Matenda Achilendo Omwe Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito ndi Khansara ya Khansa ndi Akansara
Mankhwala a papillomavirus (HPV) omwe amapezeka ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana lero. Amapangidwa ndi ma virus oposa 150, omwe 30 amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khansa. Malingana ndi mavuto omwe mumapezeka nawo, HPV ikhoza kuyambitsa ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi, kuphatikizapo anus ndi ziwalo za thupi, ngakhale kuti ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV samadziwa.
Panopa palibe mankhwala a HPV.
Oposa 50 peresenti ya akuluakulu okhudzana ndi kugonana amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kamodzi, pamene amayi opitirira 80 mwa amayi 100 alionse omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV amapezeka kachilombo ka HIV.
Malingana ndi ziwerengero zochokera ku Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, anthu oposa 30,000 khansa ku United States amatchulidwa kuti ndi HPV chaka chilichonse. Ngakhale kuti HPV imagwirizanitsidwa ndi khansa ya khansa ndi khansa ya ana (96 peresenti ndi 93 peresenti ya milandu), imathandizidwa ndi khansa ya penile , khansa ya mmimba , komanso khansara yamapapo .
Kuopsa kwa khansa imeneyi kumayenderana ndi zina mwazinthu, vuto la HPV komanso njira yogwiritsira ntchito kugonana. Zina mwazidziwitso, monga kusuta ndi matenda omwe alipo opatsirana pogonana (kuphatikizapo kachilombo ka HIV), akhoza kuonjezera mwayi wa munthu kuti akhale ndi khansa.
Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mwapezeka kuti muli ndi HPV, zingayambitse nkhawa komanso ngakhale alamu, koma pali zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti musachepetse chiwopsezo koma kupewa kupewa kufala kwa kachirombo ka HIV. Palinso katemera omwe angathandize kuteteza matenda poyamba.
Kuphunzira zenizeni ndilo choyamba chochepetsera chiopsezo chanu cha matenda kapena matenda.
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za HPV , ngati ziwuka, zimawoneka ngati mawonekedwe a kukula kwa kolifulawa wotchedwa warts warts. Nkhondo ingakhalenso yopanda kanthu. Zikhoza kupezeka m'mimba, m'mimba, m'kamwa, kapena m'mimba mwake. Zokwera izi zingatenge masabata kapena zaka kuti zikhazikike pambuyo poyambira.
Kupezeka kwa nkhondo sikutanthauza kuti mulibe HPV, komabe. Nkhondo zimatha kukhala internalized-choncho, sitingathe kuzizindikira-ndipo, nthawi zina, sipangakhale mawonekedwe enieni a matendawa.
Momwemo, maonekedwe kapena kukhalapo kwa wart (kapena kusowa kwawo) si njira yabwino yodziwira ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV kapena ayi, zomwezo zimapita kwa mnzanuyo. Kuyesedwa kokha kokha kumakuwuzani inu.
Zimayambitsa
HPV imayambitsidwa ndi kugonana, kugonana, kapena kugonana m'kamwa ndi mnzanu amene ali kale, ndipo ndiye amene amatumiza kachilombo ka HIV pogwiritsa ntchito khungu ndi khungu.
Matenda a HPV ndi omwe amachititsa chiopsezo cha matenda opitirira khansa. Mitsempha imatha kukhala magawo awiri:
- Zovuta zazing'ono zingayambitse zilonda za m'mimba koma zimatengedwa ngati "osadziwika" chifukwa sizigwirizana ndi chitukuko cha khansara ya khansa kapena khansara ya ana.
- Mavuto aakulu kwambiri amachititsa mantha kwambiri, chifukwa amatha kuyambitsa maselo othandizira khansa ( dysplasia ).
Ngati ntchentche zikuoneka, sizikutanthauza kuti mudzapeza khansa. Ndipotu, zida zambiri zokhudzana ndi chiberekero ndi zabwino komanso zosaopsa.
Kudziwa
Chimodzi mwa zida zowunikira za HPV ndi Pap smear -kwa amuna ndi akazi. Malingaliro opatsirana amasiyana mosiyanasiyana:
- Kwa amayi , kafukufuku wamapiritsi ndi mapepala a Pap ndiwo njira zabwino zodziwira matenda a HPV. Kuyezetsa kwa HPV, komwe kumayang'ana kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, kungachitenso.
- Kwa amuna , kuyezetsa thupi ndi sagaar ya anal kapha ; Izi zimagwiridwa ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya khansa. Mwatsoka, palibe test HPV yovomerezedwa kwa amuna. Komanso, kuyezetsa khansa ya khansa sikuvomerezedwa kwa wina aliyense, mwina, amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna (MSM) omwe amagonana nawo.
