Opaleshoni iliyonse idzabweretsa mantha ndi nkhawa zina. Kuchita opaleshoni ya neostomy sikumayenderana ndi kuchititsa kusautsika, koma nthawi zambiri leostomy ndi opaleshoni yopulumutsa moyo yomwe ingawonjezere moyo wa munthu.
Kuwonjezera apo, opaleshoni ya ileostomy ndi pamene onse kapena gawo la coloni (chachikulu matumbo) amachotsedwa ndipo mbali yaing'ono yamatumbo imachoka kudzera mu khoma la m'mimba, kotero kuti chinyama chimachotsedwa ku anus.
Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya opaleshoni ya ileostomy yomwe ingatenge, yomwe ikufotokozedwa pansipa. Nileostomy ikhoza kuchitidwa pa zifukwa zingapo, kuphatikizapo matenda a Crohn, ulcerative colitis, khansa ya pakhosi , kapena khansa yamtundu . Nthawi zina, ileostomy ikhoza kusinthidwa panthawi ya opaleshoni yotsatira.
Kodi Ostomy Ndi Chiyani?
Chiwombankhanga ndi pamene opaleshoni imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chitseko kuchokera ku limba kupita kunja kwa thupi. Nthaŵi zambiri, izi zimachitika pofuna kupereka njira ina kuti thupi lichotse zonyansa (mkodzo ndi chopondapo ). Izi zikuphatikizapo opaleshoni ya colostomy , ileostomy, ndi urostomy. Nthawi zina, leostomy ingathenso kutchulidwa ngati kamphindi kakang'ono.
Pa opaleshoni ya ileostomy, matumbo ambiri amachotsedwa. Nthaŵi zina, rectum (gawo lotsiriza la matumbo akulu) ndi anus zatsala mkati mwa thupi, koma nthawi zina zingachotsedwe.
Ndi khola (ndipo mwinamwake anus ndi / kapena rectum) yapita, njira ina iyenera kukonzedwa kuti ikhale ndi thumba kuti ituluke m'thupi. Mu ileostomy, mbali ya m'mimba mwachindunji (leamu) imabweretsa kudzera mu khomo pamimba kunja kwa thupi.
Nthawi zina, ileostomy ikhoza kuchitidwa ndi zonse kapena mbali ya colon yomwe imasiyidwa bwino.
Kawirikawiri, izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kanthaŵi kochepa, monga kuwonongeka kapena matenda kumtunda.
Kuti agwirizane ndi leamu kunja kwa thupi, kutsegulira koyenera kumapangidwe mu khoma la m'mimba. Gawo laling'ono la leamu limene limabweretsa kudzera mitsempha pamimba limatchedwa stoma (mawu achi Greek akuti "pakamwa"). Stoma imaphatikizidwa ndi khoma la m'mimba ndipo ndi pamene chophimba chimachoka mthupi.
Mitundu
Zomwe zilizonsezi sizinalengedwe mofanana; Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ileostomi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda kapena mikhalidwe.
Standard kapena Brooke Ileostomy. Ichi ndi mtundu wa ileostomy umene nthawi zambiri umachitika, makamaka ngati matenda a ulcerative, matenda a Crohn, a polyposis ndi a khansa. Anatchulidwa koyamba ndi dokotala wa opaleshoni wa ku England, Bryan Nicholas Brooke, yemwe adapanga njira zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano ku opaleshoni ya ileostomy. Mu brooke ileostomy, stoma imapangidwa ndi kutembenuza mbali ya leamu kumbuyo kwake, mofanana ndi kuponyera kumbuyo chikho cha thukuta, ndi kuigwedeza pamimba. Kutayika nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofanana kapena kumagwirizanitsa ndipo kumasonkhanitsidwa kumagetsi ostomy omwe amapezeka pamimba pa stoma.
Ili ndilo mtundu wokhawo umene umakhalapo kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a Crohn.
