Mankhwala a Fever Fever
Chithandizo cha chiwindi cha fever: Gwiritsirani ntchito mankhwala a chiwopsezo
Pomwe zopewera sizilephera kapena sizingatheke, anthu ambiri amafunika mankhwala kuti athetse zizindikiro zawo za rhinitis . Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwala kumadalira mafunso ambiri oti ayankhidwe ndi dokotala wa munthu kapena munthu:
1. Kodi zizindikiro zimakhala zovuta motani?
2. Kodi zizindikiro ndi ziti?
3. Ndi mankhwala ati amene munthuyo angapeze (pamsika, mankhwala)?
4. Ndi mankhwala ati amene munthuyo angatenge?
5. Kodi mankhwala amafunika tsiku lililonse kapena mwachindunji?
6. Kodi ndi zotsatira zotani zomwe munthuyo angaphunzirepo ndi mankhwala?
Mankhwala a antihistamines. Ili ndilo gulu lofala kwambiri la mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti asagwiritsire ntchito rhinitis. Mibadwo yoyamba antihistamines, yomwe imaphatikizapo Benadryl®, nthawi zambiri imayesedwa kuti ikugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse. Mankhwala awa asonyezedwa kuti akhudze ntchito yogwira ntchito ndi kusintha momwe munthu angagwiritsire ntchito galimoto.
Antihistamines yatsopano, yachiwiri ya tsopano yakhala mankhwala othandiza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la rhinitis. Mankhwalawa ndi a cetirizine (Zyrtec®), felefenadine (Allegra®), ndi desloratadine (Clarinex®). Loratadine (Claritin®, Alavert® ndi mawonekedwe achibadwa) tsopano akupezeka pa tsambali.
Mankhwalawa ali ndi ubwino wokhala wotchipa, wosavuta kuti anthu atenge, kuyamba kugwira ntchito mkati mwa maola angapo, choncho akhoza kuperekedwa monga "zofunika".
Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza makamaka pakuthana ndi kunjenjemera, mphuno yothamanga, ndi kuyabwa kwa mphuno chifukwa cha vuto la rhinitis. Zotsatira zake sizodziwika, ndipo zimakhala ndi kuchepa kwache kapena kugona, koma mocheperapo kuposa antihistamines m'badwo woyamba.
Masewera olimbitsa thupi. Gulu ili la mankhwala opatsirana mwinamwake ndi lothandiza kwambiri pochiza mitsempha ya m'mimba, komanso osagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala a rhinitis .
Pali mitundu yambiri ya minofu yotchedwa nasal steroids pamsika, ndipo yonse imapezeka ndi mankhwala. Anthu ena amamva kuti kununkhira kapena kukonda kuposa wina, koma onse amagwira ntchito mofanana.
Gulu la mankhwalawa limaphatikizapo fluticasone (Flonase®), mometasone (Nasonex®), budesonide (Rhinocort Aqua®), flunisolide (Nasarel®), triamcinolone (Nasacort AQ®) ndi beclomethasone (Beconase AQ®).
Steroids yamadzimadzi imathandiza kwambiri kuti musamawononge matenda a rhinitis. Komabe, zopoperazo zimayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku kuti zitheke bwino ndipo motero sizigwira ntchito moyenera. Zotsatira zoyipa zimakhala zochepa ndipo zimangokhalira kukwiya kwa nasal ndi mphuno yamphuno. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mankhwalawa kumayimitsa ngati kukhumudwa kapena kutuluka magazi kumakhala kosalekeza kapena koopsa.
Mankhwala ena amphwasi amphongo. Palinso mankhwala ena awiri a mankhwalawa omwe amapezekapo, antihistamine wamphongo komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Wotsutsa-histamine, azelastine (Astelin®), ndi othandiza pochiza matenda osokoneza bongo. Zimagwira zizindikiro zonse zamkati monga ziwalo za nasal, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse kuti zitheke. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zofewa ndipo zimaphatikizapo kukwiya kwa m'mimba ndi zina za kugona, chifukwa ndi antihistamine m'badwo woyamba.
