Zilonda zamtundu, zomwe zimatchedwanso condylomata acuminata , ndi chimodzi mwa matenda opatsirana pogonana . Akuti anthu okwana 340 mpaka 360,000 amakhudzidwa ndi ziwalo zoberekera chaka chilichonse ku United States, ngakhale kuti matenda ambiri samayambitsa zizindikiro.
Zimayambitsa
Zilonda zamtundu zimayambitsidwa ndi papillomavirus ya anthu (HPV) . Pali mitundu yoposa 100 ya matenda a HPV omwe ali pafupi ndi 30 omwe amafalitsidwa monga kugonana.
Ngati mwakhala mukuphunzira za zida zogonana mukhoza kukhala osokonezeka ndi mantha pang'ono. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti pali kusamvetsetsana kochuluka pa kachilombo ka HPV komanso zovuta za matenda osiyanasiyana. Ngakhale kuti HPV ndiyo yomwe imayambitsa ziphuphu zokhudzana ndi kugonana, mavuto omwe amachititsa kuti tizirombo toyambitsa matenda sizomwe zimayambitsa khansara.
Pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya zida zogonana zimayambitsidwa ndi HPV 6 ndi HPV 11. Mosiyana, pafupifupi 70 peresenti ya khansa ya pachiberekero imayambitsidwa ndi HPV 16 ndi HPV 18 ndipo khansa yambiri ya pamlomo imayambitsidwa ndi HPV chifukwa cha HPV 16. Enanso 20 peresenti ya chiberekero Khansa imayambitsidwa ndi mitundu ya HPV 31, 33, 34, 45, 52, ndi 58.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, mavuto a HPV omwe amachititsa kuti tizirombo toyambitsa matenda ndi osiyana ndi mavuto omwe amachititsa khansara ya chiberekero komanso mosiyana. Komabe, zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa HPV-zonsezi zimayambitsa matenda a chiberekero komanso zovuta zowononga khansa-ziri zofanana.
HPV Matenda
Anthu ambiri ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, koma nthawi zambiri, ngakhale ndi matenda omwe amachititsa khansa, kachilombo kamachotsedwa mthupi musanakhale zizindikiro. Ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV kamodzi kokha, simungakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse, mukhoza kukhala ndi ziwalo zogonana, kapena mukhoza kukhala ndi pap smear yosasangalatsa ya dysplasia kapena kusintha kwa chiberekero.
Zizindikiro
Zilonda zamtundu zimakhudza minofu yambiri ya chiwalo. Zingawoneke ngati zazing'ono, zobiriwira kapena ngati ziphuphu m'magazi. Amatha kukula mosiyanasiyana ndipo nthawi zina amaoneka ngati ofiira. Nthawi zambiri, zidazo ndizochepa kwambiri kuti zisamawonekere. Ndi theka la azimayi okha, ndi anthu ocheperapo, amapanga ziwalo zowonongeka pogonana ndi matenda a HPV omwe amachititsa kuti tizirombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kwa amayi, zida zowonongeka makamaka zimapezeka pabibi komanso pafupi ndi kutseguka kwa chiberekero. Pa amuna, amapezeka pampando wa mbolo, koma amatha kuchitika pamphindi. Amuna ndi abambo onse akhoza kukhala ndi ziphuphu pafupi ndi kutsegula kwa anus. Kugonana kwachilendo sikofunikira kuti izi zichitike. Amuna ndi amai akhoza kukhazikitsa ziphuphu za m'mimba pakamwa kapena pamtima zogonana.
Kudziwa
Kuyezetsa HPV nthawi zonse kumalimbikitsidwa kuti muwonetsere kansalu ya khansa ndi mavuto ena a HPV. Palibenso mayeso oyenera kuti apeze HIVV. Ndikofunika kuti amai azikhala ndi mapepala omwe amawaonetsa kuti ali ndi vutoli.