Continental ileostomy. Dziko la continent ileostomy liri ndi kusiyana kosiyana ndi Brooke ileostomy, koma chachikulu kwambiri ndi chakuti odwala okhala ndi continent ileostomy samavala chovala cha ostomy. Mmalo mwake, malo ogulitsira ndi valve amapangidwa kuchokera ku leamu. Vuvu iyi ili mkati mwa khoma la m'mimba (mmalo mwa stoma, yomwe ili kunja). Pofuna kutaya zinyalala, tiyi yaing'ono - catheter - imalowetsedwa m'mimba kuti itulutse zinyalala. Chophimba chavala pa valavu mpaka nthawi yoti igulitse malo osungira. Dziko la continent ileostomy ikhoza kuchitidwa ngati matenda a zilonda zam'mimba, a polyposis ndi a khansa.
Kuchita opaleshoni yamapiko (j-poch) . Kuphatikizidwa pano chifukwa leostomy ndi sitepe imodzi, koma pakatha, opaleshoniyi sichikufuna kugwiritsira ntchito kunja kapena catheter kugwira kapena kuchotsa zinyalala. Mu opaleshoni iyi, malo ogulitsira amapangidwa kuchokera ku terminal leum. Kawirikawiri malowa amakhala opangidwa ndi "j", komanso akhoza kupanga mawonekedwe a "s" kapena "w." Gawo kapena onse a rectum ndi anus amasungidwa mu mtundu uwu wa opaleshoni. Kuchita opaleshoni yamapirasi kumachitika nthawi ziwiri kapena zitatu, ndi Brooke ileostomy kukhala sitepe yoyamba. The ileostomy pambuyo pake amasinthidwa, ndipo chipinda chamkati chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi rectum kapena anus, ndipo chopondapo chikhoza kuchoka thupi popanda kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chamkati.
Kusamalira Ostomy
Ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito stoma, pulogalamu ya ostomy idzafunika kuti isonkhanitse sitima pamene idachoka mu thupi kudzera mu stoma. Namwino wotchedwa enterostomal therapy (ET) ndi wothandizira zaumoyo omwe amathandiza ostomy odwala kusamalira stoma yawo. Odwala okhala ndi ileostomy yatsopano adzalangizidwa momwe angasinthire chida cha ostomy . Phokoso la chovala cha ostomy liyenera kumamatira pamimba kuti ateteze khungu kuzungulira stoma kuti asagwirizane ndi chopondapo. Nthawi zina, kukhudzana nthawi zonse ndi chotupa kungayambitse khungu kuzungulira stoma (peristomal skin) kuti ionongeke kapena iwonongeke.
Pali zida zogwiritsira ntchito ma ostomy omwe amapezeka ku makampani osiyanasiyana ostomy. Amachokera ku zikwama zotseguka zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, kumatumba ang'onoang'ono, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nthawi yapadera kapena kusambira. Odwala ena angayesere mitundu yambiri yamagetsi asanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino.
Zimene Tingayembekezere Kuchokera ku Opaleshoni ya Ileostomy
Kupeza leostomy ndi opaleshoni yayikulu ndipo chipatala chidzakhalapo kulikonse kuchokera masiku angapo kupita pa sabata. Nthawi yowonjezera ingakhale yoposa masabata asanu ndi limodzi, malinga ndi zinthu zingapo zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo mtundu wa opaleshoni ya ileostomy ndi thanzi lanu musanalowe.
Kusonkhana ndi NESA
Masiku omwe musanachite opaleshoni, inu ndi gulu lanu la thanzi lidzasamalira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zofanana ndi kufika kwanu kuchipatala kuti muchitire opaleshoni. Mudzakumana ndi ET namwino, amene adzakambirane nanu nkhani zosiyana. Nkhani yoyamba idzakhala malo a stoma yanu. Ichi ndi chofunika kwambiri pa opaleshoni ya ostomy, ndipo imafuna kumvetsetsa aliyense pa gulu lachipatala. Anu ndi namwino adzatenga moyo wanu, zovala zobvala, momwe mumavalira zovala zanu, ndi zokonda zanu kuti muganizidwe ku malo opangira stoma.
Kenaka mungakambirane za momwe mungasamalire leodiomy yanu pambuyo pa opaleshoniyi. Kwa ileostomy yeniyeni, mudzalandira malingaliro pa mitundu yamagetsi ostomy omwe angakugwiritsireni ntchito bwino. Wanu ndi namwino angakupatseni zitsanzo kuchokera ku makampani angapo osiyanasiyana komanso kudziwa komwe mungapeze zambiri pakufunika. Kwa chiwonetsero cha kontinenti, mudzakambirana za momwe mungatulutsire nkhokweyo, komanso momwe mungayendetsere kangati, ndi momwe mungasamalire valavu.
