Kuyerekezera Zowopsa Zopeka ndi Zolemba Zowopsa
HIV yakhala ikuwopa kwambiri matendawa mwa ena kuti imapitirira bwino kuposa mantha opatsirana pogonana . Ndipotu, anthu ena amakhala otsimikiza kuti mukhoza kutenga kachilombo ka HIV pogonana ndi chinthu kapena malo omwe angakhale ndi kachilombo ka HIV kapena nyemba.
Ndipotu, zingakhale zomveka kunena kuti ngati magazi kapena nyemba zambiri zimakhalapo, kachilombo kamene kamatha kukhalapo kunja kwa thupi.
Ndipo, ngati kachilomboka kamatha kupulumuka, ndithudi kakhoza kukhala ndi matenda, molondola?
Kuwona Zowopsa
Chifukwa cha magawo amenewa, zikhoza kunena kuti, inde, pali mwayi wopulumuka, ngakhale kuti ndi ochepa. Pansi pa mikhalidwe yeniyeni, kachilombo ka HIV kamatha kupulumuka kunja kwa thupi kwa maola kapena ngakhale masiku ngati kutentha, chinyezi, kuwala kwa UV, ndi kutsekemera kwa pH zonse ziri bwino. Ndichikhalidwe chosazolowereka kwambiri koma chomwe chiridi chotheka.
Koma, kodi izi zikutanthauza kuti munthu amene amakhudza kapena mwadzidzidzi amacheza ndi magazi omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV pa umuna amatha kutenga kachilombo ka HIV?
Yankho la funso limeneli liri pafupifupi "ayi." Kuti mumvetse chifukwa chake, mukufunika kusiyanitsa pakati pa zomwe mukuganiza kuti ndizoopsa komanso zoopsa zowonongeka.
Zomwe Zinazindikiritsidwa ndipo Zinalembedwa Zowopsa kwa HIV
Vuto lodziwika (kapena lachidziwitso) ndilo limene limachokera ku chikhulupiriro m'malo mowona ndipo limapitirizabe ngakhale kuti zosachitikazo sizikuchitika.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, chidziwitso (kapena chenicheni) chokha chimachokera pa umboni wa chiwerengero cha chinachake chomwe chikuchitikadi. Pamene chiwonongeko chowoneka chiri chokhudzana ndi chiphunzitso, chiopsezo cholembedwa chiri pafupi.
Pankhani ya kachilombo ka HIV, kuthekera koyambitsa matenda sikutanthauza kuti pangakhale chiopsezo chenicheni pokhapokha ngati chiwonetsero chikukwaniritsa zinthu zinayi:
- Payenera kukhala ndi madzi amthupi omwe kachilombo ka HIV kamakula. Izi zimaphatikizapo nyemba, magazi, zakumwa zamadzi, ndi mkaka wa m'mawere. HIV siingakhoze kulemera mu ziwalo zina za thupi zomwe ziri ndi asidi yapamwamba (monga mmimba kapena chikhodzodzo).
- Payenera kukhala njira yomwe HIV ingalowe mu thupi. Izi zimaphatikizapo kugonana, zidutswa zogawanika , kugwira ntchito , kapena kufalitsa kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana .
- Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiyenera kuyandikira ma selo omwe ali pachiopsezo mkati mwa thupi. Izi zimafuna kupweteka kapena kulowa mkati mwa khungu komanso / kapena kutengeka kwa kachilombo kudzera mumatenda amkati a vaginja kapena anus. Zilonda, abrasions, ndi khungu lopanda khungu sizimapereka kulowa mkati mozama kuti kachilombo kachitike. HIV silingadutse khungu lenileni.
- Payenera kukhala ndi mavitamini okwanira mu madzi amthupi. Saliva, thukuta, ndi misonzi yonse ili ndi mavitamini omwe amaletsa HIV kapena ali ndi pH yokhudzana ndi HIV.
Pokhapokha ngati zonsezi zikukhutira, kachilombo ka HIV kamangokhala kosatheka.
Zinthu zomwe HIV ingapulumutsidwe
Ngati kachirombo ka HIV kakakhala kunja kwa thupi kwa mphindi zingapo, chikhoza kungokhala pansi pa zochitika izi:
- Kutentha kwa colder pansi pa madigiri 39 Fahrenheit kumatengedwa kuti ndibwino kuti kachilombo ka HIV kasamalire. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kachilombo ka HIV sikamachita bwino kutentha (madigiri 68 Fahrenheit) ndipo imapitirizabe kuchepa ndipo imatha kutentha thupi (98.6 Fahrenheit).
- Mlingo wabwino wa pH wa HIV uli pakati pa 7.0 ndi 8.0, ndi pH yabwino ya 7.1. Chirichonse pamwamba kapena pansi pa maguluwa chimaonedwa kuti sichiyenera kuti apulumuke.
- HIV ikhoza kupulumuka mu magazi owuma pa firiji kwa masiku asanu ndi limodzi, ngakhale kuti matenda omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa magazi amakhala ochepa kwambiri.
- HIV imapulumuka nthawi yayitali pamene sichidziwika ndi miyezi ya ultraviolet (UV). Kuwala kwa UV kumapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayambitsa matendawa.
Ngakhale atapatsidwa magawowa, padzakhalanso vuto lolembedwa la matenda kudzera mu sirinji yotayidwa pamalo ammudzi.
Mu 2008, kafukufuku wamkulu kwambiri wa ana a 274 ku Canada sanasonyeze vuto limodzi la HIV pambuyo povulazidwa ndi singano yomwe yataya.
Komanso, mu 2015, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention chingathe kutsimikizira kachilombo kamodzi kokha chifukwa cha kuvulala kwapachiyambi kuyambira 1999, ndipo vutoli linaphatikizapo kafukufuku wa labu amene anali kugwira ntchito ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
Mofananamo, sipanakhalepopo zolembedwa zolembedwa za munthu aliyense amene watenga kachilomboka kapena kupeza madzi amthupi pamaso pa munthu yemwe ali ndi HIV.
Ngati Mwadziwidwa ku HIV
Mwachiwonekere, palibe njira yeniyeni yonena momwe thupi lakumadziwira kapena kuchuluka kwa bala kuti chiwopsezo cha HIV chichitike. Ngati simukukayikira, nthawizonse muzilakwitsa mbali yochenjeza ndikupita kuchipatala chanu chapafupi kapena kupita kuchipatala.
Mungathe kuuzidwa kuti mukhale ndi mankhwala oyankhula pakamwa masiku 28, omwe amadziwika kuti HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) , omwe angapewe matenda ngati mankhwala ayamba mkati mwa maola 24 mpaka 48.
Komabe, ngati muli ndi mantha opitirira kapena osayenerera za HIV , ganizirani zokambirana ndi katswiri wa kachirombo ka HIV, katswiri wa zamaganizo, kapena mlangizi wophunzitsidwa. Izi ndi zoona makamaka ngati mantha akulepheretsa ubale wanu kapena khalidwe lanu. Pali mankhwala omwe angakuthandizeni kuthetsa nkhawazi ndikuthandizani kukhala ndi moyo wabwino.
> Zotsatira:
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. "Mfundo zochokera ku Field: Occupationally Acquired HIV Infection Pakati pa Odwala Care Careers United States, 1985-2013." MMWR. 2015; 63 (53): 1245-46.
> Papenburg, J; Blais, D .; Moore, D .; et al. Kuvulala kwa Matenda Kuchokera Kumagulu Kumatayidwa M'madera: Epidemiology ndi Ngozi ya Seroconversion. " Matenda. 2008; 122: e487-e492. DOI: 10.1542 / peds.2008-0290.