Kuyesedwa Kumatha Kugonjetsedwa ndi Amuna, Mbadwo, Ndiponso Ngakhale Kugonana
Kuzindikira kwa HPV kumaphatikizapo kuzindikira kokha kachilomboka, koma kudziwa kuti ndi ma ARV ati oposa 150 amene amapanga HPV alipo. Ngakhale kuti ambiri ndi opanda vuto, ndizofunika kwambiri kudziwa kuti matendawa amaphatikizapo chimodzi mwa zoposa 30 zoopsa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa kwambiri ndi khansa. Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mapepala a Pap, mapiritsi a HPV, kapena biopsy-kuphatikizapo chidziwitso chawo chachipatala-kuti adziwe matendawa ndipo akuyembekeza kutenga zoopsa zomwe zingawathandize kuti asakhale ndi vuto.
Momwe munthu amawonetseredwa ndi kuyesedwa zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi umoyo wawo, msinkhu, komanso ngakhale kugonana.
Koma vuto ndi matendawa ndi kuti HPV nthawi zambiri sichisonyeza zizindikiro zoonekeratu za matenda, zomwe zingachititse anthu kuchepetsa kuyesedwa. Nthawi zina, anthu amayamba kupezeka ndi HPV akapezeka kuti ali ndi khansa yokhudzana ndi matendawa.
Mayesero kwa Akazi
Imodzi mwa njira zabwino kwambiri zowonongera kachilombo ka HPV kwa amayi ili ndi Pap smear . Izi zikhoza kuchitidwa panthawi yoyezetsa magazi nthawi zonse kapena makamaka chifukwa HPV imaganiza. Pa mapepala a Pap, maselo amachotsedwa mwakachetechete ndikuyang'anitsitsa pang'onopang'ono kuti ayang'ane zizindikiro za dysplasia. Kuwonanso koyeso kudzachitidwa kuti mudziwe ziphuphu zogonana (zomwe zimakhala ndi maonekedwe a kholifulawa, koma zingakhalenso zobiriwira komanso zamitundu). Kumbukirani kuti kukhalabe kwa nkhondo sikukutanthauza kuti mulibe HPV.
Mayeso ena, otchedwa HPV test , amayesa mavaira enieni osati kusintha kwa maselo achiberekero.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa amayi 30 ndi kupitirira, mwina poyankha Pap smear osasinthasintha kapena ngati gawo la kuyang'ana mwachizolowezi. Zitha kuchitidwa panthawi yomweyi-komanso ngakhale ndi swab yomweyo-monga Pap smear (zomwe zimadziwika kuti co-test).
Malangizo
Malingaliro owonetsetsa a HPV akhoza kusiyana ndi msinkhu wazimayi ndi zina:
- Kwa amayi ochepera zaka 30 , pap smear ikulimbikitsidwa zaka zitatu zilizonse. Komabe, kuyesera kwa HPV sikulangizidwa, chifukwa matenda opatsirana ndi HPV amapezeka mwa amayi omwe ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 20 ndipo samayambitsa khansa. Panthawiyi, matenda ambiri a HPV adzakhala ochepa ndipo adzathetsa okha popanda zotsatira za nthawi yaitali.
- Kwa amayi 30 mpaka 65 , mapepala a Pap angapangidwe zaka zitatu zilizonse kapena kuyesedwa kovomerezeka ndi Pap smear ndi HPV mayeso angathe kuchitidwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.
- Azimayi opatsirana kachilombo ka HIV omwe ali ndi zaka zosachepera 30 ayenera kukhala ndi mapepala apakati pa miyezi 12 iliyonse akayamba kupeza. Pambuyo pa zotsatira zitatu zowonongeka, kuyezetsa kungaperekedwe ku yeseso limodzi la Pap iliyonse zaka zitatu, malinga ngati zotsatirazo zili zachilendo.
Mapepala a Pap ndi HPV amangotenga mphindi zingapo kuti achite. Zotsatira za Pap zimabweretsedwa masabata awiri; Zotsatira za HPV zotsatira zingatenge nthawi yaitali. Zonsezi zimaphimbidwa ndi inshuwalansi.
Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zowopsa za khansara ya chiberekero ndi kusowa kwa kuyang'ana nthawi zonse. Pofuna kupeŵa mavuto a HPV, amayi ayenera kutsatira ndondomeko yoyezetsera pamwambapa ndikuwalangiza madokotala awo aliwonse a warts, zilonda, kapena zolakwika zina zomwe zapangidwa mu ziwalo zoberekera kapena anus.
Mayesero kwa Amuna
Ambiri opatsirana ndi HPV mwa amuna amatsimikiziridwa ndi mawonekedwe a zipolopolo chimodzi kapena zingapo pa mbolo, scrotum, ntchafu, groin, kapena anus.
