Momwe Zida Zapadera Zimayendera Kutsitsika kwa Magazi
Mitsempha ndi mitsempha ya magazi imene imanyamula magazi okosijeni kuchokera pamtima. Pamene akuyenda kudutsa mumsewu wotetezera, amakhala ochepa komanso ochepa ngati nthambi za mtengo. Pamene atachepera kukula kwake mpaka osachepera 300 micrometers (μm), timawatcha ngati arterioles.
Arterioles amagawana zambiri za mitsempha. Iwo ali amphamvu, ali ndi makoma akuluakulu, ndipo ali ndi kuchuluka kwa minofu yosalala.
Koma, amathandizanso ntchito ina yofunikira. Arterioles ndi mitsempha yamagazi yodalirika kwambiri m'thupi ndipo imathandizira kwambiri kuwonjezeka ndi kugwa kwa magazi .
Monga gulu, arterioles amamva mauthenga osiyanasiyana a zamagetsi ndi magetsi kuchokera mu ubongo, chitetezo cha mthupi, ndi dongosolo la endocrine ndipo nthawi zonse amasintha kukula poyankha mauthenga awo. Pochita zimenezi, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatha kuthamanga kapena kufulumira, kuchititsa kusintha kwa magazi.
Kuthamanga magazi
Njira yoyendetsera magazi imatengedwa kutsekedwa monga magazi samachoka pamtunda. Pachiyambi chake, njirayi imayambira pamtima, kugawira makompyuta a oksijeni paulendo wakunja ndikutengera carbon dioxide kumbuyo kwa ulendo wamkati.
Njira yakunja imayamba pamene mtima umapopera mwazi kudzera mu aorta ndipo imapitiriza kupopera pamene magazi amachititsa njira ya mitsempha yaing'ono yomwe imatchedwa capillaries .
Izi zisanachitike, magazi ayenera kudutsa mu arterioles kumene liwiro lake likusintha nthawi zonse. Kusintha kumeneku kungabwere chifukwa cha zifukwa zikuluzikulu kuphatikizapo kuwuka kapena kutentha, kusinthira kuntchito, chakudya , nkhawa , kapena kuwonetsa poizoni kapena mankhwala.
Choncho, ntchito ya arterioles ndiyo kuyendetsa magazi kuti ikhale yosasunthika komanso yosasinthasintha.
Pochita zimenezi, magazi sangathenso kuyendetsa pamene akufika pamapikola. M'malo mwake, kuyendayenda kudzakhala kosalekeza, kuti pakhale kusinthasintha kosasunthika kwa mpweya ndi carbon dioxide molecules.
Mutengowo ukatha, magazi adzapanga ulendo wamkati kudzera mumtunda wa mitsempha, potsiriza kubwerera pamtima kupyolera pansi pa vena cava.
Matenda a Arteriole
Pamene thupi limagwira ntchito moyenera, arterioles amathandiza kutsimikiza kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi sikukhala koyenera, malire. Komabe, pali zinthu zomwe zingakhudze kapena zotsitsa ntchito yawo. Mwa iwo:
- Arteriosclerosis ndiyo kuphulika, kuumitsa, komanso kutaya makoma okongola. Njirayi imaletsa mphamvu ya arteriole kuyendetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndipo imalola kuti phokoso likhale lopangidwa mofulumira komanso cholesterol pamakoma othandiza. Zifukwa zitatu zazikulu za arteriosclerosis ndi cholesterol, high triglycerides, kusuta fodya, komanso ngakhale kuthamanga kwa magazi.
- Matenda otchedwa Arterial stenosis ndi mitsempha yopanda malire. Izi zikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi chiwerengero cha zinthu monga kuphwanya, kusuta, shuga, matenda, ndi zilema zobereka. Makamaka, kupitirira kwa mitsempha ya mitsempha chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa matenda kapena matenda opatsirana kungayambitse kuphulika kofiira (fibrosis) ya minofu yambiri.
- Arteritis ndi kutupa kwa makoma ozungulira mkati ndi kuzungulira khungu, komwe kawirikawiri kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda omwe amadzipangira okha . Kutupa kwa makoma okongola kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa magazi. Chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri ndi chimphona chachikulu chotchedwa arteritis (GCA) chomwe chimakhudza nthambi za mitsempha ya kunja kwa khosi. Ndi GCA, kufooka kwa magazi kumayambitsa zizindikiro za mutu, masomphenya akusintha, kutayika kwa masomphenya, ndi kupweteka kwa nsagwada pamene akutafuna.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, muyenera kupeza chisamaliro cha dokotala yemwe angakupatseni mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu. Ngakhale mutakhala bwino ndipo mulibe zizindikiro, kupezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kungakulepheretseni kudwala matenda a mtima komanso kupwetekedwa mtima.
Ndi chifukwa chake kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatchedwa "wakupha."
> Zotsatira:
> Lehmann, M. ndi Schmieder, R. "Kukhumudwa ndi mitsempha yaing'ono ya m'mitsempha yambiri," Am J Hypertens. 2011; 24 (12): 1267-73. DOI: 10.1038 / ajh.2011.166.
> Nobel, A .; Johnson, R .; Bass, P. et al. (2010) Matenda a Mtima (Second Ed.) . London: Churchill Livingstone / Elsevier. ISBN: 9780702050824.