Matenda a shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda omwe amadyetsana ndipo amayamba kuwonjezereka ndi nthawi. Mu chikhalidwe, chiyanjano pakati pa shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi mtundu wa ndondomeko yowonongeka, pamene sitepe imodzi imayambitsa sitepe yachiwiri ndipo sitepe yachiwiri "imadyetsa mmbuyo" kuyambitsa gawo loyamba.
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Chitsanzo chophunzitsidwa bwino kwambiri cha kugwirizanitsa pakati pa shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachitika impso.
Impso ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa thupi nthawi yaitali. Poyesa kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa mchere ndi potaziyamu m'thupi, impso zimadzetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi okwanira ngati mkodzo. Izi zimathandiza kuti thupi liziyenda bwino kwa nthawi yaitali. Kuchita ntchitoyi kumadalira kuti magazi aziyenda mosalekeza m'zinthu zolimba kwambiri zopangidwa ndi capillary zotchedwa glomeruli (imodzi: glomerulus). Glomeruli ndizoyambitsa ma impso.
Mitundu ya shuga yapamwamba yokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga, omwe akuphatikizapo glomeruli. Kupyolera mu zovuta zowonjezera, shuga wochuluka wa magazi amachititsa makoma a capillaries kuti aziwombera ndipo, nthawi zina, amanyazitsa kwathunthu. Ngakhale njira zenizeni zomwe zimayambitsa ndondomekoyi ndi zovuta kwambiri kukambirana mwatsatanetsatane, zotsatira zake ndizo kuti glomeruli amakula kwambiri, ndipo amanyengedwa kuti aganize kuti sakupeza magazi okwanira.
Zotsatira zake, impso zimayankha mwa kukweza mphamvu ya magazi kuti kubwezeretsa magazi "abwino" kudutsa mu glomeruli. Chifukwa chakuti zawonongeka, glomeruli amafunika kuwonjezeka kwamuyaya kupsyinjika kwa magazi kuti apitirize kusamba magazi. Nthawi ikapitirira, shuga yowonjezera imapweteka kwambiri glomeruli kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa magazi pamene impso zimayesa kuthetsa vutoli.
Zotsatira Zake pa Ziphuphu Zina
Mavuto akuluakulu a magaziwa ali ndi zotsatira zambiri pa ziwalo zina za thupi, kuphatikizapo minofu ndi malo otsekemera a insulini. Mu minofu, kuthamanga kwakukulu kumayambitsa mitsempha ya magazi. Zotsatira zake, magazi ochepa amatha kudutsa m'madera ambiri a minofu a thupi.
Zimenezi zimachepetsa kukula kwa maselo a minofu ndi kuchepa kwa shuga omwe maselowa amatenga magazi. Chifukwa shuga wotsikayo imachokera ku magazi, mlingo wa shuga waulere m'magazi umatuluka. Shuga imeneyi yaulere imapangitsa kuti impso zifike, komwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonongeka kwa glomerular. Magazi otayika amatha kupyola mu ziphuphu, chifukwa cha kuvomereza, angathenso kuchepetsa kupangika kwa insulini, kukweza shuga wambiri m'magazi.
Kupewa
Chifukwa chakuti matenda a shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi olimbitsa thupi, ndikofunika kwambiri kuti musamayang'anire shuga komanso magazi. Ngakhale kutalika kwapakati pa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda onsewo kungachititse kuti pakhale ndalama zowonjezereka (kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa ndalama). Ichi ndicho chifukwa chachikulu chomwe zolinga zamankhwala zogwirira shuga m'magazi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri pakukhazikitsa mphamvu ya magazi ndi zolinga zamankhwala zokhudzana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri pa matenda a shuga.
Zotsatira:
Kuletsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi chiopsezo cha macrovascular ndi microvascular mavuto a mtundu wa 2 shuga: UKPDS 38. UK Chospective Diabetes Study Group. BMJ 1998; 317: 703.
K / DOQI Malangizo othandizira odwala matenda a shuga ndi matenda a impso. Am J Kidney Dis 2007; 49 (Suppl 2): S17.
Jafar, TH, Stark, PC, Schmid, CH, et al. Kuwonjezereka kwa matenda a impso: gawo la kuthamanga kwa magazi, proteinuria, ndi kutembenuza mavitamini a angiotensin. Ann Intern Med 2003; 139: 244.
Buse, JB, Ginsberg, HN, Bakris, GL, et al. Kupewa kwakukulu kwa matenda a mtima mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga: sayansi ya American Heart Association ndi American Diabetes Association. Kuzungulira kwa 2007; 115: 114.