Ndipo kodi mungasankhe omwe mumapeza?
Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu mwapeza katemera wa HPV, mfuti yomwe imateteza kuteteza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya thupi lomwe limatchedwa papillomavirus yaumunthu , mwina mwamvapo kuti pali mankhwala awiri ogwiritsira ntchito: Gardasil ndi Cervarix . Kodi ndi osiyana kwambiri? Ndipo kodi mungasankhe zomwe mumapeza?
Inde osati ndendende. Katemera awiri amatetezera ku mitundu yosiyana ya HPV (pali mazana), kachilombo kamene kamaperekedwa kuchokera kwa munthu payekha pazochitika zosiyanasiyana za kugonana, kuphatikizapo kugonana, kugonana kumalankhula, kugonana ndi abambo, ndipo zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mitundu yambiri ya khansa .
Sikuti mitundu yonse ya HPV imayambitsidwa ndi matendawa, komabe ndi chifukwa chake katemera wa HPV wapangidwa kuti ukhale wovuta kwambiri pa HPV 16 ndi 18, malinga ndi American Cancer Society.
Kodi Mukusankha?
Ponena za kusankha posankhidwa kumene, zimadalira. Kwa zaka zingapo zonse za Gardasil, zopangidwa ndi kampani ya mankhwala Merck, ndi Cervarix, zopangidwa ndi GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), zinaperekedwa ku United States. Komabe, Cervarix sanathe kusunga Gardasil pogulitsa malonda, ndipo kotero kumapeto kwa 2016 GSK anasiya ku US Iwo akadakalipo m'mayiko ena, kuphatikizapo omwe amapanga Europe, komabe. Cervarix nayenso ndi chithandizo choyamba cha HPV chovomerezeka ku China.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndi bwino kudziwa kuti pamene mukumva dzina lakuti Gardasil, katemera wotchulidwawo siwo woyambirira omwe anapanga mu 2007.
Gardasil yapachiyambi inakonzedwa kuti iteteze motsutsana ndi mavitamini anayi a HPV (chifukwa chinatchulidwa kuti katemera wa quadrivalent). Mu December 2014, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) inavomereza Gardasil yatsopano yomwe imateteza mavuto asanu ndi atatu a HPV. Gululi limatchedwa Gardasail-9, koma mwinamwake dokotala wanu angonena kuti akukupatsani mlingo wa Gardasil mukamalowa.
Popeza kuti mtundu wa gardasil ulipobe, palibe kusiyana kulikonse komwekukuchitika ndi Gardasil-9 ndi Cervarix.
Gardasil-9
HPV 6, 11, 16, 19, 31, 33, 45, 52, ndi 58. Choyambirira chinali chokhudzana ndi HPV 6, 11, 16, ndi 18; HPV 16 ndi HPV 18 ndizo ziwiri zomwe zimakhala zowawa kwambiri, ndipo zokhazokha zomwe Cervarix akuyang'ana (onani m'munsimu).
Chinthu chimodzi choyenera kudziwa: Pali deta yoti Gardasil-9 ndi Cervarix angapereke chitetezo chotsutsana ndi mitundu ina ya HPV; Komabe, iwo samateteza motsutsana ndi aliyense amene mwakhala mukudwala kale.
Ndondomeko yosankha: Gardasil-9 imapatsidwa mlingo umodzi pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Mphindi yachiwiri imaperekedwa miyezi iwiri itatha yoyamba, ndipo mlingo wotsiriza umaperekedwa miyezi inayi pambuyo pake. Ndikofunika kupeza katatu katemera kuti katetezedwe.
Amene ali: Pa tsamba la webusaiti yake, a FDA akunena kuti Gardasil-9 amavomerezedwa kwa atsikana ndi amayi omwe amatha zaka zambiri kuti asateteze kanseri, vulvar, ubini, ndi khansa ya ana; ndi mavitamini opatsirana pogonana omwe amachititsidwa ndi HPV mitundu 6 ndi 11, komanso zilonda zam'mbuyo . Amasonyezanso kwa anyamata ndi amuna a zaka zapakati pa 9 ndi 26 kuti athe kupewa khansa ya khansa yomwe imayambitsa mitundu ya 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, ndi 58, komanso magulu opatsirana pogonana komanso zilonda zam'mbuyo.
Cervarix
HPV imateteza: HPV 16 ndi 18
Ndondomeko ya Kusankha: Monga Gardasil-9, Cervarix imapatsidwa mlingo umodzi-mwezi wachiwiri pambuyo pa miyezi isanu ndi itatu ndi itatu pambuyo pake. Zifuniko zonse zitatu ndizofunika kuti mutetezedwe kwambiri.
Amene ali a: Cervarix ndi FDA-yovomerezeka kwa atsikana ndi amayi a zaka zapakati pa 9 mpaka 25 kuti ateteze khansa ya chiberekero.
Nkhani zachitetezo ndi / kapena Zotsatira Zachilendo
Imodzi mwa nkhani zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika pa zokambirana za katemera aliyense wa HPV ndi ngati ali otetezeka kapena ayi. Katemera onse atatu akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zochepa zochepa monga kupweteka ndi kufiira pa malo opangira jekeseni, kuphatikizapo kumutu, kupweteka m'mimba, ndi zizindikiro zina za thupi.
Koma apo ayi iwo akuwoneka kuti ali otetezeka.
Ngakhale kuti zotsatira zina zowopsa zakhala zikudziwika kwa anthu omwe adalandira kachilombo ka HPV, izi zawonetsedwa kuti sizigwirizana ndi katemera. Kawirikawiri, asanasonyezedwe kuti ali ndi katemera, ndipo malipoti okhudzana ndi katemera amaoneka kuti alibe chifukwa.
> Zotsatira:
> American Cancer Society. "FDA imavomereza Gardasil 9 Katemera wa HPV." Jan 8, 2015.
> European Medicines Agency. "Cervarix." Chidule cha EPAR kwa Anthu. June 2016.
Petrosky E, Bocchini JA Jr, Hariri S, Chesson H, Curtis CR, Saraiya M, Unger ER, Markowitz LE; Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). " > Kugwiritsira ntchito katemera wotchedwa Human-Papillomavirus (HPV) wa 9-valent: HPWPs . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep . 2015 Mar 27; 64 (11): 300-4. Pemphani PMID: 25811679.
Reuters. "China Inavomereza Kugwiritsira Ntchito Katemera wa GSK Cervarix ya khansa ya m'mimba." July 18, 2016
US Food and Drug Administration. "Katemera, Magazi & Mafotokozedwe: Gardasil 9." Feb 5, 2018.