Mmene Mankhwala a Papillomavirus Amathandizira

Kuchiza kumayang'ana pa zizindikiro ndi kupeŵa mavuto

Nthawi zambiri, chitetezo cha mthupi chidzatha kuchotsa anthu papillomavirus (HPV) payekha miyezi 18 mpaka 24, kawirikawiri popanda zotsatira za nthawi yaitali, ngakhale kuti sizingakhale choncho nthawi zonse. Chifukwa palibe mankhwala omwe amapezeka kuti athe kuchiza matenda a HPV, chithandizo cha HPV chimaphatikizapo kuthetsa zizindikiro za HPV ndi kuwunika kwa khungu lililonse kapena maselo a mucosal; Kuphatikiza pa kuchititsa ziwalo zogonana, zoposa 30 mwa ma ARV omwe amapangidwa ndi HPV amathandizidwa ndi khansa, ana, ndi khansa zina.

Njira za chithandizo cha HPV zimadalira makamaka ngati munthu ali ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo zotsatirazi:

• Matenda opatsirana
• Zilonda zamtundu
• Kusintha kosasintha kwa maselo ( dysplasia ) a chiberekero, umaliseche, nthenda, anus, mbolo, pakamwa, kapena mmero

Tiyeni tiyang'ane pa aliyense payekhapayekha.

Kuchiza kwa matenda a Asymptomatic Infection

Ngati matenda a HPV ali ndi mphamvu (popanda zizindikilo), palibe chithandizo chapadera chomwe chilimbikitsidwa. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka ngati munthu wokwatirana naye wapanga zida zogonana.

Ngati mayi ayesa zowopsa kwa matenda a HPV koma ali ndi mapiritsi a Pap , dokotala akhoza kuchita chimodzi mwa zinthu ziwiri:

• Sungani mayesero enanso mu miyezi 12. Ngati zotsatirazo zikhale zachilendo, mukhoza kubwereranso kuwunika. Ngati sali, kuyesedwa kwina kudzafunika.
• Chitani kafukufuku wa HPV kuti mudziwe matenda awiri a HPV omwe amawopsa kwambiri (HPV 16 ndi HPV 18) omwe amawerengera 70 peresenti ya khansa yonse ya chiberekero. Ngati zotsatira ziri zoipa (kutanthauza kuti simudatengere mavairasi), mukhoza kubwezeretsedwanso mu miyezi 12 ngati chitetezo. Ngati zotsatirazo ziri zabwino, kuyesa kwina kudzafunika.

Ngakhale kuti palibe ndondomeko yeniyeni kapena mayeso a HPV omwe amapezeka kwa amuna, omwe amawoneka kuti ali pachiopsezo chachikulu, monga amuna omwe amagonana ndi abambo (MSM) omwe amagonana ndi abambo ovomerezeka, amatha kugwiritsira ntchito mapepala a anal Pap kuti ayang'ane dysplasia. Izi ndi zoona makamaka kwa MSM omwe ali ndi HIV.

Ngati mutsimikiziridwa kuti muli ndi HPV koma mulibe zizindikiro, mukhoza kulangizidwa kuti mupeze katemera wa HPV kuti muteteze ku matenda omwe amawopsa kwambiri a HPV.

Katemera amalimbikitsidwa mpaka zaka 26 za amayi ndi 21 kwa amuna.

Anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu akhoza katemera nthawi iliyonse. Ogonana ayenera kuganiziranso katemera.

Kuchiza kwa Nkhanza za Amuna

Ngakhale osamvetsetseka komanso osamvetsetseka, magulu opatsirana pogonana samayambitsa matenda aakulu. Ambiri amayamba chifukwa cha mavuto awiri omwe amakhala ochepa kwambiri, omwe amadziwika kuti HPV 6 ndi HPV 11, omwe amawerengera pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya kuphulika kwa chiberekero.

Magulu ena amtunduwu amatha okha, kawirikawiri mkati mwa chaka. Ena angafunikire kuchiritsidwa kunyumba ndi zokometsera zoperekedwa ndi dokotala.