Ngati pali vuto linalake, mayeso a DNA, omwe angathe kuyesa mavuto a HPV, angathe kuchitidwa. Ngati kupweteka kapena zilonda zikupezeka m'deralo, muyenera kupita kuchipatala ndi kuyesa HPV.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ngakhale kuti HPV mayesero a HPV omwe mwakhala mukuchita simunayesetse matenda omwe amabweretsa kachilombo ka HIV.
Zowopsa
HPV ikhoza kugwiridwa ndi aliyense yemwe ali ndi chiwerewere. Zinthu zomwe zimachulukitsa chiopsezo chotenga ziwalo zogonana zimaphatikizapo izi:
- Kugonana kosatetezeka
- Chiwerewere
- Kugonana pamlomo
- Kuyanjana kwa chiwerewere
- Kubereka
- Matenda opatsirana pogonana
- Ambiri ogonana nawo
- Kusuta sikungapangitse kuti pakhale kachilombo koyambitsa matenda koma imachedwa kuchepetsa thupi kuti lichotse kachilomboka.
Ngakhale matenda ena a HPV angathe kudzisankhira okha, mitundu ina ya HPV ikhoza kutsogolera chitukuko cha khansa ya pakhosi, penile, ndi khansa, pakati pa ena.
M'mayeserowa, kachilombo ka HIV sikangoyambitsa khansa, koma kumabweretsa kutupa komwe kungayambitse khansa. Zinthu zina, monga kusuta, zomwe zimachepetsa chiwerengero cha kachilombo koyambitsa matenda kuchokera ku thupi, zingathandizire kuti chitukuko chikule.
Chithandizo
Palibe mankhwala a HPV. Chithandizo chilipo chifukwa cha zizindikiro, monga zilonda za m'mimba, khansara ya chiberekero, komanso kusintha kwa chiberekero. Koma, chithandizo chidzadalira matenda omwe ali ndi matendawa.
Zilonda zapachibale zingathe kuchitidwa ndi:
- Mankhwala - Pali mankhwala omwe amamwa mankhwala ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dokotala. Mankhwalawa ndi Podofilox, Imiquimod, ndi Sinecatechins. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala amaphatikizapo podophylline, trichloroacetic acid, ndi asidi a bichloroacetic. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa sabata ndi dokotala.
- Cryotherapy (yozizira)
- Electrocautery (moto)
- Kupweteka kwa interferon mu mapulaneti
- Mankhwala a laser
- Kuchita opaleshoni kuti muchotse zidazo
Kuchiza kudzachotsa njere koma osati matenda. Choncho, ngakhale mutachiritsidwa, mutha kulandira kachilombo kwa mnzanuyo.
Kupewa
Kupewa zifukwa zoopsa, monga zibwenzi zambiri zogonana, zingachepetse kutenga kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a HPV ndi njira zotere zogonana. Makondomu angachepetse chiopsezo chanu koma samapewera kufalikira kwa HPV, chifukwa kungokhala khungu ndi khungu kokha kofunika. Ngati muli pakati pa zaka zisanu ndi zinayi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri, katemera angathandize kupewa matenda.
Katemera
Katemera amapezeka omwe angakutetezeni kuti musatenge HIV. Panopa pali mitundu itatu ya zipolopolo zomwe zilipo, koma ziwiri zokha zimapangidwa kuti ziziteteze motsutsana ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a khansa komanso matenda a khansa ya pachibelekero.
Matemera omwe alipo pakalipano komanso mavitamini a HPV omwe apangidwa kuti atetezedwe ndi awa:
- Gardasil (yomwe inavomerezedwa mu 2006) imateteza HPV 6, 11, 16, ndi 18
- Cervarix (yemvomerezeka mu 2009) imateteza HPV 16 ndi 18
- Gardasil 9 (yovomelezeka 2014) imateteza HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, ndi 58
> Zotsatira:
> Carusi, D. Maphunziro a odwala: Nkhanza za m'mimba mwa amayi (Pambuyo pa Zowona). Zaposachedwa. 6/22/15.
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Zachidule za HPV zachinsinsi. 1/03/2017.