Njira zogonana zolimbitsa thupi ndi katemera ndizofunika kuti mutetezedwe
Mosiyana ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana (HPV), HPV imangotenga kukhudzana khungu ndi khungu; ngakhale kugonana kapena kusinthana kwa madzi amthupi n'kofunika. Chifukwa palibe mankhwala omwe amapezeka kuti athe kuchiza matenda a HPV, kupewa njira yabwino kwambiri yotetezera thanzi lanu ndi iwo omwe akuzungulira. Izi zikuphatikizapo njira zogonana zogwiritsira ntchito, koma zingaphatikizepo kupeza katemera wa Cervarix, Gardasil, kapena Gardasil 9.
Monga HPV ndiyo matenda opatsirana pogonana kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi (anthu opitirira 70 peresenti ya anthu amakhudzidwa ndi vuto limodzi), njira zothandizira zikhale maganizo apamwamba kwa aliyense amene akugonana m'njira iliyonse.
Kudziletsa
Pakalipano, pali njira imodzi yokha yopewera HPV: kudziletsa. Kaya iyi ndi njira yeniyeni kwa inu ndikumapeto kwa inu.
Komabe, ndi HPV, pali nsomba: Mosiyana ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana omwe amadutsa kugonana, HPV ikhoza kufalikira mwa kungosakaniza khungu la kachilombo khungu lopanda matenda. Choncho, zinthu zina zotetezeka, zomwe sizingalowedwe monga kugonana ndi chiwerewere ("dry humping") zingathe kufalitsa matenda mosavuta monga kugonana.
Komanso, chifukwa chiopsezo cha HPV chikuwonjezeka ndi chiwerengero cha anthu omwe agonana nawo pa moyo wawo wonse , makolo ndi aphunzitsi ayenera kulimbikitsa achinyamata kuti achepetse kugonana kwa nthawi yaitali ndikuwathandiza kumvetsa mavuto omwe HPV amafunsa.
Komabe, ngakhale atsikana ali osasamala, katemera wa HPV amalangizidwa (onani m'munsimu).
Kugonana Kosavuta
Njira zogonana zolimbitsa thupi nthawi zambiri ndizoyambirira kwa HPV kuteteza anthu ambiri. Ndondomekozi zingachepetse kwambiri chiopsezo chanu ndipo nthawi zonse ziyenera kukhala mbali ya dongosolo lanu la kupewa HIVV.
Makondomu
Makondomu ndiwo ofunika kuthetsa chiopsezo cha HPV.
Nkofunika kumvetsetsa, komabe, kuti samatetezera malo omwe angathe kukhala ovuta kwambiri monga minofu, mazira, nthendayi. Izi zinatsimikiziridwa ndi mbali ya kafukufuku wa zaka zinayi zomwe bungwe la Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) linayambitsa, lomwe linagwiritsira ntchito kuti makondomu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha 50% pa vuto la HPV pakati pa amuna omwe si amuna okhaokha omwe ali ndi zibwenzi zambiri othandizana nawo.
Kugwiritsira ntchito kondomu kumagwirizana ndi kolondola n'kofunika, kuphatikizapo panthawi yogonana .
Ogonana
Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu ogonana nawo chiyenera kuganiziridwa mofananamo. Kafukufuku ambiri awonetsa kugwirizana kwachindunji pakati pa matenda a HPV ndi chiwerengero cha anthu ogonana ndi munthu pa moyo wawo wonse. Ndipotu, phunziro la 2013 kuchokera ku Germany linatsimikizira kuti ziwopsezo zazikulu zokhudzana ndi matenda a chiberekero ndi a chiberekero anali chiŵerengero cha kugonana ndi kuyamba kugonana ali aang'ono. (Mng'ono waunyamata akuwonetsa chiwerengero chachikulu cha ogwirizana nawo nthawi zonse.)