Njira zina zothandizira odwala m'mimba zimaphatikizapo:

• Cryotherapy (yozizira kolimbana ndi madzi a nayitrogeni)
• Electrocautery (kugwiritsira ntchito magetsi kuti awotche zipolopolo)
• Opaleshoni
• Laser mankhwala
• Trichloracetic asidi (yogwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba kuti pang'onopang'ono chotsani chovala)

Zilonda zapachilendo siziyenera kuonedwa ngati zachilendo, ndipo musamazichitire kunyumba musanawone dokotala. Ngakhale kuti magulu ambiri amatha kukhala oopsa, ena angafunike kufufuza, makamaka ngati akumwa magazi, akuwotcha, akufalikira, osagwira mankhwala, kapena amaoneka ngati achilendo.

Kuchiza kwa Dysplasia

Kupewa ndi matenda ena a HPV omwe angakhale ndi chiopsezo chachikulu kungachititse kusintha kosasintha kwa ziwalo zamkati kapena zinyama.

Zomwe zimadziwika kuti dysplasia, kusintha kumeneku kumakhala kosiyana kwambiri ndi kufatsa ( kutsika pang'ono ) kufika pamtima kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti dysplasia yofatsa imadzipangitsa yokha, dysplasia mofulumira kwambiri imatha kupita ku khansa yoyamba yotchedwa carcinoma in situ (CIS) .

Matendawa angapangidwe pogwiritsa ntchito biopsy ndikuwunika minofu mu labu.

• Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi dysplasia yapamwamba, madokotala nthawi zambiri amatenga njira yolondera ndi kuyembekezera.
• Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi dysplasia odzichepetsa kwambiri, mankhwalawa angaphatikizepo kuchotsa minofu yogwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira yodzikongoletsera (LEEP) , cone biopsy , cryotherapy, kapena njira zina zopaleshoni.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti dysplasia si khansa. Kutulutsidwa kwa minofu kungochepetsera chiopsezo cha maselo osakaniza kuti akhale operewera (khansa).

Kuchiza dysplasia (kaya mkaka wa chiberekero, anus, mbolo, kapena larynx) umangotenga zizindikiro za matenda, osati matenda omwewo. Anthu omwe atulukira kuti ali ndi dysplasia adzafunika kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala kuti abwererenso. Izi ndizowona ngati matenda a HPV amatha zaka zoposa ziwiri.

Zotsatira za Chithandizo

Ngakhale kuti matenda a HPV akhoza kukhala ovuta, amakupatsani mwayi wothetsera vuto lisanakhale loopsa kapena ngakhale kuopseza moyo.

Kawirikawiri, mankhwala a HPV ali ndi zovuta zochepa. Ambiri mwa mankhwalawa amapezeka, makamaka mbali, ndi inshuwalansi ya umoyo. Thandizo loleza mtima ndi mapulogalamu a kulipirako amapezeka kuti athandizidwe ndi katemera .

Azimayi amene amafuna mankhwala ambiri omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha ana omwe amayamba kugwira ntchito kapena kuchepa kwa ana. Koma, yekha, mankhwala a HPV sadzakhudza mwachindunji mwayi wamayi wokatenga mimba. Komanso, HPV siidaperekedwa kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwanayo panthawi yoyembekezera.

Pazochitika zosayembekezereka kuti khansa imapezeka, kumbukirani kuti kupeza chithandizo cham'tsogolo kumakupatsani mwayi waukulu pa zotsatira zabwino. Mukamawunika matenda a HPV, onetsetsani kuti mumauza omwe mumakonda za njira zothandizira zomwe zingawathandize kukhalabe bwino.

> Zotsatira:

> American Cancer Society. "Kuyezetsa HPV ndi HPV." Atlanta, Georgia; zasinthidwa pa October 9, 2017.

> Khan, M. ndi Smith-McCune, K. "Kuchiza kwa azimayi otchedwa Cervical Precancers: Kubwerera ku Basics." Choletsa Gynecol. 2014; 123 (6): 1339-43. DOI: 10.1097 / AOG.0000000000000287.

> Lopaschuk, C. "Njira yatsopano yothetsera zida zogonana." Kodi Namwino Wachibale Anga. 2013; 59 (7): 731-36.