Chinthu chimodzi chodabwitsa kwambiri cha sayansi ya zaka 50 zapitazi chinali chakuti khansara ikhoza kukhala matenda opatsirana - makamaka, omwe amachititsidwa ndi papillomavirus ya munthu, kapena HPV. Pali mitundu yoposa 100 ya HPV, pafupifupi 30 yomwe imafalitsidwa ndi kugonana . HPV yakhala ikugwirizana ndi mitundu ina ya khansa ya khungu komanso:
Asayansi ena aganiza kuti pafupifupi asanu mwa magawo asanu a khansa yonse ya anthu angathe kugwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda a HPV !
HPV Basic
HPV ndi kachilombo kofala kwambiri. Oposa 50 peresenti ya akuluakulu okhudzana ndi kugonana amalingaliridwa kuti ali ndi kachilombo kamodzi kokha, ndipo 80 peresenti ya amayi ogonana amakhala atagwidwa ndi kachilomboka panthawi yomwe atembenuka 50.
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi HPV sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse . Ena adzakhala ndi ziphuphu limodzi kapena zambiri za ziwalo zoberekera , zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asanakhale ndi khansa ya kusintha kwa khansa, kapena ngakhale kukhala ndi khansa yokhudzana ndi HPV. Chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV sadzakhala ndi vutoli, madokotala samatha kuwonetsa HPV .
Kungodziwa kuti mwasintha kuti mukhale ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a HPV sikukutanthauza kuti mudzapeza khansara kapena ziwalo zogonana , zimangotanthauza kuti mwapezeka ndi kachilombo ndipo muli pangozi.
Ndipotu, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka adzachotsa matendawa mkati mwa zaka ziwiri okha.
Zotsatira za HPV
Pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1980, lingaliro loti anthu angathe kupatsirana khansa linaonedwa kuti ndi lofunika kwambiri ndi anthu ambiri m'madera ofufuza zachipatala. Komabe, ngati umboni unayambika ndipo njira zofufuzira zinayamba kusintha, anthu pang'onopang'ono anatsimikiza.
Masiku ano anthu ambiri amavomereza kuti HPV imapangitsa kuti pafupifupi 99 peresenti ya khansa ya pachibelekero. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2007, nyuzipepala ya zamankhwala yodziwika bwino inafalitsa pepala loti HPV ikhoza kukhala ndi chifukwa chokwanira pa milandu ya khansa ya mkamwa ndi m'kamwa . Zomwe zimayambitsa khansazi akhala akusuta ndi kugwiritsa ntchito fodya.
Khansara ya chiberekero inali nthawi imodzi yomwe imayambitsa imfa yokhudzana ndi khansa pakati pa akazi ku US Ngakhale chiwerengero cha amayi a ku America akufa chifukwa cha matendawa chacheperapo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mapepala a Pap , omwe ndi amodzi omwe amachititsa kufa kwa khansa pakati pa akazi padziko lonse lapansi.
Palibe mkazi ayenera kufa ndi khansa ya pachibelekero. Kawirikawiri mapuloteni a Pap akhoza kuzindikira kusintha kwa HPV kusinthika kwa kachilombo koyambirira kumene akadali ochiritsidwa kwambiri. Komabe, pali amayi amene samayesedwa nthawi zonse. Izi ndizovuta makamaka pakati pa amai omwe ali m'mayiko osauka komanso m'madera omwe ali ndi ndalama zochepa, komanso pakati pa amayi omwe apita kwa zaka zambiri. Mmodzi mwa omwe amachititsa kuti amayi azipita kwa azimayi ndizofunikira mapiritsi oletsa kubereka, ndipo ambiri amaima kufunafuna chisamaliro nthawi zonse pamene sakusowa mankhwala awo. HPV ikhoza kukhala yogona kwa zaka zambiri musanayambe kusintha kwa khansa pachibelekero.
Ndikofunika kuti amayi apitirize kupeza mapepala a Pap nthawi zonse.
HPV Kupewa
Asayansi akuyesetsa kwambiri kupewa HIVV . HPV imafalitsidwa ndi kugonana kwa m'kamwa, kugonana kwa abambo, kugonana kwa abambo, komanso kugonana kwa khungu ndi khungu ndi malo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Popeza kachilomboka kakufalikira pakhungu kupita khungu, osati kudzera mumadzimadzi a thupi , n'zotheka kupatsira kachilomboka ngakhale kondomu ikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Makondomu amachititsa kuchepetsa kufala kwa HIV. Kukula kwa kachirombo ka HIV, kuphatikizapo kuti makondomu sapereka chitetezo chokwanira, zachititsa asayansi kufufuza njira zina zopezera.
Imodzi mwa njira zomwe akuyendera ndi katemera.
Katemera ochuluka wa khansa yowonongeka ndi matenda ophera ululu a HPV amatha kusintha kapena ali pamsika. Komabe, chifukwa HPV ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda opatsirana pogonana , kukambirana za katemerawa kawirikawiri kumakhala mkangano wandale m'malo mwasayansi. Katemera ndi othandiza kwambiri munthu asanakhale ndi kachilomboka, koma makolo ambiri ndi ndale amatsutsana ndi lingaliro la katemera wa atsikana aang'ono chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana pogonana pofuna kuwathandiza kuti azigonana mosatetezeka .
Chodetsa nkhaŵa kwambiri kwa anthu ambiri, ndikuti akazi omwe adalandira katemera angasiye kuyesetsa kupeza mapepala a Pap. Katemerawa amangoteteza ku matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri a HPV, ndipo samateteza akazi omwe atulukira kale ku HPV. Choncho amai akufunikira kutsatila malangizidwe a mapepala a Pap - nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa kuti akhale ndi mayesero abwino.
> Zotsatira:
> Neilson, CM et al. "Kugwiritsira ntchito kondomu komwe kumagwirizanitsidwa kumayanjananso ndi chiwerengero chochepa cha matenda a Papillomavirus mwa Amuna" Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010; 202: 445-451
> Chidziwitso cha CDC HPV
> Bungwe la World Health Organisation
> Wright JD, Herzog TJ. "Mankhwala a papillomavirus: omwe amayamba kutulukira ndi kuyang'anira." Curr Mayi Health Rep. 2002 Aug; 2 (4): 259-65.
> Stanley MA, Winder DM, Sterling JC, Goon PK. Matenda a HPV, anal intra-epithelial neoplasia (AIN) ndi khansa ya khan: nkhani zamakono. BMC Khansa. 2012 Sep 8; 12: 398.
> Kulimbitsa MH. "Mawu ofotokozera mwachidule a ntchito ya papillomaviruses yaumunthu m'kati mwa chiberekero cha carcinogenesis." Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1996 Oct; 175 (4 Pt 2): 1091-8.