Pali mavairasi opitirira 150 a anthu a papillomavirus (HPV), ena mwa iwo omwe ndi ofala kuposa ena. Kodi chiani chimayambitsa HPV, mosasamala mtundu wake, chomwecho: kugonana, khungu ndi khungu ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka. HPV ikhoza kuyambitsa zilonda za m'mimba kapena zamatenda, ndipo nthawi zina, khansa (malingana ndi mavuto). Koma, sikuti aliyense amabala zizindikiro za matenda a HPV-mwamsanga kapena konse.
Izi zimachititsa kuti kufalikira kwa matenda kukhale kofala.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa
Vaginal ndi kugonana ndi njira zowonjezereka zowonjezereka kwa HPV, ngakhale kuti zingathe kuperekedwa mochepa ndi kugonana kwa m'kamwa . Ngakhale kugwiritsira ntchito maginito pamatenda angakhale okwanira kufalitsa kachilomboka. Ndikofunika kuti achinyamata adziŵe za izi, chifukwa sangadziwe kuti matenda opatsirana pogonana angathe kuperekedwa popanda kulowa mkati.
Vuto lanu la HPV limakula kwambiri ndi chiwerengero cha anthu ogonana nawo, ngakhale kuyanjana ndi mmodzi yekha yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kungayambitse HPV. Ngakhale kondomu imapereka njira yabwino kwambiri yotetezera kudziletsa, akhoza kuchita izi ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse komanso moyenera .
Ngati muli ndi HPV, matendawa nthawi zambiri amakonzekera okha popanda kuchiza miyezi 18 mpaka 24. Ndi nthawi yomwe mungapatsire ena kachilomboka. Chifukwa chakuti HPV nthawi zambiri imakhala "yosawoneka" popanda zizindikiro zakunja, nthawi zambiri anthu samadziwa kuti ali ndi kachilomboka.
Izi zimalimbikitsanso kondomu ngati mukuchita zachiwerewere ndipo simunagwirizane ndi wina aliyense.
Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mayina kuti adziwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya HPV. Popeza kuti zolembazo sizikhala zopanda phindu kwa osagwira ntchito zachipatala, madokotala ambiri amatchula vutoli monga HPV yomwe ili pangozi yochepa kapena yaikulu.
Pamene mukuwerenga, mungakhale wolimbikitsidwa kuphunzira kuti zovuta zazing'ono zingakhale zoopsa za thanzi. Koma kumbukirani: Mitundu yonse ya HPV imafalitsidwa mofanana.
Zochitika zaumoyo ndi zaumoyo
Ngakhale HPV ingakhudze aliyense, muli ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka ngati zilizonsezi zikukukhudzani:
- Mukuchita / kugonana ndi abwenzi angapo
- Mumagonana mosatetezeka kapena kugonana
- Ndiwe mwamuna amene wagonana ndi amuna (MSM)
- Ndinu transgender
- Muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV kapena matenda ena omwe amalepheretsa chitetezo chanu cha mthupi
Kuwonjezera pakuchita njira zothandizira pulogalamu ya HPV tsiku ndi tsiku, mukhoza kulingalira ndi kuyankhula ndi wothandizira zaumoyo za HPV Cervarix , Gardasil , ndi Gardasil 9, makamaka ngati zilizonse zomwe zili pamwambapa zikukukhudzani.
Mavuto a Pansi ndi Aakulu
Ngakhale mavitamini ambiri a HPV ali ndi vuto loyambitsa matenda opatsirana pogonana, pafupi 30 okha ndi odwala khansa (makamaka khansara , anal , penile , ndi khansa ya m'kamwa ). Chifukwa cha ichi, asayansi akhala akugawa magawowa ndi mphamvu zawo zochititsa khansa motere:
- Mitsempha yochepa kwambiri ndi yomwe ingayambitse njere zamagazi koma ilibe vuto lililonse. HPV 6 ndi 11 ndizozirombo zochepa zomwe zimayambitsa pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya zida zonse zoberekera. Zilonda zapachilendo zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa sizingapite patsogolo ku khansa.
