Kutengera Kwambiri Kowopsa
Hepatitis B (Chiwindi B kapena HBV ) ndi kutupa kwa chiwindi chomwe chingayambitse chiwindi cha chiwindi, kulephera kwa chiwindi, chotupa choyipa mkati mwa chiwindi ndi imfa. Matenda a hepatitis B amapezeka chifukwa cha HBV (matenda a hepatitis B) m'thupi ndipo akuti anthu oposa 300 miliyoni ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV padziko lonse lapansi.
CDC imasonyeza kuti chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a hepatitis B pachaka chaka chawonjezeka kufika 43,000 pa 2007 kuchokera pa 200,000 m'ma 1980.
Mlingo wa kachilomboka wapezeka kuti ndi wapamwamba kwambiri pakati pa anthu 20 mpaka 49 a zaka zakubadwa. Matendawa amatha kupatsirana kudzera m'madzi amthupi monga zobisika za m'mimba, nyemba, zilonda zotseguka kapena magazi.
Kodi Matendawa Angayambitse Bwanji Kuipa kwa Chiwindi?
Mphindi B imabereka m'magazi a chiwindi, koma kachilombo kaye si vuto - chitetezo cha mthupi ndi. Yankho loyambitsa matendawa limayambitsa kutentha ndi kuvulala kwakukulu pamene chiwopsezo cha mthupi chimafuna kuchotsa kachilomboka. Nthawi zambiri, pamakhala zolephereka ndipo thupi la munthu limatha kuthana ndi matendawa mkati mwa miyezi ingapo. Mukatha kutenga kachilombo ka HIV, thupi lanu limapanga ma antibodies omwe angakhale nawo moyo wonse kuti musatengedwenso.
Ngakhale kuti nkhondo yabwino imayikidwa ndi ziwalo zathu, pali ziwalo zomwe thupi silingathe kuthetsa matenda, ndipo ngakhale simusonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse, kachilomboka kalipobe.
Muzochitika izi, mumakhalabe chithandizo ndipo magazi anu ndi madzi amthupi angapatsire anthu ena omwe akukumana nawo kudzera mwa kugonana kosatetezeka, zilonda zotseguka, kapena njira ina iliyonse. Pakali pano, pafupifupi 1,25 miliyoni ogwira ntchito ku US
Ngati muli chonyamulira, ndiye kuti matenda anu angathe kutsata njira ziwiri zikuluzikulu: mwina zimatha patapita kanthawi (mankhwala sanathenso chifukwa chake) kapena amatenga chiwindi cha matenda a shuga.
Ngati matenda a chiwindi amatha kukhala aakulu, ndiye kuti vutoli ndi loipa kwambiri kwa chiwindi, chifukwa zingayambitse khansa ya chiwindi ndi chiwindi, zonse ziwiri zakupha.
Zakawonetseratu kuti pafupifupi 5% mpaka 10% mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka omwe angakhale akulu kapena ana opitirira zaka zisanu akhoza kukhala ndi matenda aakulu. Chinthu china chokhumudwitsa ndichoti mitengoyi imakula kwambiri (25% mpaka 50%) mwa ana osakwana zaka zisanu komanso ana omwe adalandira matendawa atabadwa (90%).
Kodi Matenda a Hepatitis B Akudziwonetsera Motani?
30% mpaka 50% mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachirombo ka HBV amasonyeza zizindikiro kuyambira pachiyambi. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zikhoza kusokonezeka ndi zizindikiro za chimfine: malungo ndi ululu wofanana. Zizindikiro zomwe zimayika kwambiri ku Hepatitis B ndi izi:
- Khungu loyera ndi chikasu cha mbali yoyera ya maso
- Mbalame ya Brown kapena lalanje ya mkodzo
- Kufooka kosadziwika komwe kumakhala kwa nthawi yaitali
- Kutaya njala, kunyoza, kusanza
- Kupweteka m'mimba
- Fever
Komabe, kwa anthu ambiri, palibe zizindikiro izi zimasonyeza ndipo matendawa amapezeka kokha kupyolera mwa kuyezetsa magazi. Gawo loyamba la matenda a HBV amatchedwa chiwindi chachikulu cha chiwindi ndipo kawirikawiri, chikhoza kupha pachiwindi. Panali chiwindi cha chiwindi chachikulu cha chiwindi pamene chiwindi chinawonongeka kwambiri moti wodwalayo adayamba kudwala chifukwa cha chiwindi.
Matendawa amatchedwa " fulminant hepatitis " ndipo odwala omwe ali nawo ayenera kuyesedwa kuti apange chiwindi.
Kodi N'chiyani Chimachititsa Kuti Vuto Lizivulaza?
Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a chiwindi ndicho chitetezo chathu cha mthupi. Anthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi chitetezo cha mthupi amatha kuthetsa kachilomboka ndikuchira koma amakhalanso ndi vuto lalikulu la chiwindi ndi zizindikiro zamphamvu. Yankho lochepa la chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi limatha kuteteza chiwindi kwa kanthawi ndikukhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa, koma palinso chiopsezo chachikulu chokhalira ndi matenda a chiwindi. Choncho, idyani thanzi ndikukhala mwaukhondo kuti matendawa asathere.
Zolemba:
Chen Y, Wei H, Sun R, Dong Z, Zhang J, Tian Z. Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwindi ku chiwindi cha hepatitis B zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mbewa zimaphatikizapo mgwirizano wa NKG2D-ligand ndi maselo achilengedwe. Hepatology. 2007 Sep; 46 (3): 706-15.
Liang TJ. Hepatology. 2009 May; 49 (5 Suppl): S13-21. Hepatology. 2009 May; 49 (5 Suppl): S13-21.