Nthenda yotchedwa ipratropium (Atrovent nasal®) imagwira ntchito kuti imitsetse mphuno za m'mimba, ndipo imasonyezedwa pochiza matenda a rhinitis, osagwidwa ndi matendawa ndi zizindikiro za chimfine. Zimapindulitsa kwambiri pochiza "mphuno yotupa", koma sichidzayesa kuyabwa kwa nasal kapena mafinya a m'mimba. Zotsatira zoyipa zimakhala zochepa ndipo zimaphatikizapo kukwiya kwa m'mimba komanso kuuma.
Mipiritsi yowonongeka. Gululi limaphatikizapo cromolyn nasal spray (NasalCrom®) ndi mapulaneti otentha kwambiri monga oxymetazoline (Afrin®) ndi phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine®). Cromolyn amagwira ntchito poletsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zimangowoneka ngati tisanagwiritsidwe ntchito tisanayambe kugwidwa.
Momwemonso mankhwalawa sagwira ntchito pafunikira.
Zofupa zam'mimba zimathandiza kuthana ndi msana. Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito masiku angapo masiku awiri mpaka 2-4; mwinamwake pangakhale kuwonjezereka / kuwonjezereka kwa mphuno yamphongo yotchedwa rhinitis medicamentosa.
Zotsatira za zotsatirazi ndizophweka ndipo zimaphatikizapo kukwiya kwa m'mimba ndi kupha magazi, koma kupweteka kwapopeni kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima kapena mavuto a magazi.
Amadzimadzi odzudzula amlomo. Mankhwala otsekemera pamlomo, omwe ali ndi mawu opanda antihistamines, ndi mankhwala othandiza pochiza matenda a minofu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lopweteka. Gululi la mankhwala limaphatikizapo pseudoephrine (Sudafed®), phenylephrine, ndi mankhwala ambiri. Dokotala wotchedwa decongestant / antihistamine wothira mankhwala (monga Allegra-D®, Zyrtec-D®, Clarinex-D® ndi Claritin-D® amasonyezedwa kuti azitha kudwala matenda a rhinitis omwe ali ndi zaka 12 kapena kuposerapo.
Gulu ili la mankhwala limagwira bwino ntchito zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zina, koma zotsatira zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali zimaphatikizapo kugona tulo, kupweteka kwa mutu, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuthamanga kwa mtima komanso mantha.
Leukotriene blockers. Montelukast (Singulair®), idakonzedwa kuti ikhale ndi asthma pafupifupi zaka 10 zapitazo, ndipo tsopano ikuvomerezedwa kuti ichitire mankhwala okhwima a rhinitis. Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti mankhwalawa sali bwino pochiza chifuwa ngati mankhwala odzudzula anti-histamines, koma angakhale bwino pochiza msanga. Kuphatikiza apo, kuphatikiza kwa montelukast ndi pakamwa antihistamine kungakhale bwino pochiza chifuwa kuposa mankhwala omwewo.
Montelukast ikhoza kukhala yopindulitsa makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu yofatsa ndi odwala rhinitis, chifukwa amasonyezedwa pazochitika zonse zachipatala. Mankhwala ayenera kutengedwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuti apindule, ndipo kawirikawiri amatenga masiku angapo asanayambe kugwira ntchito.
Zotsatira zake zimakhala zofewa ndipo zimakhala ndi kupweteka mutu, kupweteka m'mimba ndi kutopa.
Mukufuna kupitiriza kuphunzira? Dziwani chithandizo chokhacho chothetsera chifuwa: zilonda zakusokoneza .
Chitsime:
Dykewicz MS, Fineman S, olemba. Kuzindikira ndi Kulamulira kwa Rhinitis: Zitsogozo Zonse za Gulu Loyamba la Ntchito pa Zomwe Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito Pochita Zachirombo, Khunyu ndi Immunology.