HPV Katemera
Pali katemera katatu omwe alipo kuti ateteze mitundu yambiri ya HPV:
- Gardasil yomwe imateteza HPV 6, 11, 16, ndi 18
- Cervarix yomwe imateteza HPV 16 ndi 18
- Gardasil 9 yomwe imateteza HPV 6, 11, 13, 31, 33, 45, 52, ndi 58
Komabe, katemera wa HPV sali woyenera kwa aliyense. Malingana ndi CDC, magulu ena ayenera kupatsidwa katemera wokhudza msinkhu wawo komanso ngozi zawo:
- Katemera angayambe mwa anyamata ndi atsikana omwe ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 11 ndi 12. Ngakhale ana omwe ali ndi zaka 9 angathe kupatsidwa katemera, ngati n'koyenera.
- Katemera akhoza kuperekedwa kwa amayi mpaka zaka 26 ndi amuna mpaka zaka 21.
- Anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo chotenga matenda (kuphatikizapo amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna, transgender anthu, ndi anthu omwe ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV) angathe kupatsidwa katemera ngati sanalandire kapena katemera katemera.
- Aliyense amene watulukira kuti ali ndi HPV angathe kupempha katemera kuti asatenge kachilombo ka mtsogolo ndi matenda aakulu.
Mndandanda wa katemera umaphatikizapo zipolopolo ziwiri kapena zitatu. Mankhwala awiri akulimbikitsidwa kwa ana kuyambira mndandanda musanafike tsiku lawo lachiwiri la kubadwa. Mitundu itatu imalangizidwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo cha mthupi kapena anthu omwe adayambitsa mndandanda pambuyo pa zaka 15.
Ngakhale mndandanda wa zipolopolo ukhoza kuwononga ndalama zokwana madola 500, pali thandizo lachidziwitso komanso mapulogalamu a kulipiritsa omwe akuthandizira kuchepetsa ndalama .
Mdulidwe Wamwamuna
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa ku New England Journal of Medicine, kudulidwa kungathe kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha munthu kuti atenge HPV ndi oposa 35 peresenti poyerekeza ndi amuna osadulidwa. Ngakhale kuvomereza modzipereka kwa amuna (VMC) sikuvomerezedwa kwambiri ku United States ngati njira yothetsera matenda, wakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ku Africa komwe matenda opatsirana pogonana monga HIV ali ponseponse. Phunziro lomweli linanenanso kuti VMC ikhoza kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha munthu kuti adziwe kachilombo ka herpes simplex (kachilombo ka HIV) ndi pafupifupi 25 peresenti.
Mdulidwe nthawi zambiri umachitika pa makanda aamuna pokhapokha atabadwa. Ngakhale zikhoza kuchitidwa pa amuna achikulire, ndondomeko (ngati yachita bwino, osati monga gawo la chithandizo cha chikhalidwe china) nthawi zambiri sichikuphimbidwa ndi inshuwaransi.
Tsoka ilo, VMC ikuwoneka kuti ikupereka phindu lochepa kwa chibwenzi chogonana.
> Zotsatira:
> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). "Malangizo Othandizira Odwala HPV." Atlanta, Georgia; zasinthidwa pa December 15, 2016.
> Hariri, S. ndi Warner, L. "Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kondomu ndi Papillomavirus ya Anthu Mwa Amuna." J Infect Dis , 2013; 208 (3): 367-9. DOI: 10.1093 / infdis / jit198.
> Remschmidt, C ;; Kaufmann, A .; Hagemann, I. et al. "Zinthu Zowopsa kwa Matenda a Pervicoma Manicillomavirus ndi a High-Grade Intraepithelial Lesion mwa Akazi Azaka Zaka 20 mpaka 31 ku Germany." Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2013; 23 (3): 519-26. DOI: 10.1097 / IGC.0b013e318285a4b2.
> Tobian, A .; Serwadda, D .; Quinn, T. et al. "Kudulidwa kwa amuna pofuna kupewa matenda a HSV-2 ndi HPV ndi syphilis." N Engl J Med. 2009 Mar 26; 360 (13): 1298-309. DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMoa0802556.