Chipatala Chanu ndi Dokotala Wanu Wopaleshoni
Mutha kuyembekezera kuyesedwa musanavomerezedwe opaleshoni. Mayesero angapo omwe angapangidwe amaphatikizapo mayesero a magazi ndi chifuwa x-ray. Dokotala wanu wachikulire ndi / kapena gastroenterologist wanu adzalandira mankhwala anu omwe alipo tsopano ndikuwona ngati kusintha kuli koyenera kupangidwa asanachitidwe opaleshoni.
Mudzapezaponso kuchokera kwa dokotala wanu opaleshoni momwe mudzakonzekerere coloni yanu kuti muwachitire opaleshoni. Mudzafunika kukonzekera ngati kuti mudzakhala ndi colonoscopy. Choyambirira chikhoza kuchitika mwa njira imodzi, koma cholinga ndichotseketsa koloni yanu yonse. Mukhozanso kupatsidwa mankhwala ena oti mutenge opaleshoni, monga maantibayotiki.
Opaleshoni
Tsiku la opaleshoni mudzaloledwa ku chipatala ndikuyamba pazidziwitso za IV. Opaleshoni yanu idzakhala maola angapo. Mukadzuka, mudzapeza kuti muli ndi stoma kapena valve pamimba mwako. Mutha kukhala ndi zophikira opaleshoni ndi chubu la naogastric (NG) . Pakhoza kukhala zipangizo zina zamankhwala zomwe zingakuthandizeni mukumva kupweteka kwanu ndi kupumula, monga kupopera kwa morphine kapena kukanikiza pamtima miyendo yanu.
Chipatala chikhalebe
Dokotala wanu adzayang'anitsitsa bwinobwino matenda anu pamene muli m'chipatala. Musanayambe kudya kapena kumwa, gulu lanu lachipatala lizimvetsera mimba yanu kuti imve. Ngati mukuchira monga momwe mukuyembekezerekera, mutha kumaliza kudya zakudya zamadzimadzi masiku angapo, kenaka mupatseni chakudya cholimba pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono. Anamwino anu adzakuchotsani nkumayenda mwamsanga, chifukwa kusunthira n'kofunika kuti thupi lanu liziyenda bwino.
Kubwezeretsa Kwathu Kwathu
Mutatulutsidwa kuchipatala, mupitirizabe kuchira kwanu. Mukhoza kulandira maulendo awiri kuchokera kwa namwino woyendera alendo kapena wodzipereka kuchipatala masiku omwe mutangotha kumene. Mudzakonza zokonza ndi dokotala wanu opaleshoni kuti malo anu opaleshoni ndi kupuma kwanu athe kuyesedwa. Mwinanso mukhoza kukhala ndi chibwenzi ndi nuresi wanu, kapena kuchipatala kapena kunyumba, kuti muthandizidwe pogwiritsa ntchito chida chanu choyamba cha ostomy.
Kubwereranso ku ntchito yowonongeka kudzatenga masabata angapo, ndipo dokotala wanu akuyenera kukupatsani mpata nthawi zonse kuti mupitirize ntchito monga ntchito zapakhomo, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kugonana, ndi kubwerera kuntchito. Zakudya zanu zimangokhala pamasabata oyambirira kunyumba, mwinamwake muli ndi zakudya zochepa zowonjezera zakudya kapena zakudya zina zomwe madokotala anu adanena.
Ngati ileostomy yanu ndi yosakhalitsa ndipo idzasinthidwa, mudzakambirana zokambirana opaleshoni yachiwiri ndi gulu lanu lachipatala.
Zotsatira:
American Cancer Society. "Ileostomy." Cancer.org 17 Mar 2011. 31 Jan 2016.
Zosankha za NHS. "Ileostomy." National Health Service 3 Sept 2012. 31 Jan 2016.
United Ostomy Associations of America, Inc. "Ileostomy Guide". Ostomy.org 2011. 31 Jan 2016.