- Mavuto akuluakulu ndi omwe angayambitse kusintha kwa maselo ( dysplasia ) omwe angayambitse khansa. Malinga ndi vuto la HPV mumapezeka, dysplasia ikhoza kukhala yofatsa kapena yovuta. Pakati pa mitsempha yapamwamba kwambiri, HPV 16 ndi 18 imakhala ndi 70 peresenti ya khansa ya pachibelekero, pamene HPV 16 imapereka oposa 90 peresenti ya khansa ya khansa. Mitundu ina yowopsa kwambiri ndi HPV 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, 58, ndi 59.
Palibenso njira yodziwira ngati chiwindi cha chiberekero ndi "chiopsezo chachikulu" kapena "chiopsezo chachikulu" pakuwonekera kokha. Komanso, kukhala ndi chiwindi mwa njira iliyonse kumasonyeza kuti muli ndi khansa. Kuyezetsa kokha ndiko kungakuthandizeni kuti mukhale ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda.
Zowopsa Zopangira Khansa
Ngakhale kuti mapiritsi ena a HPV omwe amaika pangozi amakhala ndi khansa zina, asayansi sakudziwabe chifukwa chake khansa idzayamba mwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi HPV osati ena.
Zimakhulupirira kuti mbiri ya chibadwidwe ndi banja limathandiza pakuzindikira yemwe ali ndi khansa ndipo samatero. Pa nthawi yomweyo, chikhalidwe cha munthu, moyo wake, ndi thanzi labwino (kuphatikizapo matenda opitako) zingathandizenso.
Pambuyo pa vuto la HPV ndi malo omwe ali ndi kachilomboko, palinso zinthu zina zomwe zingapangitse chiopsezo cha munthu kukhala ndi khansa. Mwa iwo:
- Matenda opatsirana a HPV (osatha miyezi 24)
- Kutenga kachirombo ka HIV (ndi mitundu ina yowononga chitetezo cha mthupi)
- Chlamydia komanso mwinamwake herpes simplex HIV matenda
- Mankhwala opatsirana ammimba (kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya pachibelekero)
- Kukhala ndi mimba yokhala ndi zaka zoposa zitatu (kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya chibelekero)
- Matenda a fistula (kuwonjezeka kwa khansa ya khansa ya ana)
- Kukhala mwamuna yemwe amagonana ndi amuna (kuwonjezera ngozi ya khansa ya ana)
- Kusuta fodya (kumakhudza mitundu yonse ya khansa)
Pazochitika zonse zomwe zilipo, kusakhala ndi kansa yoyezetsa khansa ndi chimodzi mwa zoopsa kwambiri. Izi sizimangophatikizapo amayi omwe amapewa kuwonetsetsa mapepala apakhomo koma amuna omwe saganiziridwa kawirikawiri ndi mavuto a ana kapena matenda opatsirana.
Zotsatira:
> Bzhalava, D .; Eklund, C .; ndi Dillner, J. "Makhalidwe apadziko lonse ndi mndandanda wa mitundu ya papillomavirus ya anthu." Virology. 2015 Jan 8; 476C: 341-344. DOI: 10.1016 / j.virol.2014.12.028.
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. "Katemera wa HPV: Katemera Wanu Wamwamuna Kapena Wachinyamata." Atlanta, Georgia; zasinthidwa pa August 24, 2017.
> Struyf, F .; Colau, B ;; Wheeler, C. et al. "Mphamvu ya katemera wa papillomavirus (HPV) -16/18 AS04 yothandizidwa ndi zochitikazo komanso matenda opitirirabe ndi mitundu ya HPV yopanda katemera pogwiritsa ntchito njira ina yochuluka ya PCR ya HPV DNA: kuyang'anitsitsa posachedwa kuchokera ku PATRICIA mayesero osadziwika. " Clinic Vaccine Immunol. " 2014: 22 (2): 235-244. DOI: 10.1128 / CVI.00457-14.