa kuposa yachizolowezi kapena yautali kuposa yachibadwa kwa inu muyenera kutchulidwa kwa dokotala wanu. Kumbukirani kuti mkazi aliyense ndi wosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi yomwe masiku asanu ndi atatu angakhale okhudzidwa ndi munthu yemwe nthawi zambiri amakhala masiku awiri kapena munthu amene amakhala masiku 9.
Izi zimatulutsa magazi ndipo nthawi zina zimachotsedwa mosavuta. Onetsetsani kuti mukulankhulana ndi dokotala ngati muwona ngakhale malo ochepa a magazi panthawi yomwe simukukhala ndi nthawi yanu.
Kupweteka kwapala
Kupweteka kwa majeremusi kungakhale chizindikiro cha khansa ya pachibelekero koma pali zina zambiri zomwe zingayambitse. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ululu wamkati ukhozanso kukhala chizindikiro choyambirira cha khansara ya ovari ; khansara yomwe imakhala yosavuta kwambiri kuchiritsa kumayambiriro kwa matendawa ndipo yapangidwa "wakupha mwakachetechete" chifukwa chosowa zizindikiro kumayambiriro. Zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka kwa ululu, komabe, zimakhala zowononga, monga ziphuphu zokhudzana ndi msambo. Kupweteka kwa majeremusi kungakhale kosalekeza kapena kothamanga, koopsa kapena kosavuta ndi kosavuta, komwe kumapezeka kapena kufalikira pamimba ndi mmbuyo.
Zowawa panthawi yogonana , yotchedwanso dyspareunia ingakhalenso chizindikiro cha khansa ya pachibelekero. Kusokonezeka pa kugonana komwe kumapitilira kuyenera kuyesedwa nthawi zonse, pokhapokha pazochitika zomwe zingakhale zofunikira, komanso zomwe zimakhudza mtima.
Kutaya kwa Vaginal
Kutaya kwa abambo osalongosoka ndi chizindikiro china cha khansara ya chiberekero, ngakhale kuti chizindikiro ichi chimakhala ndi zina zambiri (ndi zambiri) zimayambitsa. Zikhoza kapena zosakhala fungo lokhudzidwa ndi kutuluka kwa thupi, ndipo kutuluka kwa thupi kungakhale kofiira, kowala kapena kolemera, pakatikati kapena nthawi zonse. Zonsezi, kumaliseche kwa amayi chifukwa cha khansa imakhala yofiirira kwambiri mtundu, koma izi zimasiyana kwambiri.
Azimayi ambiri amatha kumwa nthawi zina, ndipo nthawi zambiri izi zimagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa mahomoni. Ngati mukudandaula mungathe kupeza ndondomekoyi pa nthawi yoti muwone dokotala wanu ndi chikazi.
Zizindikiro Zotsatira za Khansa ya Khansa
Pali magawo anayi a khansa yapachiberekero yosautsa . Zizindikiro za mapangidwe apamwamba kapena kukula kwa khansara ya chiberekero zingakhudze zigawo zambiri za thupi.
Zina mwa zizindikirozi zingakhale zokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa metabolism yomwe imakhudzana ndi khansa, monga kuwonongeka kwadzidzidzi (kutayika kwa 5 peresenti ya kulemera kwa thupi pa miyezi 6 mpaka 12), kutopa, ndi kunyoza.
Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi kukula kwa mimba m'mimba mwazi zimaphatikizanso ululu wammbuyo (womwe ukhoza kupitirira miyendo). Kupsyinjika kuchokera ku chotupa m'mimba mwa pakhosi kungayambitsenso kutupa m'modzi kapena miyendo yonseyo. Zizindikiro za m'mimba ndi chikhodzodzo zimachokera ku ululu woyeretsa kapena kuthamanga kwa thupi kuti chidziwitso chichitike.
Pamene khansara ya chiberekero imafalitsa ( metastasizes ) ku madera ena a thupi, zizindikiro zikhoza kukhala zokhudzana ndi dera lomwe likufalikira. Mwachitsanzo, kupweteka kwa pathupi ndi kumbuyo kumachitika pamene khansara ya chiberekero ikufalikira ku mafupa ndi kukokera kumachitika ngati imafalikira m'mapapu .
Zimene mungachite Ngati Muli ndi zizindikiro za khansa ya pachibelekero
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za khansa ya chiberekero, pangani mgwirizano ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu. Nthawi zambiri zizindikirozi zidzakhudzana ndi matenda ena, koma khansa ya pachibelekero imatha kupweteka kwambiri ikagwidwa kumayambiriro.