Komabe, ngati chombochi chikugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati, nthawi zambiri chimangowonjezera pofufuza kanjira kamene kali ndi kachilombo kameneka kapenanso pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Pap .
Mapuloteni a Pap a amagwiritsa ntchito luso lamakono monga mapuloteni a Pap aperesi ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira dysplasia m'maselo otengedwa kuchokera ku anus. Chiyeso chikhoza kukhala chida chofunikira kwa abambo omwe amagonana ndi abambo ovomerezeka , popeza kuti ziwalo za mkati zimakhala zosamveka.
Malangizo
Ngakhale izi, Chigawo cha Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda (CDC) pakalipano akulangizani kuti asamawonetsere kafukufuku wamagetsi a ana a Pap pogwiritsa ntchito amuna ngati sakudziwika ngati kuchiza dysplasia kumateteza khansa ya ana.
Komanso, mosiyana ndi mayeso a HPV ogwiritsidwa ntchito mwa amayi, palibe mayeso otere omwe alipo tsopano kuti atsimikizire kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kapena kamwa.
Kuti izi zitheke, CDC inapereka uphungu kuti mapepala a anal Pap angapangidwe mwa amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna (MSM) omwe amagonana ndi abambo, ngakhale kuti palibe ndondomeko yowonetsera. Gululi liri ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya khansa 40 poyerekeza ndi anthu ambiri. MSM omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV ali pangozi. Popanda kutsata ndondomeko yowunikira, muyenera kukhala mtsogoleri wanu komanso, ngati kuli kofunika, funani chisamaliro kuchokera kwa dokotala kapena kuchipatala chodziwika bwino pa umoyo wa amuna kapena chisamaliro cha MSM.
Kawirikawiri, mayesero awa saphimbidwa ndi inshuwaransi.
Chisokonezo cha Nkhanza za Amuna
Ngati wart akuwoneka ngati akukayikira kapena kuti ndi ovuta kuzindikira, adokotala akhoza kupanga chotsitsa kuti achotse chinyama cha minofu kuti ayese mu labata. Pamene jekeseni wamadzimadzi amatha kupweteka khungu limakhala lopweteka, ndondomeko yokha nthawi zambiri siyi.
Akachotsedwa, minofu ikhoza kuyesedwa pansi pa microscope. Labu likhoza kukuuzani kuti palibe maselo osadziwika (kutanthauza kuti zonse ziri bwino) kapena kuti pali maselo osadziwika otchedwa koilocytes. Koilocytes idzawoneka pansi kapena ikulumikiza pansi pa microscope ndipo ili ndi chidziwitso cha matenda a HPV.
Chidziwitso chokhala ndi chiberekero chogonana chingasonyezedwe ngati:
- Vuto la HPV silikudziwika
- Chiwombankhanga chimatuluka magazi, chimatuluka, kapena chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe achilendo
- Munthuyo ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kapena alibe chitetezo
- Zakhala zikuchulukirapo chiyambireni kafukufuku wapitawo
Ngati Pulogalamu ya HPV Imakhala Yabwino
Mofananamo kuti kusowa kwa nkhondo sikukutanthauza kuti muli ndi HPV, kukhalapo kwa chiberekero sichikutanthauza kuti mudzapeza khansa.
Pokhapokha pali umboni wa neoplasia (kukula kosasinthika, kukula kwa maselo), dokotala angaganize zotsatira zabwino za chithunzi cha HPV kukhala "mbendera yofiira" ndikupitiriza kuyang'anitsitsa chikhalidwecho mwatcheru.
Ngakhale kuti dysplasia ingapitirire ku khansa pakapita nthawi, chiopsezo chimakhala chosasintha. Kawirikawiri dysplasia amatha yekha popanda kuchiritsidwa. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kulemera kwa dysplasia kungakhale kansa yoyamba yotchedwa carcinoma in situ (CIS) .
Pazochitika zosayembekezereka kuti khansara kapena precancer imapezeka, mungatumizedwe kwa oncologist kuti muyambe kuyambitsa matendawa ndi kusankha njira yoyenera ya chithandizo. Mwamwayi, nthawi zambiri matenda opatsirana amayamba nthawi zambiri kuti apambane kwambiri.
> Zotsatira:
> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). "HPV Khansa Kuyeza." Atlanta, Georgia; zasinthidwa pa December 20, 2016.
> CDC. "Kuwunika | Mafunso & Mayankho | 2015 STD Treatment Guidelines." Kusinthidwa pa February 10, 2016.
> Leeds, I. ndi Fang, S. "Kansalu ya khansa ndi intraepithelial neoplasia screening: Kuwunika." World Surgery Surgery. 2016; 8 (1): 41-51. DOI: 10.4240 / wjgs.v8.i1.41.