Ngati wolowa akuwoneka ngati akukayikira, dokotala akhoza kuchita chiwopsezo . Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa minofu kuti iwonetseke mu labu. Chiwopsezo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la kafukufuku wa chiberekero, umaliseche, ndi nthenda (pogwiritsa ntchito colposcope ) kapena kanjini ya anal (pogwiritsira ntchito kachilomboka).
Chithandizo
Chithandizo cha HPV chidzadalira zizindikiro ndi zofufuza zachipatala. Nthaŵi zambiri, dokotala amatha kutenga njira yolondera ndikudikirira mayesero omwe amatsatira nthawi zonse.
Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri siwongolingalira komanso yosasangalatsa, zida zambiri zokhudzana ndi mawere sizimayambitsa matenda aakulu. Ambiri amatha kuchiritsidwa kunyumba ndi zokometsetsa zoperekedwa ndi dokotala. Njira zina zimaphatikizapo kuzizira (cryotherapy), kutentha (cautery), kapena opaleshoni kuchotsa chopukutira. Mankhwala a laser ndi trichloroacetic amapezeka.
Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya mavairasi okhudza khungu, palibe mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Komanso, kuchotsedwa kwa khungu sikumatengedwa kukhala ochizira. Kuchotsa kumangotenga chizindikiro, osati kachilombo. Nthawi zina, chovalacho chimatha kubwerera. Choncho, cholinga cha chithandizo ndi kuwunika kwa zovuta za matenda a HPV kuphatikizapo chitukuko cha nkhondo, dysplasia, ndi khansa.
Pazochitika zosayembekezereka kuti khansa imapezeka, mutha kutumizidwira kwa oncologist kuti muyambe kuyambitsa matendawa ndikusankha njira yoyenera ya chithandizo.
Kupewa
Kupewa HPV ndikofunika kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu cha matenda kapena kufalikira kwa kachirombo ka HIV.
Njira zogonana zogonana zingachepetse kwambiri chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV. Izi zikuphatikizapo kukhala ndi chiwerengero chochepa cha ogonana ndi kugwiritsira ntchito makondomu (ngakhale pa nthawi yogonana).
Palinso katemera osiyana atatu omwe amapezeka kuti ateteze matenda ambiri a HPV:
- Cervarix , yomwe imateteza HPV 16 ndi 18
- Gardasil , yomwe imateteza HPV 6, 11, 16, ndi 18
- Gardasil 9, yomwe imateteza HPV 6, 11, 13, 31, 33, 45, 52, ndi 58
Katemera wa HPV sali woyenera kwa aliyense. Zomwe zimalangizidwa kwa atsikana ndi anyamata kuyambira ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri (komanso ngakhale ngati ana asanu ndi anayi). Zingagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi zonse mpaka zaka 26 muzimayi ndi 21 mwa amuna. Anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu, monga MSM ndi anthu omwe ali ndi HIV, akhoza katemera pa msinkhu uliwonse.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngakhale kuti mwachibadwa kumakhala ndi nkhawa mukakumana ndi chovala chamkati, ndikofunika kuti musaganizire. M'malo mwake, penyani dokotala mwamsanga ndipo muwone.
Ndondomeko ya matenda a HPV ndi yofulumira komanso yopweteka. Ndipo ngati mutayesa zowonjezereka, zikutheka kuti vuto lanu siliri lalikulu. Pazochitika zosayembekezereka zomwe zilipo, mankhwala opatsirana khansa amapezeka omwe amapereka mankhwala apamwamba ngati ayamba msanga.
Chinthu chimodzi chimene simukuyenera kuchita ndi kunyalanyaza chovala chamkati. Mofanana ndi mtundu uliwonse wa khansara, matenda opatsirana msanga nthawi zonse amatanthawuza kupambana kwakukulu kwa mankhwala.
> Zotsatira:
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. "Kodi ndi khansa zingati zogwirizana ndi HPV Chaka chilichonse?" Atlanta, Georgia; zasinthidwa pa March 3, 2017.
> Meites, E .; Kempe, A .; ndi Markowitz, L. "Kugwiritsira ntchito ndondomeko ya 2-Dose ya Human Papillomavirus Vaccination-Maphunziro Otsindika a Komiti Yopangizira Zopangira Mavitamini." MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016; 65 (49); 1405-8.
> National Cancer Institute. "Pakati pa HPV ndi Khansa." Rockville, Maryland; zasinthidwa pa December 16, 2016.