Mukamaliza msonkhano wanu, wolandira alendo adzafunsa chifukwa cha ulendo wanu. Onetsetsani kuti mumudziwe za zizindikiro zanu. Izi zikhoza kudziwa momwe mwamsanga muyenera kuwonera dokotala wanu. Ngati simukumva bwino kulankhula ndi wolandiridwa za zizindikiro zanu, funsani kulankhula ndi namwino.
Musanalembedwe, lembani zizindikiro zanu. Phatikizani mfundo monga nthawi ndi nthawi yomwe mumakhala ndi zizindikiro, ndi mankhwala ati (ngati alipo) kuchepetsa zizindikiro, ndi nthawi yayitali bwanji mutakhala ndi zizindikiro. Zonsezi zidzakuthandizani dokotala kuti adziwe bwinobwino.
Zoopsa za Khansa ya Chiberekero
Kukhala ndi zoopsa zina zingapangitse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansara ya chiberekero, koma anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi khansara ya chiberekero alibe zifukwa zomveka zowopsa. Ngati muli ndi zina mwaziopsezozi, zingapangitse mwayi kuti zizindikiro zanu zikhale zovuta, koma kambiranani ndi dokotala ngakhale mulibe izi. Zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansara ya chiberekero ndi:
- Mbiri ya matenda a HPV
- Kusuta
- Kukhala ndi ana ochulukirapo (apamwamba)
- Chitetezo cha m'thupi (mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku HIV kapena mankhwala a khansa)
- Kugonana ali wamng'ono
- Kukhala ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha ogonana nawo
- Kuwonetsera kwa diethylstilbestrol (DES) mu utero (KUCHITA ndi chiopsezo cha khansa yachiberekero yosawerengeka yomwe imatchedwa kansalu ya khansa ya chiberekero koma sanagwiritsidwe ntchito ku US kuyambira 1971)
Kuyeza Khansa ya Chiberekero
Monga tanenera kale, kubwera kwa pap smear kufufuza kwa khansara ya chiberekero kwachepetsa chiwerengero cha imfa kuchokera ku matendawa kuyambira 1980. Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira ndondomeko zowunikira, koma kumbukirani kuti izi ndizo ndondomeko zowonetsera anthu onse. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zokhala ndi zofufuzira (kapena kuti zisamawonetseke) kwa inu nokha zomwe sizikukhudzidwa ndi ndondomekozi. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti mayesero oyesera amawunikira anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za matenda omwe alibe zizindikiro za matenda. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zomwe zalembedwa kale, mayesero ena angapangidwe kupyolera pa pepala loyang'ana pap. Ngati simukudziwa ngati mukufunikira mayeserowa, onani zotsatirazi zowunikira khansa ya pachibelekero .
Kuzindikira Khansa ya Chiberekero
Pali njira zingapo zomwe khansara ya chiberekero imapezeka. Onani zotsatirazi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti muzindikire khansa yapachibelekero .
Mawu ochokera
Monga taonera kale, zizindikiro za khansa ya pachibelekero zili ndi zifukwa zina zambiri. Nthawi zambiri, kupweteka kudzapeza kuti zizindikiro zanu zimagwirizana ndi zosiyana, komanso zovuta kwambiri. Chidziwitso "kukhala bwinoko kusiyana ndi chisoni" kungakhale mantra yabwino ngati muwona zizindikiro zomwe zingakhale zizindikiro zoyambirira za khansa iliyonse .
Poyankhula ndi dokotala wanu za zizindikiro zanu, kumbukirani kuti mankhwala si sayansi yakuda ndi yoyera. Ngati muli ndi pap smear yachibadwa koma palibe kufotokoza kwa zizindikiro zanu, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Ngati mupitirizabe kukhala ndi zizindikiro zomwe sizikudziwika kapena mukudandaula, funsani mayeso ena kapena pemphani lingaliro lachiwiri. Khalani wovomerezani wanu pa chisamaliro chanu chaumoyo.
> Zotsatira:
> American Cancer Society. Zofunika Zambiri za Khansa ya Chiberekero. Kusinthidwa 01/04/18. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cervical-cancer/about/key-statistics.html
> Society of American Society of Oncology. Khansara ya Chiberekero: Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro. Kusinthidwa 07/2017. https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/cervical-cancer/symptoms-and-signs
> National Cancer Institute. Chithandizo cha khansa yachiberekero (PDQ) - Health Professional Version. Kusinthidwa 01/31/17. https://www.cancer.gov/types/cervical/hp/cervical-treatment-pdq